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What was the immediate reason for Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and fight the Third Battle of Panipat

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What was the immediate reason for Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and fight the Third Battle of Panipat?

(a)

He wanted to avenge the expulsion by Marathas of his viceroy Timur Shah from Lahore

(b)

The frustrated governor of Jalandhar Adina Beg Khan invited him to invade Punjab

(c)

He wanted to punish Mughal administration for non-payment of the revenues of the Chahar Mahal Gujarat Aurangabad Sialkot and Pasrur

(d)

He wanted to annex the fertile plains of Punjab up to the borders of Delhi in his kingdom

Answer:

(a)

Core Books/NCERT

Explanation

The immediate reason for Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and fight the Third Battle of Panipat was to avenge the expulsion by the Marathas of his viceroy Timur Shah from Lahore. In 1751, the Marathas had captured Lahore and placed their own governor in the city, which resulted in the Mughal Emperor appointing Timur Shah, Abdali`s son, as his viceroy in Lahore. However, Timur Shah was expelled by the Marathas in 1752, which was seen as a humiliation by Ahmad Shah Abdali. He saw an opportunity to avenge this insult and re-establish his authority in the region, and therefore invaded India in 1757, leading to the Third Battle of Panipat.