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  • ICJ’s latest judgment on Rohingya Genocide

    Judges at the United Nations’ highest court have dismissed preliminary objections by Myanmar to a case alleging for genocide against the Rohingya ethnic minority.

    Who are the Rohingyas?

    • Rohingya Muslims comprise one million out of the 53 million people that live in Myanmar, forming the world’s largest stateless population in a single country.
    • Universally reviled by the country’s Buddhist majority, they have been oppressed by the government since the late 1970s when the government launched a campaign to identify ‘illegal immigrants’.
    • Serious abuses were committed, forcing as many as 250,000 Rohingya refugees to flee to Bangladesh.
    • The 1982 Citizenship Law in former Burma made the Rohingyas stateless people.
    • They have often been called the most persecuted minority in the world.
    • The 1.1 million Rohingya Muslims squeezed precariously into the northwest state of Rakhine, in mainly Buddhist Burma, bordering majority Muslim Bangladesh, are stateless and unwanted.

    Why are they persecuted by Myanmar?

    • To qualify for citizenship, Rohingya applicants had to renounce their identity And accept being labelled as ‘Bengalis’ on all official documents.
    • They also had to prove that they could trace the presence of their family in Rakhine back three generations, something which is extremely difficult as many Rohingya lack documents or had lost them in 2012.

    Why did the Rohingya Crisis happen?

    • Since World War II they have been treated increasingly by Burmese authorities as illegal, interloping Bengalis, facing apartheid-like conditions that deny them free movement or state education.
    • The army “clearing operations” sparked the mass exodus of Rohingyas in both October 2016.
    • In August 2017, were launched after insurgents known as the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) attacked several paramilitary check posts.
    • Rohingya activists claim the insurgents are mainly young men who have been pushed to breaking point by relentless oppression.

    Security Implications

    • The Rohingya issue and its spill over impact on Myanmar`s western peripheral region and security implications figured in the discussions is not clear.
    • In all probability, the import of the ferment caused by the Rohingya migration, efforts of radical Islamists to influence some of the Rohingya youth, and the Pakistan ISI’s attempts to capitalise on the situation.
    • Rising anger in the Muslim world about the plight of the Rohingya has compounded fears of home-grown militancy as well as support from international jihadists.
    • Illegal movement of people, combined with human trafficking and cross-border migration, can weaken Myanmar’s relations with its neighbour Bangladesh and its ASEAN partners.

    What is the case against Myanmar?

    • Last year, the Republic of the Gambia moved the ICJ against Myanmar over alleged violations of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
    • The Gambia urged the ICJ to direct Myanmar to stop the genocide, ensure that persons committing genocide are punished, and allow the “safe and dignified return of forcibly displaced Rohingya”.
    • The Gambia and Myanmar are parties to the Genocide Convention that allows a party to move the ICJ for violations.
    • Disputes between the Contracting Parties are settled according to Article 9 of the Genocide Convention.

    International support for Gambia’s case

    • The Netherlands and Canada are backing Gambia, saying in 2020 that the country took a laudable step towards ending impunity for those committing atrocities in Myanmar and upholding this pledge.
    • Canada and the Netherlands consider it their obligation to support these efforts which are of concern to all of humanity.

    What next?

    • The ICJ’s ruling sets the stage for court hearings, airing evidence of atrocities against the Rohingya that human rights groups and a UN probe say amount to breaches of the 1948 Genocide Convention.
    • The International Court of Justice rules on disputes between states.
    • It is not linked to the International Criminal Court, also based in The Hague, which holds individuals accountable for atrocities.
    • Prosecutors at the ICC are investigating crimes committed against the Rohingya who were forced to flee to Bangladesh.
    • The ruling of the ICJ is binding on Myanmar, and cannot be appealed. However, no means are available to the court to enforce it.

    Back2Basics:

    BASIS INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC) INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE (ICJ)
    Relationship with the United Nations Independent; UN Security Council may refer matters to it Primary judicial branch of the UN.
    Members 105 members 193 members (all members of the United Nations).
    Derives authority from The Rome Statute Charter of the United Nations and the Statute of the International Court of Justice.
    Scope of work Criminal matters – investigating and prosecuting crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes Civil matters- settling legal disputes between the member-states and giving advisory opinions on international legal issues
    Jurisdiction Only the member nations of the ICC, which means around 105 countries. Can try individuals. All the member nations of the UN, which means 193 countries. Cannot try individuals and other private entities.
    Composition 1 prosecutor and 18 judges, who are elected for a 9-year term each by the member-states which make up the Assembly of State Parties with all being from different nations 15 judges who are elected for a 9-year term each and are all from different nations.
    Funding Funded by state parties to the Rome Statute and voluntary contributions from the United Nations, governments, individual corporations, etc. Funded by the UN.

