Why in News?
The US Supreme Court struck down President Donald Trump’s executive order seeking to end birthright citizenship, reaffirming that children born in the United States are citizens under the Fourteenth Amendment regardless of their parents’ immigration status.
What is Birthright Citizenship?
- Birthright citizenship is the automatic acquisition of citizenship by virtue of birth. There are two main principles:
- Jus Soli (Right of the Soil): Citizenship is granted based on place of birth.
- Jus Sanguinis (Right of Blood): Citizenship is determined by the nationality of one or both parents.
US Position
- Governed by the Fourteenth Amendment (1868).
- Provides citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to its jurisdiction.
- Intended originally to guarantee citizenship to formerly enslaved people after the American Civil War.
- Recognizes limited exceptions: Children of foreign diplomats. Children of enemy forces during hostile occupation.
[2021] With reference to India, consider the following statements:
1. There is only one citizenship and one domicile.
2. A Citizen by birth only can become the Head of State.
3. A foreigner once granted the citizenship cannot be deprived of it under any circumstance.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[A] 1 only
[B] 2 only
[C] 1 and 3
[D] 2 and 3