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Explain the role of millets for ensuring health and nutritional security in India.

Millets (Shree Anna) are emerging as a critical pillar of India’s strategy to achieve nutrition security, dietary diversification and climate-resilient food systems

Role of millets

Food Security

Drought and heat resistant

Requires less water and fertiliser – Ideal for tribal, arid and semi-arid regions

Rich Nutritional Profile

High in iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium and phosphorus

Higher protein and dietary fibre than rice and wheat

Low glycaemic index, suitable for diabetics and obese populations

Tackling Malnutrition & Hidden Hunger

Addresses micronutrient deficiency among women and children (anaemia, stunting and wasting)

Can strengthen ICDS, Mid-Day Meal and POSHAN Abhiyaan

Versatile: Can be used in traditional and modern dishes. Eg- in biscuits, noodles, bakery

Promotes Dietary Diversity – Reduces over-dependence on rice-wheat centric diets

Supports Public Health

Prevents non-communicable diseases like diabetes, hypertension and heart disease

Strengthens immunity due to high antioxidant content

Aligned with international commitments

SDG-2 – Zero Hunger

International year of millets (2023)

Challenges

Perceived as “poor person’s food”

Lack of Awareness of health benefits.

High Cost than rice/wheat – less accessible to low-income groups.

Decline in Cultivation Area:Reduced from 35 to 15 million hectares

PDS Challenge:Replacing 20% rice/wheat requires 10.8 million tonnes of millets.

Way Forward

Demand-Side Strategies

Consumer Awareness Campaigns: Eg- Eat Right India

Gluten-Free Exports: Eg- millet products like pasta and flour.

Supply-Side Strategies

Revive Traditional Practices: Eg-Barahnaja in Uttarakhand.

Strengthen Market Linkages through FPOs and cooperatives

Special Agribusiness Zones (SABZ)

Enhancing millet production and consumption is key for Swasth Bharat, Samruddh Bharat