N4S: India’s obesity crisis is rising fast, fueled by junk food, weak regulations, and lifestyle changes. UPSC often asks about public health crises through a mix of policy, causes, and impact-based questions (PYQ: “Can overuse and availability of antibiotics contribute to drug resistance?” [GS 3, 2014]). Aspirants usually falter in linking different aspects—policy failures, economic… Continue reading India’s Obesity Epidemic: Who is Responsible, and What Can Be Done?

N4S: UPSC often asks questions about India’s space sector by linking technology with governance, economy, and global partnerships (e.g., India’s role in commercial space or policy hurdles). Many aspirants struggle because they focus only on technology and ISRO’s achievements but ignore policy, private sector participation, and global trends. This article bridges that gap by covering… Continue reading INDIA’S SPACE JOURNEY : Can India Build a Thriving Space Economy?

GS Paper 1: Indian Society, Geography: Distribution of Key Natural Resources, Industrialization, Urbanization and Globalization Note4Students: Examine the geographical distribution of critical minerals like lithium and cobalt, emphasizing Africa’s role in India’s supply chain and industrialization efforts. Microtheme : Natural Resource Potential GS Paper 2: Governance, International Relations, and Social Justice: Effect of Policies and… Continue reading India’s Critical Mineral Security: Navigating Challenges in a Resource-Dependent Economy

N4S: This article breaks down the appointment process of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) and what it means for institutional independence. It raises a simple but crucial question—how can an auditor truly be independent if the very government they audit is the one appointing them? The recent Supreme Court intervention has brought this issue… Continue reading CAG: Is India’s Top Auditor Truly Independent?

N4S: India’s big summits often grab headlines, but their real impact lies in shaping global politics. UPSC tests whether aspirants can go beyond buzzwords and understand how diplomacy translates into power shifts. Memorizing summit names isn’t enough—what matters is connecting them to India’s strategic positioning, as seen in questions like India as an alternative to… Continue reading Summit Diplomacy: India’s Global Spotlight or a Diplomatic Gamble ?

Corruption and red tape make doing business in India difficult. This article breaks down how these issues hurt economic growth, scare away investors, and kill the startup spirit. The UPSC often asks questions that test an aspirant’s ability to connect corruption with governance, economic impact, and ethical dilemmas (e.g., “Non-performance of duty by a public… Continue reading Reforming Compliance Frameworks: Is A Digital-First Approach the Need of the Hour ?

A national budget isn’t just about numbers—it’s a roadmap that reflects a country’s economic goals, governance approach, and policy priorities. In a democracy, the power to oversee public spending should rest with the people’s representatives, ensuring financial discipline, transparency, and accountability. However, in India, Parliament plays a minimal role in shaping the Budget. Instead of… Continue reading India’s Parliament: A Silent Spectator in Budget Decisions

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming industries worldwide, but in India, it’s also creating new challenges—especially for IT services and consulting firms. As AI regulations evolve, businesses must navigate complex legal and compliance issues that could impact their competitiveness in the global market. Recently, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) issued an advisory to… Continue reading India’s AI Ambitions: Can Innovation Thrive Under Regulation?

The pharmacy of the Global South is facing a reputation crisis after cough syrups made by Indian pharmaceutical companies were found to contain harmful levels of diethylene glycol and/or ethylene glycol. Why is the pharmacy of the Global South facing a reputation crisis? How does this impact India’s hegemony? What is the extent of India’s… Continue reading Bitter Medicine: Can India’s Pharma Industry Survive Its Quality Scandals

Australia’s Confidence in India’s Economic Future Australia anticipates that India will become the world’s third-largest economy by 2030 and has identified key sectors as the “Superhighways of Growth” in its new roadmap for economic engagement. Key Sectors Driving Growth 1. Clean Energy 2. Education and Skills 3. Agribusiness and Tourism Why does Australia Consider Itself… Continue reading Australia’s Economic Engagement with India: Key Insights

Note4Students: India-Myanmar relations have faced increasing challenges following recent decisions by the India to fence the India-Myanmar border. While approaching IR, we usually study neighborhood policies and bilateral relations between the countries. But what we conveniently miss out on is knowing the domestic crisis in the neighbourhood and its impact on India’ bilateral relations. If… Continue reading India-Myanmar Relations Amid Myanmar Civil War

N4S: This article dives deep into the care economy, exploring how unpaid care work -mostly done by women – shapes the economy but remains invisible in GDP calculations. It also evaluates Budget 2025 to see if it addresses these concerns. UPSC has explored questions on budget provisions, economic structures and social issues, often in an… Continue reading The Invisible Care Economy: Does Budget 2025 Recognize the its Contribution?

PYQs Anchoring: Microthemes: Judiciary Justice Yashwant Varma, a sitting judge of the Delhi High Court, was allegedly found with a pile of unaccounted cash at his residence on March 14, 2025. Key Ethical Principles for Judges: Code of Conduct Principle Description Example Implication Impartiality Judges must ensure fairness and remain neutral, avoiding any bias based… Continue reading Need for Judicial Code of Conduct

NOTE4STUDENTS: The article explains the key updates in the UGC Draft Regulations, 2025. It covers changes in Vice-Chancellor (VC) appointments, teacher recruitment, and the larger debate on federalism in higher education. UPSC often explores education policies under governance, federalism, and social issues. Many struggle to connect current affairs to syllabus topics like governance and federalism,… Continue reading Autonomy or Overregulation: Are the New UGC Guidelines a Step Forward?

NOTE4STUDENTS This article explores the environmental costs of coal mining, India’s SO₂ emission norms, and the repeated delays in compliance. UPSC focuses on the development vs. environment debate. Questions often ask aspirants to discuss the inevitability of coal mining despite its environmental impact. They test understanding of policies, challenges, and solutions. The key is to… Continue reading Powering the Nation: How Can Thermal Plants Become More Sustainable

Note4Students: With the rise in demand for STEM research, higher education needs a refresh—better infrastructure, funding, and more. In GS-2, UPSC often zooms in on specific trends, like academic independence, rather than broad challenges. So, understanding how STEM research links up with higher education is key. This article breaks down these connections with data and… Continue reading How Can India Close the Gaps in STEM and Higher Education?