Microtheme: Judiciary —
19 questions asked in Prelims in the past.

1. [2022] Consider the following statements :
   1. Pursuant to the report of H.N. Sanyal Committee, the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 was passed.
   2. The Constitution of India empowers the Supreme Court and the High Courts to punish for contempt of themselves.
   3. The Constitution of India defines Civil Contempt and Criminal Contempt.
   4. In India, the Parliament is vested with the powers to make laws on Contempt of Court.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?4
   • (a) 1 and 2 only
   • (b) 1, 2 and 4
   • (c) 3 and 4 only
   • (d) 3 only
   Correct Answer: (B) 1, 2 and 4
2. [2022] With reference to India, consider the following statements :
   1. Government law officers and legal firms are recognised as advocates, but corporate lawyers and patent attorneys are excluded from recognition as advocates.
   2. Bar Councils have the power to lay down the rules relating to legal education and recognition of law colleges.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
   • (a) 1 only
   • (b) 2 only
   • (c) Both 1 and 2
   • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
   Correct Answer: (B) 2 only
3. [2021] With reference to India, consider the following statements:
   1.Judicial custody means an accused is in the custody of the concerned magistrate, and such an accused is locked up in the police station, not in jail.
   2.During judicial custody, the police officer in charge of the case is not allowed to interrogate the suspect without the approval of the court.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   • (a) 1 only
   • (b) 2 only
   • (c) Both 1 and 2
   • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
   Correct Answer:
4. [2021] With reference to the Indian judiciary, consider the following statements:
   1. Any retired judge of the Supreme Court of India can be called back to sit and act as a Supreme Court judge by the Chief Justice of India with prior permission from the President of India.
   2. A High Court in India has the power to review its own judgment, as the Supreme Court does.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   • (a) 1 only
   • (b) 2 only
   • (c) Both 1 and 2
   • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
   Correct Answer: (A) 1 only
5. [2020] Consider the following statements:
   1. The Constitution of India defines its ‘basic structure’ in terms of federalism, secularism, fundamental rights and democracy.
   2. The Constitution of India provides for ‘judicial review’ to safeguard the citizens’ liberties and to preserve the ideals on which the Constitution is based.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   • (a) 1 only
   • (b) 2 only
   • (c) Both 1 and 2
   • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
   Correct Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
6. [2020] In India, Legal Services Authorities provide free legal services to which of the following type of citizens?
   1. Person with an annual income of less than Rs 1,00,000
   2. Transgender with an annual income of less than Rs 2,00,000
   3. Member of Other Backward Classes (OBC) with an annual income of less than ₹ 3,00,000
   4. All Senior Citizens
   Select the correct answer using the code given below:
   • (a) 1 and 2 only
   • (b) 3 and 4 only
   • (c) 2 and 3 only
   • (d) 1 and 4 only
   Correct Answer: (A) 1 and 2 only
7. [2019] Consider the following statements:
   1. The- motion to impeach a Judge of the Supreme Court of India cannot be rejected by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha as per the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968.
   2. The Constitution of India defines and gives details of what Constitutes ‘incapacity and proved misbehaviour’ of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India.
   3. The details of the process of impeachment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India are given in the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968.
   4. If the motion for the impeachment of a Judge is taken up for voting, the law requires the motion to be backed by each House of the Parliament and supported by a majority of total membership of that House and by not less than two-thirds of total members of that House present and voting.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   • (a) 1 and 2
   • (b) 3 only
   • (c) 3 and 4 only
   • (d) 1, 3 and 4
   Correct Answer: (C) 3 and 4 only
8. [2019] With reference to the Constitution of India, prohibitions or limitations or provisions contained in ordinary laws cannot act as prohibitions or limitations on the constitutional powers under Article 142. It could mean which one of the following?
   • (a) The decisions taken by the Election Commission of India while discharging its duties cannot be challenged in any court of law.
   • (b) The Supreme Court of India is not constrained in the exercise of its powers by laws made by the Parliament.
   • (c) In the event of grave financial crisis in the country, the President of India can declare Financial Emergency without the counsel from the Cabinet.
   • (d) State Legislatures cannot make laws on certain matters without the concurrence of Union Legislature.
   Correct Answer: (B) The Supreme Court of India is not constrained in the exercise of its powers by laws made by the Parliament.
