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14th June
The Crisis In The Middle East
[14th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Endgame of a 2,611-year-old Jewish-Persian enmity
Civil Aviation Sector – CA Policy 2016, UDAN, Open Skies, etc.
The rot starts at the top of the aviation ladder
Horticulture, Floriculture, Commercial crops, Bamboo Production – MIDH, NFSM-CC, etc.
Brewing crisis: How climate change is unravelling India’s tea heartland
Forest Conservation Efforts – NFP, Western Ghats, etc.
Centre sets up Forest Rights Act (FRA) Cells
Tourism Sector
Shipki La Mountain Pass opened for Tourists
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
What are Black Boxes?
Differentiated Banks – Payment Banks, Small Finance Banks, etc.
What is Merchant Discount Rate (MDR)?
Will India’s Aviation Sector Overcome Its Challenges to Reach New Heights?
Note4students: The Indian aviation sector became the world’s third-largest domestic aviation market. Big news from the Mains perspective. PYQs analysis… Continue reading Will India’s Aviation Sector Overcome Its Challenges to Reach New Heights?
13th June
Foreign Policy Watch: India-United States
[13th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Trump’s tariffs and a U.S.-India trade agreement
Urban Transformation – Smart Cities, AMRUT, etc.
Urbanisation and the challenge of ideal transit solutions
Foreign Policy Watch: India-Bangladesh
Is Bangladesh slipping into authoritarianism?
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
Science behind right AC Temperature
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
AviList 2025: World’s First Unified Global Bird Checklist
Indian Army Updates
Exercise KHAAN QUEST
Women empowerment issues – Jobs,Reservation and education
India slips to 131st position in Global Gender Gap Index, 2025
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UPSC Ranker Mentorship Civilsdaily
Inflation and Food Prices: Can Rate Cuts and Falling Food Prices Sustain the Trend ?
N4S: This article explains the causes and control of food inflation in India clearly and simply. UPSC often asks questions… Continue reading Inflation and Food Prices: Can Rate Cuts and Falling Food Prices Sustain the Trend ?
12th June
Child Rights – POSCO, Child Labour Laws, NAPC, etc.
[12th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Recounting Velpur’s story in ending child labour
Foreign Policy Watch: India-Canada
Bad blood India and Canada must use every opportunity to reset ties
Economic Indicators and Various Reports On It- GDP, FD, EODB, WIR etc
Why govts revise GDP base year and methodology, why the proposed 2026 revision matters for India’s global standing
Crop Insurance – PMFBY, etc.
CROPIC Initiative
Innovations in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences
BBX32 Protein in Plants
Foreign Policy Watch: United Nations
India participates in 2nd Session of IALA Council
Festivals, Dances, Theatre, Literature, Art in News
Poson Poya festival in Sri Lanka
Festivals, Dances, Theatre, Literature, Art in News
PM pays tributes to Sant Kabir
The Supreme Court vs. The Tamil Nadu Governor: What Does This Judgment Say About the Governor’s Role ?
N4S: This article unpacks the complex and often controversial role of the Governor in India’s democracy. UPSC usually frames questions… Continue reading The Supreme Court vs. The Tamil Nadu Governor: What Does This Judgment Say About the Governor’s Role ?
11th June
The Crisis In The Middle East
[11th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Erdogan’s neo-Ottoman foreign policy
International Space Agencies – Missions and Discoveries
Expert Explains: Why Axiom-4 matters
Judicial Reforms
India’s legal bridge is one of reciprocity, not roadblocks
ISRO Missions and Discoveries
Voyager Tardigrades Experiment
Innovations in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences
Magnetic Isolation and Concentration Cryo-electron Microscopy (MagIC)
India’s Population hits 146.39 Cr: UNFPA
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
KATRIN Experiment sets strongest Limit on Neutrino Mass
Climate Change Negotiations – UNFCCC, COP, Other Conventions and Protocols
[pib] Third United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC3)
Custodial Torture :A legal impossibility or just political unwillingness ?
N4S: This article explores one of the most uncomfortable realities of India’s law enforcement system — the silent, systemic culture… Continue reading Custodial Torture :A legal impossibility or just political unwillingness ?