     

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  • What is the Controversy over GST levies on Food?

    From July 18, a 5% Goods and Services Tax (GST) has been levied on several food items and grains that are sold in a pre-packed, labelled form even if they are not branded.

    What is the news?

    • So far, these items, which include curd, lassi, buttermilk, puffed rice, wheat, pulses, oats, maize and flour, were exempted from the GST net.
    • The fresh tax levies have attracted an outcry from traders as well as consumers.

    What is GST?

    • GST launched in India on 1 July 2017 is a comprehensive indirect tax for the entire country.
    • It is charged at the time of supply and depends on the destination of consumption.
    • For instance, if a good is manufactured in state A but consumed in state B, then the revenue generated through GST collection is credited to the state of consumption (state B) and not to the state of production (state A).
    • GST, being a consumption-based tax, resulted in loss of revenue for manufacturing-heavy states.

    What are GST Slabs?

    • In India, almost 500+ services and over 1300 products fall under the 4 major GST slabs.
    • There are five broad tax rates of zero, 5%, 12%, 18% and 28%, plus a cess levied over and above the 28% on some ‘sin’ goods.
    • The GST Council periodically revises the items under each slab rate to adjust them according to industry demands and market trends.
    • The updated structure ensures that the essential items fall under lower tax brackets, while luxury products and services entail higher GST rates.
    • The 28% rate is levied on demerit goods such as tobacco products, automobiles, and aerated drinks, along with an additional GST compensation cess.

    How did the rate hikes come about?

    • The 5% tax on unbranded packed food items was approved by the GST Council.
    • Some of the other items to have lost their tax-exempt status include bank cheques, maps and atlases, hotel rooms that cost up to ₹1,000 a night, and hospital room rents of over ₹5,000 a day.
    • The pre-packed items weighing over 25 kg would not attract GST.

    Why such move?

    • This move was part of a broader set of changes in the GST structure to do away with tax exemptions as well as concessional tax rates.
    • The Centre and States had discussed the need to raise revenues from the GST, which at the time of its launch five years ago, was premised on levying a ‘revenue-neutral’ rate of 15.5%.
    • All affected food items, including wheat, pulses, rice, curd and lassi, will be exempt from GST when sold loose.

    What has the government said on the issue?

    • FM has hit out at misconceptions about the GST levies on food items and dismissed suggestions that they were imposed unilaterally by the Centre.
    • The 5% levy, she said, was critical to curb tax leakages and was not taken by ‘one member’ of the GST Council alone as all States had agreed to the move.
    • When GST was rolled out, a GST rate of 5% was made applicable on branded cereals, pulses, flour.
    • This was later amended to tax only such items which were sold under a registered brand or brands on which enforceable right was not foregone by the suppliers.
    • This tax exemption triggered ‘rampant misuse’ by reputed manufacturers and brand owners leading to a gradual drop in revenues.

     

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  • Monkeypox is ‘Public Health Emergency’

    The World Health Organization’s Director-General has declared monkeypox a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) July 23, 2022.

    What is PHEIC?

    Definition: Under the International Health Regulations (IHR), a public health emergency is defined as “an extraordinary event which is determined, as provided in these Regulations: to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease; and to potentially require a coordinated international response”.

    What criteria does the WHO follow to declare PHEIC?

    • PHEIC is declared in the event of some “serious public health events” that may endanger international public health.
    • The responsibility of declaring an event as an emergency lies with the Director-General of the WHO and requires the convening of a committee of members.

    Implications of a PHEIC being declared

    The PHEIC is the highest level of alert the global health body can issue.

    • There are some implications of declaring a PHEIC for the host country.
    • Only polio and SARS-CoV-2 were ongoing PHEIC prior to monkeypox.
    • Declaring a PHEIC may lead to restrictions on travel and trade.

    Back2Basics: Monkeypox

    • The monkeypox virus is an orthopoxvirus, which is a genus of viruses that also includes the variola virus, which causes smallpox, and vaccinia virus, which was used in the smallpox vaccine.
    • It causes symptoms similar to smallpox, although they are less severe.
    • While vaccination eradicated smallpox worldwide in 1980, monkeypox continues to occur in a swathe of countries in Central and West Africa, and has on occasion showed up elsewhere.
    • According to the WHO, two distinct clade are identified: the West African clade and the Congo Basin clade, also known as the Central African clade.

