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BHARATI Initiative

Why in the News? The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) has launched the BHARATI initiative — Bharat’s Hub for Agritech, Resilience, Advancement and Incubation for Export Enablement. About BHARATI Initiative: Launched by: APEDA (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority) in September 2025. Purpose: To incubate and empower 100 agri-food… Continue reading BHARATI Initiative

20 Years of MGNREGS

Why in the News? On the 20th anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005, concerns were raised over chronic underfunding of the scheme during the past decade. About MGNREGS: Overview: MGNREGS is a rights-based Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched under the MGNREGA Act of 2005 to ensure the Right to Work for rural… Continue reading 20 Years of MGNREGS

Autonomous Weapons: Changing Geometrics of Battlefield ?

N4S India’s embrace of autonomous weapons marks a strategic leap in modern warfare, but it risks outpacing accountability and global norms. UPSC often asks internal security questions rooted in emerging threats – like the 2023 drone question-but aspirants often reduce drones to mere gadgets, missing deeper themes like AI warfare, border management, and strategic autonomy.… Continue reading Autonomous Weapons: Changing Geometrics of Battlefield ?

[5th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: GST 2.0 is a landmark in India’s Tax Journey

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2020] Explain the rationale behind the Goods and Services Tax (Compensation to States) Act of 2017. How has COVID-19 impacted the GST compensation fund and created new federal tensions? Linkage: The GST (Compensation to States) Act, 2017 was meant to assure states of revenue stability post-GST rollout, but COVID-19 strained the fund,… Continue reading [5th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: GST 2.0 is a landmark in India’s Tax Journey

Should Commercial speech on digital platform be regulated

Introduction On August 25, 2025, the Supreme Court of India asked the Union government to frame guidelines for regulating social media content, noting that influencers often commercialise speech in ways that offend vulnerable groups. The case arose from derogatory remarks made by comedians about persons with Spinal Muscular Atrophy. While well-intentioned, the order has raised… Continue reading Should Commercial speech on digital platform be regulated

India-China: the making of a border

Introduction The India–China boundary, stretching for about 3,488 km, is one of the longest disputed borders in the world. Unlike clearly demarcated international frontiers, this boundary runs through the Himalayas and remains unsettled in large parts. The two major areas of dispute are Aksai Chin in the western sector, occupied by China but claimed by… Continue reading India-China: the making of a border

In news: Strait of Malacca

Why in the News? Singapore’s PM has acknowledged India’s intent to join the Malacca Straits Patrol (currently undertaken by Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Singapore). About Strait of Malacca: Location: Narrow waterway in Southeast Asia, between the Malay Peninsula (northeast) and Sumatra, Indonesia (southwest). Length & Width: Extends about 800–900 km; width varies from 65 km… Continue reading In news: Strait of Malacca

Centre approves creation of ‘Environment Auditors’

Why in the News? The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has introduced the Environment Audit Rules, 2025, creating an independent class of Environment Auditors. Who are the Environment Auditors? Overview: Independent, certified professionals comparable to Chartered Accountants, but for environmental compliance. Accreditation: Certification and registration granted by the Environment Audit Designated Agency… Continue reading Centre approves creation of ‘Environment Auditors’

What is Free Movement Regime (FMR)?

Why in the News? Ahead of PM Modi’s Manipur visit, United Naga Council (UNC) has announced a trade embargo from against the India–Myanmar border fence and the suspension of the Free Movement Regime (FMR). About the Free Movement Regime (FMR): Overview: Introduced in the 1970s, FMR allowed residents within 16 km of the India–Myanmar border… Continue reading What is Free Movement Regime (FMR)?

[4th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Concealing a judge’s dissent, eroding judiciary’s authority

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2023] Constitutionally guaranteed judicial independence is a prerequisite of democracy. Comment. Linkage: The 2023 PYQ on judicial independence as a prerequisite of democracy directly relates to the Collegium debate. Concealing Justice Nagarathna’s dissent shows how opacity undermines independence by eroding legitimacy and public trust. True independence requires not just freedom from external… Continue reading [4th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Concealing a judge’s dissent, eroding judiciary’s authority

India’s recent maritime reforms need course correction

Introduction India’s maritime laws, some over a century old, were recently overhauled through the Ports Bill, Merchant Shipping Act, Coastal Shipping Act, and Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill (2025). The reforms aim to modernise governance, boost ease of doing business, and enhance India’s maritime role. Yet, concerns remain over centralisation, weakened ownership safeguards, excessive… Continue reading India’s recent maritime reforms need course correction

Should reservations exceed the 50% cap?

Introduction Reservations have always stood at the crossroads of social justice and equality of opportunity in India. While Articles 15 and 16 of the Constitution of India empower the state to address historical discrimination, the judicially imposed 50% cap has often clashed with demands for greater inclusivity. Recent developments, from Maharashtra’s acceptance of Maratha demands… Continue reading Should reservations exceed the 50% cap?

Breaking the Chain : How India Can Cut Its Import Reliance on Rare Earths ?

N4S:  Rare earths and critical minerals are crucial for India’s clean energy, defence, and economic future.  UPSC often frames broad questions – like on energy security or sustainable development and asks aspirants to link them with India’s raw material needs, as seen in the 2013 PYQ on atomic energy. But many stop at listing reserves… Continue reading Breaking the Chain : How India Can Cut Its Import Reliance on Rare Earths ?

GST Council approves two-rate tax slab effective September 22

Why in the News? In its 56th meeting, the Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council approved a two-rate structure with special category rates, effective 22 September 2025. What is GST? Overview: A comprehensive, multi-stage, destination-based indirect tax on goods and services. Launch: Introduced 1 July 2017 via 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016. Objective: “One Nation,… Continue reading GST Council approves two-rate tax slab effective September 22

[pib] Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS)

Why in the News? The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) recently organized a national workshop on the e-SAKSHI web portal and mobile app for the Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS). About MPLADS: Overview: A Central Sector Scheme, launched in 1993, to empower MPs to recommend developmental works in their constituencies,… Continue reading [pib] Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS)

[pib] Coconut Development Board (CDB)

Why in the News? The World Coconut Day (2nd September) was recently celebrated by the Coconut Development Board (CDB). About Coconut Development Board (CDB): Establishment: Created on 12 January 1981; statutory body under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. Headquarters & Offices: HQ at Kochi, Kerala; regional offices in Bengaluru, Chennai, Guwahati, and Patna.… Continue reading [pib] Coconut Development Board (CDB)

Foreigners Tribunal (FT) can issue Arrest Warrants

Why in the News? The Union Home Ministry empowered Foreigners Tribunals (FTs), especially in Assam, to detain suspected illegal immigrants in designated camps, a power earlier exercised only through executive orders. About Foreigners Tribunal (FT): Nature: Quasi-judicial bodies constituted under the Foreigners (Tribunal) Order, 1964, framed under the Foreigners Act, 1946. Purpose: Decide whether a… Continue reading Foreigners Tribunal (FT) can issue Arrest Warrants

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