Why in the News?
A new species of fish, named Schistura densiclava, has been discovered inside a limestone cave in Meghalaya, even as the cave was already in focus due to a conflict over a Shivalinga-like stone formation.
About Schistura Densiclava:
- Discovery Location: Schistura densiclava was discovered in Krem Mawjymbuin, a limestone cave in East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya.
- Research Team: The species was identified by a team led by Kangkan Sarma of Gauhati University’s Zoology Department.
- Type: It is a troglophile loach, meaning it lives in caves but can also survive in surface streams.
- Habitat Conditions: Found in a fast-flowing cave stream, 60 meters inside, with low oxygen and 18°C temperature.
- Family: Belongs to the Nemacheilidae family, which includes small, bottom-dwelling freshwater fishes.
Key Features:
- Body Color and Markings: The fish has a pale yellow-green body with 14 to 20 greyish-black bars along its sides.
- Name Meaning: “Densiclava” is Latin for “thick stripe,” referring to a dark stripe near the dorsal fin.
- Adaptation Traits: Unlike many cave species, it retains pigmentation and functional eyesight, helping it survive both underground and in surface waters.
- Sexual Dimorphism:
- Males are slimmer, have irregular body patterns, and have puffier cheeks.
- Females are more robust with uniform markings.
- Genetic Confirmation: DNA testing confirmed that this is a completely new species.
- Endemism: The fish appears to be endemic to Krem Mawjymbuin, meaning it is found nowhere else.
| [UPSC 2025] Regarding Peacock tarantula (Goody tarantula), consider the following statements:
I. It is an omnivorous crustacean. II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas. III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Options: (a) I only (b) I and III (c) II only (d) II and III |
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