     

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  • [pib] Anushilan Samiti

    Union Education and Skill Development Minister has urged NCERT and the Education fraternity to include enough information about Anushilan Samiti, especially in the upcoming National Curriculum Framework

    Anushilan Samiti

    • Anushilan Samiti was an Indian fitness club, which was actually used as an underground society for anti-British revolutionaries.
    • It was founded by Satish Chandra Pramatha Mitra, Aurobindo Ghose and Sarala Devi.
    • In the first quarter of the 20th century it supported revolutionary violence as the means for ending British rule in India.
    • The organisation arose from a conglomeration of local youth groups and gyms (akhara) in Bengal in 1902.
    • It had two prominent, somewhat independent, arms in East and West Bengal, Dhaka Anushilan Samiti (centred in Dhaka), and the Jugantar group (centred in Calcutta).
    • It challenged British rule in India by engaging in militant nationalism, including bombings, assassinations, and politically motivated violence.

    Revolutionary activities

    • The Samiti collaborated with other revolutionary organisations in India and abroad.
    • It was led by the nationalists Aurobindo Ghosh and his brother Barindra Ghosh, influenced by philosophies like Italian Nationalism, and the Pan-Asianism of Kakuzo Okakura.
    • The Samiti was involved in a number of noted incidents of revolutionary attacks against British interests and administration in India, including early attempts to assassinate British Raj officials.
    • These were followed by the 1912 attempt on the life of the Viceroy of India, and the Seditious conspiracy during World War I, led by Rash Behari Bose and Jatindranath Mukherjee respectively.

    Defiance from militant nationalism

    • The organisation moved away from its philosophy of violence in the 1920s due to the influence of the Indian National Congress and the Gandhian non-violent movement.
    • A section of the group, notably those associated with Sachindranath Sanyal, remained active in the revolutionary movement, founding the Hindustan Republican Association in north India.
    • A number of Congress leaders from Bengal, especially Subhash Chandra Bose, were accused by the British Government of having links with the organisation during this time.
    • The Samiti’s violent and radical philosophy revived in the 1930s, when it was involved in the Kakori conspiracy, the Chittagong armoury raid, and other actions against the administration in British-occupied India.

    Other personalities associated with Anushilan Samiti

    • Legends like, Deshabandhu Chittaranjan Das, Surendranath Tagore, Jatindranath Banerjee, Bagha Jatin were associated with Anushilan Samiti.
    • Dr Hedgewar who established the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) was also an alumnus of the Samity.

     

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  • 25th July 2022| Daily Answer Writing Enhancement(AWE)

    Topics for Today’s questions:

    GS-1          Role of women and women’s organization

    GS-2        Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.

    GS-3         Indian Economy

    GS-4        Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance.

    Question 1)

     

    Q.1 Though various women organisations have played a key role in promoting entrepreneurship among women, there continue to exist obstacles that impede women entrepreneurship. Discuss in the context of India. (10 Marks)

     

    Question 2)

    Q.2 Technically, a subsidy is the unrecovered cost of any service (or good) provided by the government. What are the purposes served by the subsidies and what are the issues with it? Suggest the way forward. (10 Marks)

    Question 3)

    Q.3 What are the issues with the use of monetary policy instruments to deal with the food-prices-driven inflation? Suggest the way forward. (10 Marks)

    Question 4)  

    Q.4 “A well-developed Emotional intelligence is not only an instrumental tool in accomplishing goals, but has a dark side as a weapon for manipulating others by robbing them of their capacity to reason.” Analyse. (10 Marks)

     

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    8. We encourage you to write answers on the same day. However, if you are uploading an answer late then tag the mentor like @Staff so that the mentor is notified about your answer.

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  • Why is Karnataka opposing Centre’s draft Eco-Sensitive Area norms for Western Ghats?

    The Union Environment Ministry’s latest draft notification on Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESA) in the Western Ghats is facing stiff opposition in Karnataka.

    What is the news?

    • The MoEFCC had issued a draft notification that demarcated large parts of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and Maharashtra as eco-sensitive areas.
    • Among these states, Karnataka contains the largest geographical share of the notified areas in the Western Ghats, at 20,668 sq km.

    ESA in Western Ghats

    • In 2013, the Kasturirangan committee had submitted a report which recommended that 37% of the Western Ghats, covering an area of 59,940 sq km be classified as ESA.
    • On the basis of this, several drafts were introduced which were subsequently rejected by the surrounding states, including Karnataka.

    What is ESA?

    • Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) or Ecologically Fragile Areas (EFAs) are areas notified by the MoEFCC around Protected Areas, National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.
    • The purpose of declaring ESZs is to create some kind of “shock absorbers” to the protected areas by regulating and managing the activities around such areas.
    • They also act as a transition zone from areas of high protection to areas involving lesser protection.

    How are they demarcated?

    • The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 does NOT mention the word “Eco-Sensitive Zones”.
    • However, Section 3(2)(v) of the Act, says that Central Government can restrict areas in which any industries, operations or processes or class of industries, operations or processes shall be carried out or shall not, subject to certain safeguards.
    • Besides Rule 5(1) of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 states that central government can prohibit or restrict the location of industries and carrying on certain operations or processes on the basis of certain considerations.
    • The same criteria have been used by the government to declare No Development Zones (NDZs).

    Defining its boundaries

    • An ESZ could go up to 10 kilometres around a protected area as provided in the Wildlife Conservation Strategy, 2002.
    • Moreover, in the case where sensitive corridors, connectivity and ecologically important patches, crucial for landscape linkage, are beyond 10 km width, these should be included in the ESZs.
    • Further, even in the context of a particular Protected Area, the distribution of an area of ESZ and the extent of regulation may not be uniform all around and it could be of variable width and extent.

    Activities Permitted and Prohibited

    • Permitted: Ongoing agricultural or horticultural practices, rainwater harvesting, organic farming, use of renewable energy sources, and adoption of green technology for all activities.
    • Prohibited: Commercial mining, saw mills, industries causing pollution (air, water, soil, noise etc.), the establishment of major hydroelectric projects (HEP), commercial use of wood, Tourism activities like hot-air balloons over the National Park, discharge of effluents or any solid waste or production of hazardous substances.
    • Under regulation: Felling of trees, the establishment of hotels and resorts, commercial use of natural water, erection of electrical cables, drastic change of agriculture system, e.g. adoption of heavy technology, pesticides etc, widening of roads.

    What does the new draft notification for the Western Ghats say?

    • The draft notification demarcates 46,832 sq km in the five states Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Goa and Tamil Nadu as ESA in the Western Ghats.
    • Kerala is excluded from the draft notification and it had earlier undertaken the exercise of demarcating ESA in the state by physical verification.
    • Among the five states, 20,668 sq km of the ESA lies in Karnataka, 1,461 sq km in Goa, 17,340 sq km in Maharashtra, 6,914 sq km in Tamil Nadu and 449 sq km in Gujarat.
    • According to the notification, the concerned state governments are responsible for monitoring and enforcing the provisions of the notification.

    What are the curbs that the state governments will have to implement?

    • The draft notification states there shall be a complete ban on mining, quarrying and sand mining in the ESA.
    • All existing mines are to be phased out within five years from the date of issue of the final notification or on the expiry of the existing mining lease.
    • It also bars setting up of new thermal power projects and expansion of existing plants in the sensitive area, and the banning of all new ‘Red’ category industries.
    • The construction of new townships and area development projects will also be prohibited in the areas.
    • ‘Orange’ category industries, with a pollution index score of 41-59, such as jute processing and ‘White’ industries that are considered non-polluting will also be allowed with strict compliance.

    What were the suggestions by the Kasturirangan panel?

    • The panel, formed in 2012, was tasked with the mandate of taking a “holistic view of the issue, and to bring synergy”.
    • It aimed to protecting the environment and biodiversity, while maintaining the needs and aspirations of the local and indigenous people, of sustainable development and environmental integrity of the region.
    • The report had recommended a blanket ban on mining, quarrying, red category industries and thermal power projects.
    • It also stated that the impact study of infrastructural projects on the forest and wildlife should be conducted before permission is given.

    What is Karnataka’s stand on the matter?

    • The Karnataka government has been firm in rejecting the implementation of the guidelines.
    • It has staunchly opposed to the Kasturirangan committee report on Western Ghats.
    • It urged that declaring Western Ghats as ESA would adversely affect the livelihood of people in the region.
    • Environmental experts consider the state government’s decision to be disastrous for the biodiversity of the Western Ghats.

     

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  • [Sansad TV] Mudda Aapla: Culture of Freebies

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    Context

    • With the poll season round the corner, political parties are busy planning to lure the electorate with their promises which also include freebies.
    • Over the years the politics of freebies has become an integral part of the electoral battles and the scenario is no different in the forthcoming assembly polls in five states.
    • There are arguments both in favour and against this practice. In this article, we shall learn analyse all aspects of this issue.

