Microtheme: Health Indicators —
3 questions asked in Prelims in the past.

1. [2024] Consider the following countries:
   1. Italy
   2. Japan
   3. Nigeria
   4. South Korea
   5. South Africa
   Which of the above countries are frequently mentioned in the media for their low birth rates, or ageing population or declining population?
   • (a) 1,2 and 4*
   • (b) 1,3 and 5
   • (c) 2 and 4 only
   • (d) 3 and 5 only
   Correct Answer: (A) 1,2 and 4*
2. [2024] The total fertility rate in an economy is defined as:
   • (a) the number of children born per 1000 people in the population in a year.
   • (b) the number of children born to a couple in their lifetime in a given population.
   • (c) the birth rate minus death rate.
   • (d) the average number of live births a woman would have by the end of her child-bearing age.*
   Correct Answer: (D) the average number of live births a woman would have by the end of her child-bearing age.*
3. [2009] Consider the following statements :
   1. Infant mortality rate takes into account the death of infants within a month after birth.
   2. Infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths in a particular year per 100 live births during that year.
   Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
   • (a) 1 only
   • (b) 2 only
   • (c) Both 1 and 2
   • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
   Correct Answer: (B) 2 only