[24th November 2025] The Hindu OpED: The future of health lies in harmony

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2019] How is the Government of India protecting traditional knowledge of medicine from patenting by pharmaceutical companies? Linkage: Traditional medicine is gaining global traction, so protecting it from patenting and biopiracy is now a core policy priority rather than a cultural concern. As India leads the global traditional medicine agenda, this linkage… Continue reading

Labour codes: what changes for workers and employers

Introduction The four labour codes, Code on Wages, Code on Social Security, Industrial Relations Code, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, aim to simplify compliance for industries, expand social security to workers, and improve ease of doing business. However, labour being a concurrent subject, implementation depends on states, and concerns have emerged about… Continue reading

How can State PSCs be reformed

Introduction Public Service Commissions are constitutional institutions meant to ensure merit-based appointments insulated from political pressures. A century after the Montagu–Chelmsford report envisaged them, State PSCs face credibility challenges due to recruitment irregularities and systemic inefficiencies that affect millions of aspirants. Why in the news? At the 2025 National Conference of Chairpersons of State Public… Continue reading

Centre notifies four new Labour Codes

Why In The News? The Centre notified all four Labour Codes, introducing major reforms and replacing 29 outdated labour laws dating back to the 1930s. 1)Introduction to the Labour Codes Notification: Major Reform Announcement: The Centre notified all four Labour Codes, introducing wide-ranging changes in India’s labour framework. Key Focus Areas: The reforms expand social… Continue reading

Government plans unification of port security regulations- sovereign entity to oversee private ports while CISF will regulate 80 ports

Why In The News? The government has designated CISF as the security regulator for 250+ seaports to strengthen coastal security. 1) New Security Framework: Sovereign Entity at Seaports: Government to deploy CISF as a sovereign security force at private cargo-handling ports for a uniform security system. Initial Coverage: CISF to regulate 80 major export-import seaports… Continue reading

IAF’s Tejas jet crashes during demo flight at Dubai Air Show, pilot killed

Why In The News? An Indian Air Force Tejas fighter jet crashed during the Dubai Air Show, killing Wing Commander Namansh Syal, after spiralling out of control and igniting on impact at Al Maktoum International Airport. 1)Tejas Mk1A: About: The Tejas Mk1A is an upgraded variant of India’s Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas, developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). Purpose: This… Continue reading

Protesters clash with police for a second day as Sangai Festival kicks off in Manipur

Why In The News? The Sangai Festival in Manipur opened amid protests by IDPs and NGOs, lowering attendance. Critics say the government should prioritise resolving the Kuki-Zo–Meitei ethnic conflict and resettling displaced people before holding tourism events after the May 2023 violence. 1) About Sangai Festival: Celebration Period: Manipur Sangai Festival is held every year… Continue reading

[22nd November 2025] The Hindu Op-ED: The new direction for India should be toward Asia

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2024] The West is fostering India as an alternative to reduce dependence on China’s supply chain and as a strategic ally to counter China’s political and economic dominance. Explain this statement with examples. Linkage: This question is relevant as the article highlights India’s discomfort with Western strategic pressure and the U.S. attempt… Continue reading

Overcoming resistance: On the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (2025–29)

Introduction The Government has introduced the second iteration of the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (NAP-AMR) in response to escalating resistance to antibiotics across sectors. While version 1 generated marginal gains and placed AMR on India’s health agenda, its sluggish implementation led to persistent misuse of antibiotics, weak state collaboration, and rising resistance. New… Continue reading

The story behind Himachal Pradesh’s traditional Raulane Festival

Why In The News? Bright, colourful, and captivating photos of the Raulane festival from Himachal Pradesh have recently gone viral on social media, sparking widespread discussion about the festival’s unique rituals and the rich cultural heritage of this centuries-old tradition. About Raulane Festival: Location & Timing: The Raulane festival is celebrated in Kalpa, located in… Continue reading

CPCB to monitor Yamuna with Delhi and Haryana

Why In The News? Drain water overflow is contaminating the Yamuna, prompting the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) to inform the National Green Tribunal (NGT) that the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC), and Haryana State Pollution Control Board (HSPCB) will jointly conduct quarterly monitoring to track pollution and coordinate… Continue reading

Pharmacogenomics: reading genes to tailor prescriptions for individuals

Why In The News? Pharmacogenomics is transforming healthcare by showing how genetic differences affect individual drug responses. This breakthrough emerging technology is replacing traditional “start low, go slow” trial-and-error prescribing with personalised, precision-based treatment that improves effectiveness and reduces harmful reactions. 1) What is Pharmacogenomics? Definition & Purpose: Studies how genetic variations affect drug response,… Continue reading

NSA hosts 7th meeting of Colombo Security Conclave in Delhi

Why In The News? At the 7th NSA-level Colombo Security Conclave meeting, member states prioritised cooperation on five pillars: maritime security, counterterrorism and radicalisation, trafficking and transnational crime, cybersecurity and critical infrastructure protection, and humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, aiming to strengthen regional security coordination. About Colombo Security Conclave (CSC): Regional Grouping: A security platform… Continue reading

[21st November 2025] The Hindu Op-ED: India’s fisheries and aquaculture, its promising course

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2015] Livestock rearing has a big potential for providing non-farm employment and income in rural areas. Discuss suggesting suitable measures to promote this sector in India. Linkage: Same as livestock rearing, fisheries are a key allied sector driving rural non-farm jobs, and are in news due to FAO support and Blue Economy… Continue reading

Search on for five declared foreigners by Assam tribunal

Why In The News? Police in Assam’s Sonitpur district are searching for five people declared non-citizens by a Foreigners’ Tribunal after they repeatedly failed to appear for hearings, prompting the tribunal to issue an ex-parte order. 1) About Foreigners Tribunal (FT): Legal Basis: Quasi-judicial bodies established under the Foreigners (Tribunals) Order, 1964, issued under Section… Continue reading

SC clarifies Governor’s powers: How SC answered 14 questions President posed

Introduction The Supreme Court’s opinion on the President’s 14 queries recalibrates the balance between Raj Bhavan and elected state governments. It ends the uncertainty around “pocket veto”, clarifies that gubernatorial discretion is narrow, and rejects any judicial power to impose timelines on constitutional authorities. The ruling is significant because it formalises procedural discipline without enabling… Continue reading

Is federalism in retreat under single party hegemony?

INTRODUCTION The rationalisation of GST ushered in a new era of indirect taxation but triggered concerns among several States regarding declining revenue autonomy. Disputes around compensation, centrally-sponsored schemes, disaster relief funding, and Finance Commission recommendations have reached the Supreme Court, raising a fundamental question: Is Indian federalism being structurally reshaped under a single-party political hegemony?… Continue reading

Crop-residue burning turning India into global methane hotspot, UN report warns

Why In The News? India has been identified as a major methane-emission hotspot from crop-residue burning, according to a UN report released on November 17, 2025 at COP30 in Belem, Brazil. Stubble burning, already a key air-pollution source, is now flagged as a major climate threat, and reducing it would benefit both public health and… Continue reading

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