    Freebie Politics in India: A backgrounder

    • The term Freebies is not new; rather it is a prevalent culture in Indian politics (in the name of socialism).  
    • The political parties are always trying to outdo each other in luring the Indian voters with assorted freebies.
    • From free water to free smartphones the Indian politicians promise everything to attract prospective voters in favour.
    • This trend has gained more momentum in the recent times with the political parties being innovative in their offerings as the ‘traditional free water and electricity’ is no longer sufficient as election goodies.

    Examples of freebies

    1. Promise of Rs 15 lakh in our bank accounts 😀
    2. Free TV, Laptops
    3. Free electricity
    4. Loan waivers
    5. Offering free public transport ride to all women in Delhi

    Why are such policies popular among the public?

    • Failure of economic policies: The answer lies in the utter failure of our economic policies to create decent livelihood for a vast majority of Indians.
    • Quest for decent livelihood: The already low income had to be reoriented towards spending a disproportionately higher amount on education and health, from which, the state increasingly withdrew.
    • Prevailing unemployment:  Employment surveys have shown that employment growth initially slowed down from the 1990s, and then has turned negative over the past few years.
    • Increased cost of living: Real income growth of the marginal sections has actually slowed down since 1991 reforms.
    • Increased consumerism: The poor today also spend on things which appear to be luxuries; cellphones and data-packs are two such examples which are shown as signs of India’s increased affluence.
    • Necessity: For migrant workers, the mobile phone helps them keep in touch with their families back home, or do a quick video-call to see how their infant is learning to sit up or crawl.

    Can Freebies be compared with Welfare Politics?

    • These freebies are not bad. It is a part of social welfare.
    • Using freebies to lure voters is not good.
    • Voter’s greediness may lead to a problem in choosing a good leader.
    • When we don’t have a good leader then democracy will be a mockery.

    Impact of such policies

    • Never ending trail: The continuity of freebies is another major disadvantage as parties keep on coming up with lucrative offers to lure more number of votes to minimize the risk of losing in the elections.
    • Burden on exchequer: People forget that such benefits are been given at the cost of exchequer and from the tax paid.
    • Ultimate loss of poors: The politicians and middlemen wipe away the benefits and the poor have to suffer as they are deprived from their share of benefits which was to be achieved out of the money.
    • Inflationary practice: Such distribution freebie commodity largely disrupts demand-supply dynamics.
    • Lethargy in population: Freebies actually have the tendency to turn the nation’s population into: Lethargy and devoid of entrepreneurship.
    • Money becomes only remedy: Everyone at the slightest sign of distress starts demanding some kind of freebies from the Govt. 
    • Popular politics: This is psychology driving sections of the population expecting and the government promptly responds with immediate monetary relief or compensation.

    What cannot be accounted to a freebie?

    • MGNREGA scheme (rural employment guarantee scheme)
    • Right to Education (RTE)
    • Food Security through fair price shops ( under National Food Security Act)
    • Prime Minister Kisan Samman Yojana (PM-KISAN)

    Arguments in favour

    • Social investment: Aid to the poor is seen as a wasteful expenditure. But low interest rates for corporates to get cheap loans or the ‘sop’ of cutting corporate taxes are never criticized.
    • Socialistic policy: This attitude comes from decades of operating within the dominant discourse of market capitalism.
    • Election manifesto: Proponents of such policies would argue that poll promises are essential for voters to know what the party would do if it comes to power and have the chance to weigh options.
    • Welfare: Economists opine that as long as any State has the capacity and ability to finance freebies then its fine; if not then freebies are the burden on economy.
    • Other wasteful expenditure: When the Centre gives incentives like free land to big companies and announce multi-year tax holidays, questions are not asked as to where the money will come from.

    A rational analysis of freebies

    • Winning election and good governance are two different things. The role of freebies to avail good governance is definitely questionable.
    • The social, political and economic consequences of freebies are very short-lived in nature. 
    • There are many freebies and subsidies schemes available in many States but we still find starvation deaths, lack of electricity, poor education and health service. 
    • Hence the sorrow of the masses of India cannot be solved by freebies or by incentives.

    So are not freebies meant only to attract voters and swing voters by concentrating on a preferential group or community?

    Way forward

    • It can be agreed that a democracy requires popular support for its rule to continue. The sops and freebies to the poor buy it the requisite votes.
    • But the democratic process of election and election promises should be clear. It should not control voters thought. 
    • What some people term as ‘populism’ actually constitutes what real economics should be.
    • If you deprive people of what they really need, you will have to throw allurements at them.
    • This can only be stopped if political masters try to follow what economist EA Schumacher had conveyed through his seminal work Small is beautiful – “Treat economics as if people matter.”

