Why in the News?

This newscard is an excerpt from the original article published in The Hindu.

Remembering Batukeshwar Dutt (1910–1965)

About Batukeshwar Dutt (1910 to 1965):

Early Life: Born 18 November 1910 in Burdwan, Bengal Presidency; educated at Theosophical High School and Prithvinath College, Kanpur.
Political Affiliations: Joined Hindustan Socialist Republican Association and Naujawan Bharat Sabha; became a close associate of Bhagat Singh during his Kanpur days.
Jail Endurance: Known for remarkable resilience in Multan, Jhelum, Trichinopoly, Salem, and Andaman Cellular Jail.
Later Imprisonment: Released in 1938; joined Quit India Movement in 1942 and jailed again for four years.
Life Post-Independence: Settled in Patna, married Anjali; daughter Bharti became a professor.
Death: Died on 20 July 1965 at AIIMS Delhi from bone cancer.
Last Wish: Cremated at Hussainiwala, beside Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev.

Assembly Bombing (8 April 1929): Co-executed the Central Legislative Assembly bombing with Bhagat Singh to protest colonial repression; bombs were non-lethal.
Political Message: Threw pamphlets, shouted “Inquilab Zindabad,” and refused to escape, converting the trial into a political platform.
Sentencing: Received life imprisonment on 12 June 1929 in the Delhi Assembly Bomb Case.
Cellular Jail: Deported to Andamans; repeatedly led hunger strikes demanding recognition of political prisoners.
Long Fasts: Undertook multiple prolonged fasts, including two over a month long.
Prison Transfers: Shifted through Multan, Jhelum, Hazaribagh, Delhi and Patna jails.
Post-Illness Activism: Continued revolutionary involvement even after severe health decline; joined Quit India after release.
Cultural Protest: Criticised misrepresentation of revolutionaries in films; approved only Manoj Kumar’s 1965 film Shaheed.

Early Bond: Met Bhagat Singh in Kanpur and was shaped by his discipline and ideological clarity.
Joint Action: Collaborated closely in HSRA; jointly executed the Assembly bombing as symbolic resistance.
Hunger Strike: Participated with Singh in the historic 114 day hunger strike for humane jail conditions.
After the Martyrdom: News of Singh’s execution (23 March 1931) reached him in Salem jail; he was haunted by visions of Singh.
Family Ties: Maintained lifelong connection with Bhagat Singh’s family; Mata Vidyawati stayed with him during his last illness.
Comradeship: Supported through final days by HSRA comrades like Shiv Verma, Sadashivrao Malkapurkar, and Kiran Das.

[UPSC 2022] Consider the following freedom fighters:

1. Barindra Kumar Ghosh 2. Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee 3. Rash Behari Bose

Who of the above was/were actively associated with the Ghadar Party?

Options: (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only (c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 only*