Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level : The Face of Disasters 2019 Report

Mains level : Multiple facets of Disasters in India and thier effective management

• The Face of Disasters 2019 report was recently published by Sustainable Environment and Ecological Development Society (SEEDS).

The Face of Disasters 2019 Report

• The ‘Face of Disasters 2019’ report released by SEEDS as part of its 25th anniversary, analyses past trends, looking at disasters from a broader perspective to capture their varied facets.
• The report talks about the need to look at disaster vulnerabilities that lie under the radar, waiting to strike.
• Eight key areas have emerged that will be critical to consider as we look ahead:

1. Water and the changing nature of disaster risk: A ‘new normal’ of rainfall variability is bringing challenges of too much and too little water, often in parallel.
2. No disaster is ‘natural’: Risks lurking under the radar slip through the cracks because they don’t meet the idea of a ‘natural disaster’.
3. The silent events: The disasters that go unseen leave those affected at even greater risk.
4. Land becomes water (and water becomes land): Changes to the coastline are already affecting livelihood sources and will be hotspots for vulnerability in the future.
5. The complexity of disaster impact: Beyond official ‘damages’, the long-term and uncaptured disaster impacts have life-changing consequences for affected communities.
6. The urban imperative: Risk is rapidly urbanising and will affect everyone.
7. Transformations in the third pole: Himalayan glaciers are melting, with serious implications for the whole region.
8. Planning for what you can’t see: Earthquake risk is looming large under the radar, but are we prepared?

Significance of the report

• Analysis of past trends shows us that 2019 will see unusual flooding, as well as heatwaves and drought that are already ongoing.
• The complexity of disasters today requires a proactive and multi-pronged approach.
• A single mega-disaster can wipe out hard-won development gains and recurrent small-scale stresses keep vulnerable families in a cycle of poverty.
• While this multiple event pattern is repeated every year, only a few really capture the public attention. Other risks continue to intensify under the radar.

Way Forward

• Current trends are reinforcing that disasters have multiple facets and complexities.
• In 2018, India witnessed nearly every type of natural hazard, except a major earthquake and related events.
• Floods, droughts, heat and cold waves, lightning strikes, cyclones and even hailstorms, a wide range of disasters impacted most of the country.
• This poses some critical questions and issues and also points to risks that lie ahead. At the core is the idea that disasters cannot be seen in isolation anymore.
• There is a clear need for comprehensive understanding of risks, and hyper-localised plans and allocation of resources to reduce them.

Back2Basics

Sustainable Environment and Ecological Development Society (SEEDS)

• SEEDS, a non profit voluntary organization, is a collective endeavor of young professionals drawn from development related fields.
• It originated as an informal group of likeminded persons, getting together for the purpose of creative research projects of academic interest.
• The group was later formalized in early 1994 and has been active in the field ever since.
• It is involved in research activities in Community Development, Disaster Management, Environmental Planning, Transport Planning, and Urban and Regional Planning.
• Activities are carried out on behalf of government, semi – government and international development agencies. Independent programs on vital issues are also taken up.