9. [2019] With reference to the Constitution of India, consider the following statements:
   1. No High Court shall have the jurisdiction to declare any central law to be constitutionally invalid.
   2. An amendment to the Constitution of India cannot be called into question by the Supreme Court of India.
   Which of the statements given above is / are correct?
   • (a) 1 only
   • (b) 2 only
   • (c) Both 1 and 2
   • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
   Correct Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
10. [2017] In India, Judicial Review implies
    • (a) the power of the Judiciary to pronounce upon the constitutionality of laws and executive orders.
    • (b) the power of the Judiciary to question the wisdom of the laws enacted by the Legislatures.
    • (c) the power of the Judiciary to review- all the legislative enactments before they – are assented to by the President.
    • (d) the power of the Judiciary to review its own judgements given earlier in similar or different cases
    Correct Answer: (A) the power of the Judiciary to pronounce upon the constitutionality of laws and executive orders.
11. [2015] Who/Which of the following is the custodian of the Constitution of India?
    • (a) The President of India
    • (b) The Prime Minister of India
    • (c) The Lok Sabha Secretariat
    • (d) The Supreme Court of India
    Correct Answer: (D) The Supreme Court of India
12. [2014] The power to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court of India is vested in?
    • (a) The President of India.
    • (b) The Parliament.
    • (c) The Chief Justice of India.
    • (d) The Law Commission.
    Correct Answer: (B) The Parliament.
13. [2014] The power of the Supreme Court of India to decide disputes between the Centre and the States falls under its:
    • (a) advisory jurisdiction
    • (b) appellate jurisdiction
    • (c) original jurisdiction
    • (d) writ jurisdiction
    Correct Answer: (C) original jurisdiction
14. [2013] With reference to National Legal Services Authority, consider the following statements :
    1. Its objective is to provide free and competent legal services to the weaker sections of the
    society on the basis of equal opportunity.
    2. It issues guidelines for the State Legal Services Authorities to implement the legal programmes and schemes throughout the country.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • (a) 1 only
    • (b) 2 only
    • (c) Both 1 and 2
    • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
    Correct Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
15. [2012] What is the provision to safeguard the autonomy of the Supreme Court of India?
    1. While appointing the Supreme Court Judges, the President of India has to consult the Chief Justice of India.
    2. The Supreme Court Judges can be removed by the Chief Justice of India only.
    3. The salaries of the Judges are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India to which the legislature does not have to vote.
    4. All appointments of officers and staff of the Supreme Court of India are made by the Government only after consulting the Chief Justice of India.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • (a) 1 and 3 only
    • (b) 3 and 4 only
    • (c) 4 only
    • (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
    Correct Answer: (A) 1 and 3 only
16. [2012] Which of the following are included in the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
    1. A dispute between the Government of India and one or more States
    2. A dispute regarding elections to either House of the Parliament or that of Legislature of a State
    3. A dispute between the Government of India and a Union Territory
    4. A dispute between two or more States
    Select the correct answer using the code given below:
    • (a) 1 and 2 only
    • (b) 2 and 3 only
    • (c) 1 and 4 only
    • (d) 3 and 4 only
    Correct Answer: (C) 1 and 4 only
17. [2010] Consider the following statements : The Supreme Court of India tenders advice to the President of India on matters of law or fact
    1. on its own initiative (on any matter of larger public interest).
    2. if he seeks such an advice.
    3. only if the matters relate to the Fundamental Rights of the citizens.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
    • (a) 1 only
    • (b) 2 only
    • (c) 3 only
    • (d) 1 and 2 only
    Correct Answer: (B) 2 only
18. [2009] Consider the following statements :
    1. The Advocate General of a State in India is appointed by the President ot India upon the recommendation of the Governor of the concerned State.
    2. As provided in Civil Procedure Code, High Courts have original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction at the State level.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
    • (a) 1 only
    • (b) 2 only
    • (c) Both 1 and 2
    • (d) Neither 1 nor 2
    Correct Answer: (B) 2 only
19. [2008] How many High Courts in India have jurisdiction over more than one State (Union Territories not included)?
    • (a) 2
    • (b) 3
    • (c) 4
    • (d) 5
    Correct Answer: (B) 3