Why in News?
India has joined the NeoSep1 international trial to evaluate effective antibiotic combinations for treating antimicrobial resistant (AMR) neonatal sepsis.
Key Highlights
- NeoSep1 is a multicentric clinical trial led by GARDP and international partners.
- India’s first participants were enrolled at:
- JIPMER, Puducherry
- PGIMS, Rohtak
- The trial aims to enrol 3,000 newborns across Asia and Africa by 2028.
- Uses a Personalised Randomised Controlled Trial (PRACTical) design to identify the most effective antibiotic regimens.
- Primary outcome: 28 day survival; secondary outcomes include 90 day survival, hospital stay, and need for additional antibiotics.
Neonatal Sepsis
- A life threatening bloodstream infection in infants below 90 days of age.
- Classified as:
- Early onset: Within 72 hours of birth.
- Late onset: Up to 28 to 90 days after birth.
- Premature and low birth weight babies are at the highest risk.
India and AMR
- Accounts for 30 to 40% of neonatal deaths in India.
- Causes an estimated 2 to 2.5 lakh preventable deaths annually.
- Predominant pathogens: Klebsiella pneumoniae. Escherichia coli. Acinetobacter spp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- These organisms often exhibit multidrug resistance, unlike developed countries where Group B Streptococcus is the leading cause.
[2019] Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?
1. Genetic predisposition of some people
2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases
3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming
4. Multiple chronic diseases in some people
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[A] 1 and 2
[B] 2 and 3 only
[C] 1, 3 and 4
[D] 2, 3 and 4