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Why the ICJ’s advisory opinion on climate change opens the window for a new, restorative vision of environmental law in India

Why in the News? Recently, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivered a landmark advisory opinion on July 23, 2025, clarifying the legal obligations of states regarding climate change. Note: The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. While advisory opinions are not formally binding, they hold persuasive… Continue reading Why the ICJ’s advisory opinion on climate change opens the window for a new, restorative vision of environmental law in India

71st National Film Awards announced

Why in the News? The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has announced the 71st National Film Awards. About National Film Awards: Establishment: Instituted in 1954, administered by the Directorate of Film Festivals (DoFF) under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. Purpose: To encourage the production of films of aesthetic and technical excellence.… Continue reading 71st National Film Awards announced

Age Cap for Surrogacy in India

Why in the News? The Supreme Court of India has reserved its judgment (i.e. final decision is pending) in a set of petitions challenging the age-related eligibility criteria under the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021. These cases involve couples who had initiated the surrogacy process prior to the enactment of the law on January 25, 2022,… Continue reading Age Cap for Surrogacy in India

Patalpani-Kalakund Heritage Railway

Why in the News? The 155-year-old Patalpani–Kalakund heritage train services has resumed after a temporary halt. About the Patalpani–Kalakund Heritage Line: Route: 9.5 km metre-gauge section between Patalpani and Kalakund in Madhya Pradesh. Section: Part of the Dr. Ambedkar Nagar (Mhow)–Khandwa route. Restoration Year: Revived in 2018 as a heritage line after being excluded from… Continue reading Patalpani-Kalakund Heritage Railway

Piprahwa Relics of Buddha

Why in the News? The Union Culture Ministry has successfully retrieved the sacred ‘Piprahwa’ Buddhist relics, which were set to be auctioned in Hong Kong. About the Piprahwa Relics: Discovery: Unearthed in 1898 by William Claxton Peppe, a British engineer, at Piprahwa (Siddharthnagar, Uttar Pradesh), near the Nepal border. Historical Significance: Identified as ancient Kapilavastu,… Continue reading Piprahwa Relics of Buddha

[1st August 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Why the world needs better green technologies

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2024] The world is facing an acute shortage of clean and safe freshwater. What are the alternative technologies which can solve this crisis? Briefly discuss any three such technologies citing their key merits and demerits. Linkage: This question directly related to “alternative technologies” to address a critical global environmental and resource crisis… Continue reading [1st August 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Why the world needs better green technologies

Soured relations: The higher U.S. tariffs place India at a relative disadvantage

Why in the News? The 25% tariff plus penalty imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump on Indian imports has brought renewed attention to the strain in India-U.S. trade relations. Why did the U.S. impose a 25% tariff on Indian imports? High Tariff and Non-Tariff Barriers by India: The U.S. accused India of maintaining high import… Continue reading Soured relations: The higher U.S. tariffs place India at a relative disadvantage

The Maldives: A brief history of the nation and its ties with India

Why in the News? Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s two-day state visit to the Maldives (July 2025) marked a significant reset in bilateral ties after months of strain following the election of President Mohamed Muizzu, who had earlier run on an ‘India Out’ platform. What caused the India-Maldives ties reset under Muizzu? Troop Withdrawal &… Continue reading The Maldives: A brief history of the nation and its ties with India

What are Skill Impact Bonds (SIB)?

Why in the News? Skill Impact Bonds (SIB) were recently highlighted by the Skill Development Ministry. About the Skill Impact Bond: Launched: November 2021 Nature: India’s first Development Impact Bond (DIB) focused on employment-linked skill development Lead Agency: National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Collaborators: British Asian Trust,… Continue reading What are Skill Impact Bonds (SIB)?

[pib] Digital Payments Index (DPI)

Why in the News? According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), digital payments registered a 12.6% year-on-year rise as of March 31, 2024, as measured by the RBI’s Digital Payments Index (DPI). About RBI’s Digital Payments Index (DPI): Launched by: Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in January 2021 Purpose: Measures the extent of digital… Continue reading [pib] Digital Payments Index (DPI)

National Cooperation Policy (NCP), 2025

Why in the News? The National Cooperation Policy (NCP) 2025 recently unveiled by Union Home and Cooperation Minister Amit Shah has drawn criticisms from SKM (Samyukt Kisan Morcha). Also in news: The Union Cabinet has also approved a ₹2,000 crore Central Sector Scheme to aid National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC) from 2025–26 to 2028–29. NCDC… Continue reading National Cooperation Policy (NCP), 2025

Under Pressure, Underperforming, Undone : What’s Breaking Our Brightest ?

N4S:UPSC often picks such topics not just for data recall but to test empathy, societal understanding, and connection between systems — as seen in the 2023 GS1 question on suicides among young women. Where aspirants usually falter is in treating these as ‘soft’ topics, often lacking structure or specific multi-level analysis. This article changes that.… Continue reading Under Pressure, Underperforming, Undone : What’s Breaking Our Brightest ?

[31st July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Restoring mangroves can turn the tide on India’s coastal security 

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2019] Discuss the causes of depletion of mangroves and explain their importance in maintaining coastal ecology. Linkage: The article explicitly details the importance of mangroves, stating they are “critical in India’s pursuit of climate resilience, biodiversity conservation, and the empowerment of coastal communities”. It explains their role as “natural barriers, protecting coastal… Continue reading [31st July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Restoring mangroves can turn the tide on India’s coastal security 

India’s Police must get out of Dirty Harry’s shadow

Why in the News? Recently, the custodial death of Ajith Kumar in Tamil Nadu has reignited concerns about police torture and custodial violence in India, drawing attention to the ongoing abuse of power, lack of accountability, and systemic failures in law enforcement.  Note: “Dirty Harry’s shadow” is the ethical grey zone that officers may enter… Continue reading India’s Police must get out of Dirty Harry’s shadow

Arrest and unrest: Communal agenda is behind the arrest of nuns for human trafficking

Why in the News? Recently the arrest of two Catholic nuns in Chhattisgarh on charges of human trafficking and forced religious conversion has sparked widespread political and religious backlash. Why are anti-conversion laws controversial in tribal regions? Misuse Against Voluntary Conversions: These laws, intended to curb conversions through force or fraud, are often misused to… Continue reading Arrest and unrest: Communal agenda is behind the arrest of nuns for human trafficking

Tsunami Waves triggered by quakes in Kamchatka Peninsula

Why in the News? An 8.8 magnitude earthquake hit off Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula, triggering 16-foot tsunamis that reached Hawaii and northern California in the US. About Earthquakes: Overview: Sudden ground shaking caused by release of stored energy in Earth’s crust due to tectonic stress. Cause: Occurs when tectonic plates slip at fault lines where stress… Continue reading Tsunami Waves triggered by quakes in Kamchatka Peninsula

Setubandha Scholar Scheme

Why in the News? The Ministry of Education, in collaboration with the Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) Division at Central Sanskrit University, has launched the Setubandha Scholarship Scheme. About the Setubandha Scholarship Scheme: Objective: Acts as a bridge between traditional Gurukul learning and modern research, enabling the mainstreaming of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into higher education.… Continue reading Setubandha Scholar Scheme

New Guidelines for Management of Contaminated Sites

Why in the News? The Union Environment Ministry has notified the Environment Protection (Management of Contaminated Sites) Rules, 2025 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. About the Environment Protection (Management of Contaminated Sites) Rules, 2025: Nodal Agency: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). Legal Basis: Framed under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Purpose:… Continue reading New Guidelines for Management of Contaminated Sites

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