Microtheme: Nuclear Energy Technology —
5 questions asked in Prelims in the past.

1. [2024] With reference to radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs), consider the following statements:
   1. RTGs are miniature fission reactors.
   2. RTGs are used for powering the onboard systems of spacecrafts.
   3. RTGs can use Plutonium-238, which is a by-product of weapons development.
   Which of the statements given above are correct?
   • (a) 1 and 2 only
   • (b) 2 and 3 only*
   • (c) 1 and 3 only
   • (d) 1, 2 and 3
   Correct Answer: (B) 2 and 3 only*
2. [2012] To meet its rapidly growing energy demand, some opine that India should pursue research and development on thorium as the future fuel of nuclear energy. In this context, what advantage does thorium hold over uranium?
   1. Thorium is far more abundant in nature than uranium.
   2. On the basis of per unit mass of mined mineral, thorium can generate more energy compared to natural uranium.
   3. Thorium produces less harmful waste compared to uranium.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   • (a) 1 only
   • (b) 2 and 3 only
   • (c) 1 and 3 only
   • (d) 1, 2 and 3
   Correct Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
3. [2011] The function of heavy water in a nuclear reactor is to?
   • (a) Slow down the speed of neutrons.
   • (b) Increase the speed of neutrons.
   • (c) Cooldown the reactor.
   • (d) Stop the nuclear reaction.
   Correct Answer: (A) Slow down the speed of neutrons.
4. [2008] Who among the following discovered heavy water?
   • (a) Heinrich Hertz
   • (b) H.C. Urey
   • (c) Bengali
   • (d) Malayalam
   Correct Answer: (B) H.C. Urey
5. [2008] In the year 2007, an earthquake led to massive radioactive water leakage in the largest nuclear plant in the world. In which country did it occur?
   • (a) Germany
   • (b) Canada
   • (c) Japan
   • (d) USA
   Correct Answer: (C) Japan