10th June
Women empowerment issues – Jobs,Reservation and education
[10th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Empowering women in agriculture for food security
Electoral Reforms In India
Tighten the process: On the Election Commission of India, election processes
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
How extracting and producing nickel can be made more sustainable
Zoonotic Diseases: Medical Sciences Involved & Preventive Measures
HKU5 Bat Viruses pose potential Pandemic Risk
New Species of Plants and Animals Discovered
Species in news: Himalayan long-tailed myotis
Innovations in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences
Kashmir Merino: India’s First Gene-Edited Sheep
International Space Agencies – Missions and Discoveries
NASA captures image of Mars’ Arsia Mons Volcano
International Space Agencies – Missions and Discoveries
What is Axiom-4 Mission?
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UPSC Mentorship 2027
Defamation vs. Criticism: Drawing the Line in a Democracy ?
The UPSC often picks real-life legal or social conflicts and then asks aspirants to explore the constitutional principles behind them.… Continue reading Defamation vs. Criticism: Drawing the Line in a Democracy ?
9th June
Climate Change Impact on India and World – International Reports, Key Observations, etc.
[9th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: New study makes controversial weather-tweaking idea more realistic
Capital Markets: Challenges and Developments
Consultative regulation-making that should go further
Defence Sector – DPP, Missions, Schemes, Security Forces, etc.
Defence production in India receives a fillip
President’s Rule
In news: President’s Rule
Primary and Secondary Education – RTE, Education Policy, SEQI, RMSA, Committee Reports, etc.
Mizoram and Goa declared Fully Literate under ULLAS Scheme
Historical and Archaeological Findings in News
Evidence of Pre-Harappan Human Presence discovered in Rann of Kutch
Poverty Eradication – Definition, Debates, etc.
Extreme Poverty in India down to 5.3% in 2022-23: World Bank
Air Pollution
Dynamic Route Planning for Urban Green Mobility (DRUM)
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
Rare Proton Emission in Astatine Isotope
Telecom and Postal Sector – Spectrum Allocation, Call Drops, Predatory Pricing, etc
Digital Postal Index Number (DIGIPIN)
BIMSTEC at a Crossroads: Can India Drive the Change ?
N4S: UPSC has asked questions from themes like BIMSTEC by linking old groupings like SAARC with emerging ones like BIMSTEC.… Continue reading BIMSTEC at a Crossroads: Can India Drive the Change ?
7th June
Water Management – Institutional Reforms, Conservation Efforts, etc.
[7th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Water management in India needs a new course
Food Safety Standards – FSSAI, food fortification, etc.
Maintaining India’s progress in food safety standards
Terrorism and Challenges Related To It
Assam CM on Pakistan ‘scare narrative’: Could Chinese dams affect Brahmaputra flow in India?
Railway Reforms
PM inaugurates Chenab Railway Bridge
RBI Notifications
RBI’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) Decisions
Foreign Policy Watch: United Nations
India elected to UN’s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
Land Reforms
UMEED Portal for Waqf Properties
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UPSC Mains 2025
The Waqf (Amendment) Bill: Can Faith-Owned Land Be Governed Fairly?
Note4Students UPSC loves questions where law and society collide—especially when the Constitution, property rights, and minority institutions intersect. This article… Continue reading The Waqf (Amendment) Bill: Can Faith-Owned Land Be Governed Fairly?
5th June
Climate Change Impact on India and World – International Reports, Key Observations, etc.
[5th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Aiming for an era of ‘biohappiness’ in India
Textile Sector – Cotton, Jute, Wool, Silk, Handloom, etc.
The seeds of sustainability for India’s textile leadership
Industrial Sector Updates – Industrial Policy, Ease of Doing Business, etc.
Falling short India must ensure technology transfer in the EV segment
Global Geological And Climatic Events
Massive eruption of Italy’s Mount Etna
Air Pollution
Rising ‘Black Carbon’ heating Himalayan Snow: Study
International Monetary Fund,World Bank,AIIB, ADB and India
India opposed to ADB’s funding to Pakistan
Minority Issues – SC, ST, Dalits, OBC, Reservations, etc.
Next Census to conclude by March 2027
Wetland Conservation
Two New Ramsar Sites in Rajasthan
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UPSC 2024 AIR 3 Archit Dongre
3rd June
Foreign Policy Watch: India-United States
[3rd June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Strengthening the U.S.-India subsea cable agenda
Monsoon Updates
Monsoon woes: On the southwest monsoon and the northeast
Capital Markets: Challenges and Developments
Why has net FDI inflow plummeted?
