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Mains Paper 2: Governance | Issues relating to development & management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources
From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:
Prelims level: Monogenic Diabetes
Mains level: Efforts for preventing diabetes in India
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What is monogenic diabetes?
- Monogenic diabetes is a rare condition resulting from mutations (changes) in a single gene.
- In contrast, the most common types of diabetes—type 1 and type 2—are caused by multiple genes (and in type 2 diabetes, lifestyle factors such as obesity).
- Most cases of monogenic diabetes are inherited.
- Monogenic diabetes appears in several forms and most often affects young people.
- In most forms of the disease, the body is less able to make insulin, a hormone that helps the body use glucose (sugar) for energy.
- Rarely, the problem is severe insulin resistance, a condition in which the body cannot use insulin properly.
National Monogenic Diabetes Study Group
- A National Monogenic Diabetes Study Group has been formed to identify cases of monogenic diabetes across the country.
- At national level it is coordinated by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF) and Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre (DMDSC).
- ICMR already has a young diabetic’s registry. As an off-shoot, a National Monogenic Diabetes Study Group has been formed with MDRF as the nodal centre.
- As of now, 33 doctors from across the country are ready to collaborate for this initiative.
Activities under the Group
- MDRF would provide guidelines to the collaborators for identifying monogenic diabetes.
- They need to look out for certain parameters such as children below six months of age.
- They will also look for those diagnosed as Type 1 diabetes but have atypical features such as milder forms of diabetes, and strong family history of diabetes going through several generations.
- The collaborators will identify cases of monogenic diabetes and send their details.
- They will collect blood samples and following the test results they will be given the treatment.
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