[6th October 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Treating employment as a national priority

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2022] Economic growth in the recent past has been led by increase in labour productivity. Explain this statement. Suggest the growth pattern that will lead to creation of more jobs without compromising labour productivity Linkage: The article highlights that India needs consistent, job-oriented growth policies focusing on labour-intensive sectors like textiles, tourism,… Continue reading

India’s direction for disaster resilience

Introduction India’s approach to disaster management has entered a new phase, one that focuses not only on response and recovery but equally on risk reduction, preparedness, and resilience. With climate change intensifying heat waves, floods, and landslides, the country’s policy architecture, led by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and the National Disaster Management Authority… Continue reading

Why is ADR crucial for India’s courts?

Introduction India’s courts are gasping under the weight of delays. According to the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG), there are 4.57 crore pending cases, with nearly 63 lakh in High Courts and over 80,000 in the Supreme Court. For many citizens, justice delayed has become justice denied. Against this backdrop, the government’s renewed commitment to… Continue reading

Southeast Asia’s Coral Cryobank Initiative

Why in the News? The Philippines is establishing Southeast Asia’s first Coral Larvae Cryobank at the Coral Triangle to preserve and restore coral species using advanced cryogenic techniques. What is the Coral Triangle? Extent: A 5.7 million sq km marine zone covering Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, and Timor-Leste. Biodiversity: Hosts… Continue reading

Cyclone Shakhti forms over Arabian Sea

Why in the News? The India Meteorological Department (IMD) confirmed the formation of Cyclone Shakthi (named by Sri Lanka) over the northeast Arabian Sea. About Cyclogenesis in the Arabian Sea: Overview: Cyclogenesis is the formation and intensification of tropical cyclones under favourable oceanic and atmospheric conditions. Seasonality: Most active during pre-monsoon (Apr–Jun) and post-monsoon (Oct–Dec)… Continue reading

India’s only Mud Volcano erupts after 20-years in Andamans

Why in the News? India’s only mud volcano at Baratang Island in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands erupted after remaining dormant for over two decades. Note: The Barren Island has erupted recently. India’s only active lava volcano, located about 140 km from Port Blair. Lies at the junction of the Indian and Burmese tectonic plates.… Continue reading

What are Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)?

Why in the News? Major Indian private sector corporations expressed formal interest in setting up Small Modular Reactor (SMR)-based nuclear projects as part of the ‘Bharat Small Modular Reactors (BSMR)’ programme. What is the Bharat Small Modular Reactors (BSMR) Programme? Overview: India’s flagship nuclear programme, led by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) and the… Continue reading

[pib] First Commercial Coal Mine in Arunachal Pradesh at Namchik-Namphuk

Why in the News? Arunachal Pradesh has launched its first commercial coal mine at the Namchik-Namphuk coal block in Changlang district. About the Namchik–Namphuk Coal Mine: Overview: Located in Changlang district, Arunachal Pradesh, is the state’s first commercial coal mine, situated near the Indo-Myanmar border. Reserves & Quality: Holds ~15 million tonnes of lignite/sub-bituminous coal,… Continue reading

NATO Pipeline System (NPS)

Why in the News? Poland announced its long-awaited entry into the NATO Pipeline System (NPS) — a strategic move coming 25 years after joining NATO. About the NATO Pipeline System (NPS): Origin: 1950s, Cold War-era logistics backbone, upgraded over decades. Purpose: Ensures continuous supply of aviation fuel, diesel, kerosene & lubricants to NATO forces. Scale:… Continue reading

[pib] Exercise KONKAN-25

Why in the News? Exercise KONKAN-25 has commenced off the western coast of India, marking two decades of India–UK maritime cooperation. About Exercise KONKAN: Nature & Objective: Exercise KONKAN is an annual bilateral maritime exercise between the Indian Navy and the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. Objective: To strengthen interoperability, joint maritime operations, and… Continue reading

[4th October 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: The maritime signalling after Operation Sindoor

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2022] What are the maritime security challenges in India? Discuss the organizational, technical and procedural initiatives taken to improve the maritime security. Linkage: The post-Operation Sindoor naval manoeuvres highlight India’s evolving response to maritime security challenges, reflecting the same organizational, technical, and procedural upgradation, from indigenous fleet expansion (INS Nistar) to enhanced… Continue reading

A red sunset? Why Maoist movement is on the decline

Introduction For nearly six decades, the Maoist insurgency has tested India’s state capacity, governance, and security architecture. Born from socio-economic inequalities and agrarian distress, it once posed a threat spanning the “Red Corridor” from Andhra Pradesh to Bihar. However, in 2025, India seems to be witnessing what could be a historical inflection point, a near… Continue reading

Sir Creek Border Dispute

Why in the News? Union Defence Minister recently warned Pakistan against misadventure in the Sir Creek region, stressing India’s resolve to defend its territorial integrity. About Sir Creek: Location & Geography: Sir Creek is a 96-km-long tidal estuary in the Rann of Kutch, forming part of the border between Gujarat (India) and Sindh (Pakistan). Physical… Continue reading

Thumri maestro Pandit Chhannulal Mishra passes away

Why in the News? Pandit Chhannulal Mishra, a maestro of Hindustani classical music and Padma Vibhushan recipient, passed away at 89. Who was Pandit Chhannulal Mishra? Background: Born in 1936 in Varanasi, Pandit Chhannulal Mishra emerged from a modest family to become one of India’s greatest Hindustani classical vocalists. Musical Lineage: Foremost exponent of the… Continue reading

Niti Aayog proposes Presumptive Taxation for Foreign Companies

Why in the News? NITI Aayog has released a working paper recommending the introduction of an optional presumptive taxation scheme for foreign companies operating in India. What is Presumptive Taxation? Overview: Presumptive taxation allows taxpayers to declare income at a fixed percentage (presumed rate) of total turnover or receipts without maintaining detailed books of accounts.… Continue reading

Can diaspora please stand up

Introduction The Indian-American diaspora is often hailed as one of the most successful immigrant groups in the United States, with the highest median household income among all ethnicities, six Fortune 500 CEOs, governors, Congress members, and leaders in federal agencies like the CDC and FBI. However, recent U.S. policy shifts, such as increased tariffs on… Continue reading

What are Flying Rivers/ Atmospheric Rivers?

Why in the News? Droughts and fires in South America highlight the importance of “flying rivers” — rain-bearing vapor streams disrupted by Amazon deforestation. What are Atmospheric Rivers? Overview: Long, narrow bands of concentrated water vapour in the lower atmosphere, often termed “rivers in the sky.” Dimensions: Typically 2,000–5,000 km long, 400–500 km wide, and… Continue reading

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