    Conclusion

    • There is nothing wrong in having a policy-led elaborate social security programme that seeks to help the poor get out of poverty.
    • But such a programme needs well thought out preparation and cannot be conjured up just before an election.

    Perhaps the best observation has come from Y K Alagh, economist and educationist, that the electorate is nobody’s fool. It will take all the freebies already being distributed and then vote according to its carefully thought out assessment of performance. Much depends on whether the electorate can see through all this posturing.

  • UPSC Post and Salary List

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    ‘UPSC is the central body in India that conducts examinations like the Civil Services Exam (CSE) for the recruitment of candidates in top government services like IAS, IPS, IFS, etc. UPSC recruits candidates for both Civil Service as well as Defense Services.‘

    Table of Content

    UPSC Posts List and salary

    The civil services examination (CSE) is a National level competitive examination. The exam is conducted by the UPSC almost every year. 

    CSE is also widely known as the IAS exam. 

    UPSC CSE is for the recruitment of bureaucrats (Civil Servants/HIgher Govt. officials) for 3 services under the Government of India 

    • All India Services
    • Group A Services or Central Services
    • Group B services or State services

    Salary for both Gr. A  and Gr. B officers start from INR 56,100 excluding TA, DA, and HRA The maximum monthly salary of an IAS officer can reach INR 2,50,000. for a Cabinet Secretary. But the salaries depend on seniority and position.

    Every year millions of Indian youths start preparing for the exam. But a handful of candidates can clear the exam because it is the toughest exam in the country and is unpredictable too.

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    UPSC Services list

    All India Services:

    • Indian Administrative Service 
    • Indian Foreign Service 
    • Indian Police Service 

    Group A Services or Central Services

    • Indian Audit and Accounts Service
    • Indian Civil Accounts Service 
    • Indian Corporate Law Service 
    • Indian Defence Accounts Service
    • Indian Defence Estates Service
    • Indian Information Service, Junior Grade
    • Indian Postal Service, Group
    • Indian P&T Accounts and Finance Service
    • Indian Railway Protection Force Service
    • Indian Revenue Service (Customs & Indirect Taxes)
    • Indian Revenue Service (Income Tax)
    • Indian Trade Service 

    Group B services or State services

    • Armed Forces Headquarters
    • Delhi, Andaman, and the Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Daman & Diu, and Dadra & Nagar Haveli Civil Service (DANICS)
    • Delhi, Andaman, and the Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Daman & Diu, and Dadra & Nagar Haveli Police Service (DANIPS).
    • Pondicherry Civil Service (PONDICS)

    UPSC job list with Salary

    All the posts start in the level 10 pay matrix and the pay band is between Rs. 56,100 and Rs. 2,50,000.

    UPSC Job salary of IAS officer

    IAS postsYears of ServicesGrade PayBasic Salary
    SDM, Undersecretary, Assistant Secretary1 to 4 years5400Rs. 56, 100
    ADM, Deputy Secretary, Under Secretary5 to 8 years6600Rs. 67,700
    DM, joint secretary, deputy secretary9 to 12 years7600Rs. 78, 800
    DM, Special Secretary cum commissioner. Director 13 to 16 years8700Rs. 1, 18, 500
    Divisional Commissioner, Secretary cum Commissioner, Joint Secretary16 to 24 years8700Rs. 1, 44, 200
    Divisional Commissioner, Principal Secretary, additional Secretary24 to 30 years12000Rs. 1, 82, 200
    Chief Secretary, Additional Chief Secretary30 to 33 yearsNARs. 2, 05, 400
    Cabinet Secretary and Secretary34 to 36 yearsNARs. 2, 25, 000
    Cabinet Secretary of India37+NARs. 2, 50, 00

    Salary of IPS officer per month in India

    IPS Officers RanksBasic Salary
    Deputy Superintendent of PoliceRs. 56,100
    Additional Superintendent of PoliceRs. 67,700
    Senior Superintendent of PoliceRs. 78,800
    Deputy Inspector General of PoliceRs. 1,31,100
    Inspector-General of PoliceRs. 1,44,200
    Director-General of PoliceRs. 2,05,400
    Director of CBI or IB/ DG of PoliceRs. 2,25,000
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    IFS- UPSC jobs list with salary

