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Two New Ramsar Sites in Rajasthan

Why in the News? India has added two new wetlands—Khichan in Phalodi and Menar in Udaipur, both located in Rajasthan—to the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. With these additions, India’s total number of Ramsar sites has reached 91. Khichan and Menar Wetlands: Khichan (Phalodi District): It is internationally famous for hosting thousands of… Continue reading

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UPSC 2024 AIR 3 Archit Dongre

[4th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: A strategy fuelled by vision, powered by energy

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2022] How will India transform from being a net import dependent country to a net export dependent in renewable energy by 2030 ? Justify your answer. How will the shift of subsidies from fossil fuels to renewables help achieve the above objective? Explain. Linkage: “A strategy fuelled by vision, powered by energy”… Continue reading

Building-Integrated Photovoltaics: converting buildings into solar assets

Why in the News? India’s rooftop solar (RTS) capacity has gone beyond 17 GW, showing good progress in using clean energy in cities. But in crowded urban areas, there isn’t enough space for more rooftop solar panels. What is Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV)? BIPV refers to the integration of photovoltaic materials directly into the building envelope… Continue reading

India-Australia defence ties beyond American shadows

Why in the News? Donald Trump’s push to return as U.S. President and his deal-based approach to security have led to doubts being raised about America’s strong support for global alliances like NATO and Indo-Pacific ties. As a result, a key chance is being presented to countries like India and Australia to take on a… Continue reading

Integral Humanism: The Philosophy of Deendayal Upadhyay

Why in the News? A mainstream political party is celebrating 60 years of Integral Humanism (Ekatm Manav-vad), a political philosophy introduced by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya. About Deendayal Upadhyaya and His Contributions: Birth and Legacy: Born on September 25, 1916, in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh; his birth anniversary is marked as Antyodaya Diwas since 2014. RSS and… Continue reading

IISc develops Nanozyme to prevent Abnormal Blood Clotting

Why in the News? Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have created an artificial metal-based nanozyme that can help prevent dangerous blood clotting, especially in conditions like pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and COVID-19. What is Blood Clotting? About: When we get a cut or injury, our body quickly stops the bleeding by forming a… Continue reading

Appointment and Removal of High Court Judges

Why in the News? The Centre will bring a motion of removal against a Judge of the Allahabad High Court and has initiated the process of building an all-party consensus for this action. Qualifications of Judges of High Court: Article 217(2) of the Constitution states that a person is qualified if: They have held judicial… Continue reading

Making a Law cannot amount to Contempt of Court: Supreme Court

Why in the News? The Hon’ble Supreme Court has ruled that any law passed by Parliament or a State Legislature cannot be considered an act of contempt of court. Supreme Court’s Verdict on the Issue: Context: The Court heard a 2012 contempt plea, alleging that the Chhattisgarh government violated its 2011 ruling against supporting Salwa… Continue reading

National Polio Surveillance Network (NPSN)

Why in the News? The Indian government has proposed a phased winding down of the National Polio Surveillance Network (NPSN), a WHO-established network critical to tracking and eliminating polio in India. About National Polio Surveillance Network (NPSN): Launch : The NPSN was established in 1997 as a collaboration between the World Health Organization (WHO) and the… Continue reading

Thermophilic Bacteria in Rajgir Hot Spring could help fight Deadly Infections

Why in the News? Researchers from the Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) have discovered antibiotic-producing bacteria in the Rajgir hot spring in Nalanda, Bihar. What are Thermophilic Bacteria? About: Thermophilic bacteria, or thermophiles (meaning “heat lovers”), are microorganisms that thrive in high-temperature environments ranging from 45°C to 70°C. Adaptation: These temperatures can cause third-degree burns… Continue reading

Expert Committee recommends ending mandatory Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD)

Why in the News? A high-powered committee chaired by Principal Scientific Advisor (PSA) Ajay Sood has proposed that India should discontinue the mandatory use of Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) units in most coal-fired Thermal Power Plants (TPPs). Why mandatory FGDs are opposed? Low SO₂ Levels: India’s SO₂ levels (10–20 µg/m³) are already below the permissible… Continue reading

PM to launch Aravalli Green Wall Project

Why in the News? On June 5, World Environment Day, Prime Minister Narendra Modi is expected to launch the Aravalli Green Wall Project. About the Aravallis: Geology: The Aravalli Range is one of the oldest fold mountain ranges in the world, formed during the Proterozoic era. Spread: It stretches for about 692 km, from Gujarat… Continue reading

[3rd June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Strengthening the U.S.-India subsea cable agenda

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2024] The West is fostering India as an alternative to reduce dependence on China’s supply chain and as a strategic ally to counter China’s political and economic dominance.’ Explain this statement with examples. Linkage: The strategic imperative of countering China’s influence and building alternative supply chains and alliances, which is a primary… Continue reading

Monsoon woes: On the southwest monsoon and the northeast

Why in the News? In 2025, the Southwest Monsoon, which plays a vital role in India’s farming economy, brought heavy and destructive rains. Instead of simply starting the farming season, it has caused widespread damage across the northeastern states. Why is the northeastern region particularly vulnerable to monsoon-related disasters? Geographical Terrain and River Systems: The… Continue reading

Why has net FDI inflow plummeted?

Why in the News? The RBI Bulletin (May 2025) reports that India received a record-breaking $81 billion in gross FDI inflows in FY 2024-25, but retained only $353 million in net FDI, revealing a dramatic divergence in the investment narrative. What do gross and net FDI trends indicate about India’s investment climate? Gross FDI inflows… Continue reading

‘Bharat Gen’ AI-based multimodal LLM for Indian languages launched

Why in the News? Union Minister of State for Science & Technology has launched ‘Bharat Gen’, India’s first indigenously developed AI-based Large Language Model (LLM) tailored for Indian languages. About Bharat Gen: What is it: Bharat Gen is India’s first homegrown AI-based multimodal large language model (LLM) supporting 22 Indian languages. Developed By: Created under… Continue reading

Kheer Bhawani Festival

Why in the News? The recent terror attack in Pahalgam has led to lower turnout at the annual Jyestha Ashtami festival at the Kheer Bhawani temple in Kashmir. About the Kheer Bhawani Festival: What is it: The Kheer Bhawani Festival, also called Mela Kheer Bhawani, is celebrated every year on Jyestha Ashtami by the Kashmiri… Continue reading

SHUKR Gene in Flowering Plants

Why in the News? Flowering plants appeared around 130 million years ago and rapidly diversified, puzzling scientists including Charles Darwin, who called it an “abominable mystery”. A new study by CSIR-CCMB, Hyderabad, has identified the SHUKR gene, which controls pollen development in flowering plants. About the SHUKR Gene in Flowering Plants What is SHUKR? It… Continue reading

What if China stops Brahmaputra Water?

Why in the News? Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma dismissed Pakistan’s claim about China blocking the Brahmaputra’s water as a baseless panic tactic with no scientific substance. Sarma’s Clarification on the Brahmaputra Issue: Brahmaputra is an Indian river and not fully controlled by China. Only about 30–35% of the river’s flow comes from China, mainly… Continue reading

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