Promoting Science and Technology – Missions,Policies & Schemes
‘Bharat Gen’ AI-based multimodal LLM for Indian languages launched
Festivals, Dances, Theatre, Literature, Art in News
Kheer Bhawani Festival
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
SHUKR Gene in Flowering Plants
Foreign Policy Watch: India-China
What if China stops Brahmaputra Water?
D Gukesh defeats World no.1 Magnus Carlsen
Unbalanced Power Play: Cracking the Code of Asymmetric Federalism in India
WHY THIS? Sonam Wangchuk’s detention at the Delhi border highlights ongoing demands for Ladakh’s inclusion in the Sixth Schedule of… Continue reading Unbalanced Power Play: Cracking the Code of Asymmetric Federalism in India
2nd June
Blockchain Technology: Prospects and Challenges
[2nd June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Regulating India’s virtual digital assets revolution
Economic Indicators and Various Reports On It- GDP, FD, EODB, WIR etc
Growing pains: On economic performance, Viksit Bharat
Climate Change Impact on India and World – International Reports, Key Observations, etc.
How the technology industry is trying to meet its climate goals
The Crisis In The Middle East
Places in News: Zangezur Corridor
Iran’s Nuclear Program & Western Sanctions
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Historical and Archaeological Findings in News
Neolithic Site of Daojali Hading in Assam
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
In news: Valley of Flowers National Park
Tiger Conservation Efforts – Project Tiger, etc.
Jharkhand to set up its first Tiger Safari near Palamau TR
Sailing Towards Self-Reliance: Is India Ready for Atmanirbharta in the Maritime Sector?
NOTE4STUDENTS: This article covers India’s journey toward maritime self-reliance, focusing on indigenous naval production and strategic initiatives. UPSC tends to… Continue reading Sailing Towards Self-Reliance: Is India Ready for Atmanirbharta in the Maritime Sector?
31st May
Foreign Policy Watch: India-Pakistan
[31st May 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Pakistan’s India war
Industrial Sector Updates – Industrial Policy, Ease of Doing Business, etc.
Steep decline: On the Index of Industrial Production
Global Geological And Climatic Events
600-million-year-old stromatolites in the Himalayas tell the story of an ocean lost and Earth’s first breath
Festivals, Dances, Theatre, Literature, Art in News
300th Birth Anniversary of Lokmata Ahilyabai Holkar
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
JNCASR develops Fast-Charging Sodium-Ion Battery
Industrial Sector Updates – Industrial Policy, Ease of Doing Business, etc.
Quality Council of India (QCI)
Indian Army Updates
17th Edition of Exercise Nomadic Elephant
Economic Indicators and Various Reports On It- GDP, FD, EODB, WIR etc
Govt. releases Provisional GDP Estimates
Weaponized Trade: A Strategic Tool or an Economic Time Bomb?
NOTE4STUDENTS: China weaponizes supply chains to exert geopolitical pressure and economic dominance. UPSC may explore questions on trade policies, WTO… Continue reading Weaponized Trade: A Strategic Tool or an Economic Time Bomb?
30th May
Primary and Secondary Education – RTE, Education Policy, SEQI, RMSA, Committee Reports, etc.
[30th May 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Rewriting the script of Early Childhood Education
Disasters and Disaster Management – Sendai Framework, Floods, Cyclones, etc.
Danger in the sea: On Kerala and the MSC Elsa 3 sinking
Blockchain Technology: Prospects and Challenges
C Raja Mohan writes: In India, needed, a crypto strategy
New Species of Plants and Animals Discovered
Pedicularis rajeshiana: New plant species from Himalayas
Capital Markets: Challenges and Developments
Initial Public Offering (IPO)
Agricultural Sector and Marketing Reforms – eNAM, Model APMC Act, Eco Survey Reco, etc.
Continuation of Modified Interest Subvention Scheme (MISS)
Modern Indian History-Events and Personalities
Birth Anniversary of Veer Savarkar
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
Culling of Vermins
Celebrating Innovation: How Far Has Startup India Come in 9 Years?
NOTE4STUDENTS: This article takes a deep dive into India’s startup ecosystem, looking at what drives its growth, the challenges it… Continue reading Celebrating Innovation: How Far Has Startup India Come in 9 Years?
29th May
Banking Sector Reforms
[29th May 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: India’s financial sector reforms need a shake-up
Parliament – Sessions, Procedures, Motions, Committees etc
The importance of the Deputy Speaker
Economic Indicators and Various Reports On It- GDP, FD, EODB, WIR etc
Why India is the 3rd-largest Economy, NOT 4th or 5th?