    Junior Time ScaleUnder SecretaryBasic Rs. 8000
    Senior Time ScaleUnder SecretaryRs. 10700
    Junior Administrative ScaleDeputy SecretaryRs. 12750
    Selection GradeCounselor DirectorRs. 15100
    Senior Administrative ScaleJoint SecretaryRs. 18400
    High Commissioner/AmbassadorForeign SecretaryRs. 26000

    IRS- UPSC jobs list

    IRS Officers PostsPay Scale
    Income Tax Assistant CommissionerRs. 15600 to 39100 plus Grade Pay Rs.5400
    Income Tax Joint CommissionerRs. 15600 to 39100 plus Grade Pay Rs.6600
    Income Tax Deputy CommissionerRs. 15600 to 39100 plus Grade Pay Rs.7600
    Additional Commissioner of Income TaxRs. 37400 to 67000 plus Grade Pay Rs.8700
    Income Tax CommissionerRs. 37400 to 67000 plus Grade Pay Rs. 10000
    Income Tax Chief CommissionerRs. 75000. to 80000
    Principal Commissioner of Income TaxRs. 75000. to 80000
    Principal Chief Commissioner of Income TaxRs. 80 thousand (fixed)
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    UPSC Jobs – Eligibility:

    Nationality: 

    For the Indian Administrative Service, the Indian Foreign Service, and the Indian Police Service, a candidate must be a citizen of India. 

    (2) For other services, a candidate must be either:— 

    (a) a citizen of India or (b) a subject of Nepal 

    (c) a subject of Bhutan 

    (d) a Tibetan refugee who came over to India before 1st January 1962 intending to permanently settle in India 

    (e) a person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia, and Vietnam intending to permanently settle in India. Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (b), (c), (d) and (e) shall be a person in whose favour a certificate of eligibility has been issued by the Government of India. A candidate in whose case a certificate of eligibility is necessary may be admitted to the examination but the offer of appointment may be given only after the necessary eligibility certificate has been issued to him/her by the Government of India. 

    Minimum Educational Qualification: 

    CriteriaDetails
    Minimum Educational QualificationA candidate must hold a Graduate degree from any recognized University incorporated by an Act of the central or State Legislature in India, or other institutions established by an Act of Parliament, or deemed as a University under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956, or possess an equivalent qualification.
    Age Limit(1) A candidate must be at least 21 years old and not older than 32 years.
    Age RelaxationThe upper age limit can be relaxed as follows:
    (a) Scheduled Caste/Tribe (SC/ST)Up to 5 years
    (b) Other Backward Classes (OBC)Up to 3 years (for candidates eligible for reservation)
    (c) Defence Services PersonnelUp to 3 years (if disabled in operations during hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area and released as a result)
    (d) Ex-Servicemen/Commissioned Officers (ECOs/SSCOs)Up to 5 years (for Ex-servicemen including ECOs/Short Service Commissioned Officers who have completed at least 5 years of Military Service and released)
    (e) ECOs/SSCOsUp to 5 years (for those who have completed 5 years of Military Service and whose assignment has been extended)
    (f) Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwBD)Up to 10 years (for candidates with disabilities including: blindness/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing, locomotor disability such as cerebral palsy, leprosy cured, dwarfism, acid attack victims, muscular dystrophy, autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disabilities, mental illness, multiple disabilities including deaf-blindness)

    A candidate must hold a Graduate degree from any of the Universities incorporated by an Act of the central or State Legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 or possess an equivalent qualification.

    Age: 

    (1) A candidate must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have attained the age of 32 years 

    (2) The upper age limit prescribed above will be relaxable: 

    (a) up to a maximum of five years if a candidate belongs to a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe; 

    (b) up to a maximum of three years in the case of candidates belonging to Other Backward Classes who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates; 

    (c) up to a maximum of three years in the case of Defence Services Personnel, disabled in operations during hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area and released as a consequence thereof; 

    (d) up to a maximum of five years in the case of ex-servicemen including Commissioned Officers and Emergency Commissioned Officers (ECOs)/ Short Service Commissioned Officers (SSCOs) who have rendered at least five years of Military Service 

    (e) up to a maximum of five years in the case of ECOs/SSCOs who have completed an initial period of assignment of five years of Military Service 

    (f) up to a maximum of 10 years in the case of candidates belonging to Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwBD) categories viz. (i) blindness and low vision; (ii) deaf and hard of hearing; (iii) locomotor disability including cerebral palsy, leprosy cured, dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular dystrophy; (iv) autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disability, and mental illness; (v) multiple disabilities from amongst person under clauses (i) to (iv) including deaf-blindness

    Number of Attempts: 

    Every candidate appearing at the examination, who is otherwise eligible, shall be permitted six (6) attempts at the CSE. However, relaxation in the number of attempts will be available to the SC/ST/OBC and PwBD category candidates who are otherwise eligible. The number of attempts available to such candidates as per relaxation is as under: 

    Fees: 

    Candidates (excepting Female/SC/ST/Persons with Benchmark Disability Candidates who are exempted from payment of fee) are required to pay a fee of Rs. 100/- (Rupees One Hundred only) 

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    How to Clear UPSC CSE!

