Why in the News?

India did not join a joint statement issued by 85 countries at the United Nations criticising Israel’s latest measures to tighten control over the West Bank.

Context

• The joint statement:
  • Condemned unilateral Israeli decisions in the West Bank.
  • Opposed any form of annexation.
  • Rejected measures altering the demographic character of Palestinian territories occupied since 1967, including East Jerusalem.
• The statement was endorsed by:
  • League of Arab States
  • European Union
  • BRICS founder members: Russia, China, Brazil, South Africa
  • Quad partners: Australia, Japan
• India stayed out of the statement.

Background: West Bank Issue

• The West Bank is a Palestinian territory occupied by Israel since 1967.
• Under the Oslo Accords (1993 to 1995):
  • Area A and Area B are administered by the Palestinian Authority.
  • Area C remains under Israeli control.
• Recent developments:
• The Knesset has passed measures to:
  • Ease land acquisition rules.
  • Increase checks on land documentation.
  • Expand administrative control.
• These steps are viewed by many countries as amounting to de facto annexation.

India’s Position

• India had earlier:
  • Voted at the UN in October 2025 criticising illegal annexation.
  • Supported a Palestinian state based on 1967 borders in the January 2026 Delhi Declaration.
• Current move seen as:
  • Diplomatic recalibration.
  • Possibly linked to high level bilateral engagement with Israel.

Key Concepts for Prelims

• Two State Solution

• • Creation of: Independent Israel and Independent Palestine based on pre 1967 borders

• Strategic Autonomy

• • India’s foreign policy principle of: Maintaining independent decision making and Avoiding bloc alignment

• West Bank Areas

• • Area A: Palestinian civil and security control
  • Area B: Palestinian civil control, Israeli security control
  • Area C: Full Israeli control

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