Defence Sector – DPP, Missions, Schemes, Security Forces, etc.
AMCA Project
Places in news: Mt. Khangchendzonga
Innovations in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences
TR1 Cells: The Hidden Warriors in Malaria Immunity
Minimum Support Prices for Agricultural Produce
Cabinet approves hike in MSP for Kharif Crops
Judicial Appointments Conundrum Post-NJAC Verdict
Supreme Court Collegium recommends transfer of HC CJs
UPSC Prelims 2025 GS 1 Question Paper with Answer Key & Controversial Questions [Download Now]
Guys! UPSC Prelims 2025 GS Paper 1 is just over now. Download the UPSC Prelims Question Paper 2025 PDF with… Continue reading UPSC Prelims 2025 GS 1 Question Paper with Answer Key & Controversial Questions [Download Now]
28th May
Foreign Policy Watch: India – Germany
[28th May 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: The silver jubilee of a Strategic Partnership
As US pulls back, China is primed to expand its Soft Power
Renewable Energy – Wind, Tidal, Geothermal, etc.
Energy and efficiency: On India and greater energy efficiency mandates
Monsoon Updates
Bow Echo Storms
Monsoon Updates
What is Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)?
Trade Sector Updates – Falling Exports, TIES, MEIS, Foreign Trade Policy, etc.
Centre restores RoDTEP Scheme
GI(Geographical Indicator) Tags
Kumbakonam Vetrilai Betel Leaf gets GI Tag
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
Conservation of Dugongs
From Parliament to Party Offices: Is It Time for POSH to Take Charge?
NOTE4STUDENTS: The recent deliberations around applying the POSH Act to political parties highlight an evolving and essential intersection of law,… Continue reading From Parliament to Party Offices: Is It Time for POSH to Take Charge?
27th May
Disasters and Disaster Management – Sendai Framework, Floods, Cyclones, etc.
[27th May 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Focus on heat-resilience despite the monsoon
Global Geological And Climatic Events
What is Magnetic Flip-Flop?
New Species of Plants and Animals Discovered
New Cambrian sea creature Mosura fentoni discovered in Canada
Parliament – Sessions, Procedures, Motions, Committees etc
Elections to the Rajya Sabha
Innovations in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences
Scientists verify Mendel’s Experiments on Inheritance
Innovations in Sciences, IT, Computers, Robotics and Nanotechnology
Bharat Forecast System for Panchayat-Level Weather Forecasting
Animal Husbandry, Dairy & Fisheries Sector – Pashudhan Sanjivani, E- Pashudhan Haat, etc
State of the World’s Animal Health Report, 2025 by WOAH
Defence Sector – DPP, Missions, Schemes, Security Forces, etc.
Arms deals: India moves away from Russia; Pakistan from the U.S
Waste Management – SWM Rules, EWM Rules, etc
GEDA invites tenders for Solar Waste recycling to tackle growing e-waste in Gujarat
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Civilsdaily UPSC Mentorship
One Candidate, Multiple Constituencies : A provision challenging electoral fairness ?
NOTE4STUDENTS: Representation of the People Act (RPA), 1951 is an area that aspirants commonly skip or read superficially. A lack… Continue reading One Candidate, Multiple Constituencies : A provision challenging electoral fairness ?
26th May
Coastal Zones Management and Regulations
[26th May 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: The maths of how India’s coastline lengthened without gaining land
Foreign Policy Watch: India-Africa
Time for a new India-Africa digital compact
Trade Sector Updates – Falling Exports, TIES, MEIS, Foreign Trade Policy, etc.
Trade deals will bring opportunities for Indian agriculture. But there will also be challenges
Capital Markets: Challenges and Developments
Short Selling and Associated Risks
Pharma Sector – Drug Pricing, NPPA, FDC, Generics, etc.
PLI Scheme for 11 Pharma Products rolled out
Mother and Child Health – Immunization Program, BPBB, PMJSY, PMMSY, etc.
India’s first ICMR-SCD Stigma Scale
International Space Agencies – Missions and Discoveries
Tianwen-2 Mission
New Species of Plants and Animals Discovered
Schistura Densiclava: New Fish Species Discovered in Meghalaya’s Cave
What is the Golaknath v. State of Punjab (1967) Case?
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