In the context of India, which of the following is/are considered to be of practice(s) of

In the context of India, which of the following is/are considered to be of practice(s) of
eco-friendly agriculture?
1. Crop diversification
2. Legume intensification
3. Tensiometer use
4. Vertical farming
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a)

1, 2 and 3 only

(b)

3 only

(c)

4 only

(d)

1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer:

(a)

Core Books/NCERT

Explanation

Introducing a greater range of varieties in a particular agro – ecosystem leads to diversification of agricultural production which can also increase natural biodiversity, strengthening the ability of the agro-ecosystem to respond to these stresses. So (1) is correct. The discourse on Legume intensification is currently framed as ‘Sustainable Intensification’ (SI), and commonly encompasses three dimensions: (i) increased productivity; (ii) maintenance of ecosystem services; and (iii) increased resilience to shocks. So (2) is correct. Tensiometers are used in irrigation scheduling to help farmers and other irrigation managers to determine when to water. So (3) is correct. Vertical farming is the practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers. However this does not come under eco-friendly agriculture. So (4) is not correct. Therefore, the correct answer is (d).