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Consider the following types of vehicles:
I. Full battery electric vehicles
II. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
III. Fuel cell electric hybrid vehicles
How many of the above are considered as alternative (powertrain) vehicles?

(a)

Only one

(b)

Only two

(c)

All the three

(d)

None

Correct Answer

(c)

Explanation

The term alternative powertrain vehicles refers to vehicles that use non-traditional methods to power the drivetrain, typically meaning not reliant solely on internal combustion engines (ICE) fueled by gasoline or diesel. These include technologies that aim to reduce emissions and reliance on fossil fuels.


I. Full battery electric vehicles (BEVs)
Powered entirely by electric batteries

No internal combustion engine
Alternative powertrain

II. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCEVs)
Use hydrogen to generate electricity in a fuel cell

Electricity powers electric motors
Alternative powertrain

III. Fuel cell electric hybrid vehicles
Combine a fuel cell (usually hydrogen-based) with a secondary energy source, typically a battery

Capable of electric propulsion
Alternative powertrain

Final Answer:
(c) All the three are considered alternative powertrain vehicles.

Answer: (c) All the three