Why in the News?
The Chola-era Anaimangalam copper plates, popularly known as the Leiden copper plates, were returned to India from the Leiden University during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the Netherlands.
Key Highlights
- The copper plates had remained in Leiden University’s possession since 1862.
- Historians termed the repatriation a major step in returning India’s cultural heritage.
- Archaeologists also called for the return of the Velvikkudi copper plates from the British Museum.
About the Leiden Copper Plates
- Associated with Raja Raja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I.
- Record the grant of land at Anaimangalam near Nagapattinam for building a Buddhist vihara.
- The vihara was built by a Javanese ruler, Sri Mara Vijayotunga Varman.
Historical Significance
- Demonstrates religious tolerance during the Chola period.
- Shows a Shaivite Chola ruler supporting a Buddhist institution.
- Reflects India’s maritime and cultural links with Southeast Asia.
Features of the Plates
- Consist of:
- 21 large plates
- 3 small plates
- Written in:
- Sanskrit
- Tamil
- Plates carry Chola royal insignia:
- Tiger (Chola emblem)
- Fish (Pandya symbol)
- Bow (Chera symbol)
| [2025] Who among the following led a successful military campaign against the kingdom of Srivijaya, the powerful maritime state, which ruled the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and the neighbouring islands? (a) Amoghvarsha (Rashtrakuta) (b) Prataprudra (Kakatiya) (c) Rajendra 1 (Chola) (d) Vishnuvardhana (Hoysala) |