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    Online Workshop on CSE Prep. Strategy

    Guys, though we have provided above the most comprehensive details for your CSE preparation, we would like to recommend you have a personalized mentor. Because UPSC CSE is a hard nut to crack.

    Guys, successful and unsuccessful people do not vary greatly in their abilities. They vary in their desires to reach their goal.

    Getting confused? connect with us. We will help you to make out.

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  • IPS Officers Salary

    ‘

    ‘Becoming a dauntless IPS officer is the dream of millions of Indian Youths. But fulfilled by a few. Dedication, Motivation, Smart work, Confidence, Consistency and Personalized Mentors’ Guidance are the 5 pillars of success.‘

    click: attend online workshop on ips preparation with toppers’ mentors

    Table of Content

    IPS salary

    The salary of an IPS/IAS officer is calculated by using the formula:

    Total salary of IPS officer = Basic Pay + DA + TA + HRA + Other Allowances.

    • DA – Dearness Allowance
    • TA – Travel Allowances
    • HRA – House Rent Allowances

    Salary of IPS officer per month in India

    IPS Officers RanksBasic Salary
    Deputy Superintendent of PoliceRs. 56,100
    Additional Superintendent of PoliceRs. 67,700
    Senior Superintendent of PoliceRs. 78,800
    Deputy Inspector General of PoliceRs. 1,31,100
    Inspector-General of PoliceRs. 1,44,200
    Director-General of PoliceRs. 2,05,400
    Director of CBI or IB/ DG of PoliceRs. 2,25,000

    IPS salary in India per month (Maximum)

    The salary and allowances of a civil servant (IAS, IPS, IFS, IRS, Etc.) are decided by the Government of India. But they are paid by the respective State Government IPS officers salary, like IAS officers, starts under the pay level 10 of the 7th pay commission and can move up to pay level 18.

    The maximum salary level is the Director General of police of India with a pay scale of 2,50,000 (fixed) and years of service vary.

    IPS salary in India

    As per the latest 7th Pay Commission, the starting and entry-level salary of an IPS officer is ₹56100 which leads to ₹56100 – 132000 per month. 

    After years of service and with each promotion, IPS salary increases every month in India. 

    The highest post of DGP in India translates to around ₹2,50,000 per month. This is after 37+ years of service as an IPS officer. 

    IPS salary per month also includes DA which is 9% which is Rs 2.5 lakh per month + 9% or about Rs 32.7 lakh per annum

    IAS vs IPS Salary

    The amount salary of an IAS or an IPS is mostly the same. 

    Salary for both IAS and IPS officers starts from INR 56,100 excluding TA, DA, and HRA The maximum monthly salary of an IAS officer can reach INR 2,50,000 for a Cabinet Secretary. 

    Similarly, the maximum salary of an IPS salary can reach INR 2,50,00 for a DGP.

     As you can see the salary is the same, but the salaries depend on seniority and position.

    IPS salary, promotion, online workshop on IAS/IPS Prep

    IPS/IAS-SalaryDetails
    During trainingApprox: 33, 000 – 36, 000. Deduction applicable
    IPS SalaryRs. 56,100 to 2.5 Lakh
    IPS salary pay commission7th Pay commission
    IPS Salary + AllowancesDA, TA, HRA, Medical, Etc.
    IAS vs IPS SalaryIPS (56, 100-2.5 Lakh), IAS (Same as IPS)
    IPS vs IFA SalaryIPS (56, 100-2.5 Lakh), IFS (90, 000+)
    Highest PromotionDirector General of Police (CBI, IB, Etc.)

    Guys, though we have provided above the most comprehensive details for your IAS/IPS preparation, we would like to recommend you to have a personalized mentor. Because UPSC-CSE is a hard nut to crack.

    Guys, successful and unsuccessful people do not vary greatly in their abilities. They vary in their desires to reach their goal.

    Getting confused? connect with us. We will help you to make out more.

    CLICK:- ATTEND (FREE) ONLINE WORKSHOP ON IPS PREPARATION WITH SENIOR IPS/IAS MENTOR

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