We found 27752 results for your search.

Should SC sit powerless as Governors block Bills: CJI

Introduction The Supreme Court recently questioned whether it should remain passive when Governors indefinitely withhold assent to Bills, stalling elected legislatures. This issue, highlighted by Tamil Nadu’s Bills pending for four years, raises fundamental questions about judicial review, federalism, and democratic accountability. Why in the News Tamil Nadu’s unprecedented case of Bills pending for years… Continue reading

UPSC Mains 2025 Essay Paper(22nd August 2025)- Ratio, Model Answers

Whatsapp for Inquiry: https://shorturl.at/1eRHN The Essay Paper is the 1st paper of the UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination 2025. It has officially begun on 22nd August 2025. This paper is a decisive factor in determining ranks, carrying 250 marks.Candidates must write two essays – one from each section – each worth 125 marks. Year-on-year, the complexity of… Continue reading

Simplified two-rate GST Structure

Why in the News? The Group of Ministers (GoM) on Rate Rationalisation has accepted the Centre’s proposal to simplify GST into a two-rate structure. The recommendation will now be placed before the GST Council for final approval. About Goods and Services Tax (GST): Nature: Comprehensive, multi-stage, destination-based indirect tax on goods and services. Introduction: Launched… Continue reading

[pib] Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR)

Why in the News? The Bharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI) 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, is scheduled to achieve criticality in March 2026 and reach full power generation by December 2026. What is a Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR)? A Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR) is a type of nuclear… Continue reading

Haryana defines ‘Forest’: Controversy and Implications

Why in the News? Haryana has notified the dictionary meaning of “forest” as per Supreme Court directions. Haryana’s definition of Forest: Definition: A patch of land is deemed a forest if: Minimum area: 5 hectares (isolated) or 2 hectares (contiguous with notified forest). Minimum canopy density: 0.4 (40%) or more. Exclusions: Linear/compact/agro-forestry plantations and orchards… Continue reading

Kalai-II Hydroelectric Project

Why in the News? The Arunachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (APSPCB) conducted a public hearing for the proposed 1,200 MW Kalai-II hydroelectric project in Anjaw district. About Kalai-II Hydroelectric Project: Location: Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh, on the Lohit River (tributary of the Brahmaputra). Capacity: 1,200 MW (six turbines of 190 MW each + one… Continue reading

NTCA limits definition of Tiger Corridors

Why in the News? The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) recently issued a clarification limiting tiger corridors primarily to 32 “least cost pathways” identified in 2014. About National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA): Statutory body: Under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). Establishment: Created in 2006 under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Functions: Provides… Continue reading

[21st August 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: India’s democracy is failing the migrant citizen

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2022] Discuss the role of the Election Commission of India in the light of the evolution of the Model Code of Conduct.” Linkage: Just as the Model Code of Conduct (MCC) evolved as a tool by the Election Commission of India (ECI) to ensure free and fair elections in a changing political… Continue reading

Why India needs a national space law

India is entering a new era of space exploration with lunar success, Gaganyaan, and the proposed Bharat Antariksh Station. Yet, one critical element is missing, a national space law. While India has ratified global treaties like the Outer Space Treaty (1967), it lacks a domestic legal framework to regulate private participation, ensure liability, and attract… Continue reading

African Union (AU) and the Mercator Map Debate

Why in the News? The African Union (AU) has endorsed the Correct the Map campaign to replace the 16th-century Mercator projection with more accurate maps. About the African Union (AU): Establishment: Formed in 2002, replacing the Organisation of African Unity (1963). Membership: 55 African countries. Headquarters: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Vision: “An Integrated, Prosperous, and Peaceful… Continue reading

Xinjiang-Xizang Railway Line

Why in the News? China has launched the Xinjiang–Xizang Railway Line, a strategic, economic, and engineering milestone, connecting Xinjiang with Tibet. About the Xinjiang–Xizang Railway Line: Overview: A major high-altitude railway project connecting Hotan in Xinjiang to Shigatse and Lhasa in Tibet (Xizang). Total length planned: ~2,000 km, part of China’s larger 5,000 km rail… Continue reading

Agni-5 Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile

Why in the News? India has successfully test-fired the Agni-5 Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM) from the Integrated Test Range, Chandipur (Odisha). What are Ballistic Missiles? Powered by: Solid propellant rocket motors; thrust generated by exhaust gases forces missile upward. Three phases: Boost Phase – missile consumes propellant; trajectory fixed. Midcourse Phase – missile coasts in… Continue reading

Bistability in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the glpD Gene

Why in the News? German researchers found that P. aeruginosa bacteria can switch a key gene (glpD) on or off, even though the bacteria are genetically identical — a survival trick called epigenetic bistability. About Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Nature: Rod-shaped bacterium found in soil, water, and hospital environments. Pathogen Type: Opportunistic; infects mainly those with weakened… Continue reading

In news: International Criminal Court (ICC)

Why in the News? The Trump administration sanctioned judges and prosecutors of the International Criminal Court (ICC) over arrest cases involving Israeli leaders and past probes into U.S. officials. About the International Criminal Court (ICC): Established: 2002 under the Rome Statute (1998); headquartered at The Hague, Netherlands. Nature: First permanent international court to try individuals… Continue reading

[20th August 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Making India’s climate taxonomy framework work

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2022] Discuss global warming and mention its effects on the global climate. Explain the control measures to bring down the level of greenhouse gases which cause global warming, in the light of the Kyoto Protocol, 1997. Linkage: If such a theme on international climate governance and mechanisms can be asked, then India’s… Continue reading

Sedition Redux: On trampling on press freedom

Why in the News? On August 12, 2025, The Wire’s editors Siddharth Varadarajan and Karan Thapar were summoned by the Assam Police under Section 152 of the BNS, even as the Supreme Court had that very day issued protection while examining the constitutional validity of the new sedition law. This open defiance of judicial authority… Continue reading

‘Creamy Layer’ condition in OBC Quota

Why in the News? The government is considering measures to ensure uniform application of the ‘creamy layer’ condition in OBC reservations across central and state government jobs, public sector enterprises, universities, and autonomous bodies. About the Concept of Creamy Layer: Origin: Emerged from Indra Sawhney vs Union of India (1992); excluded affluent Other Backward Class… Continue reading

Office of the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC)

Why in the News? The Opposition (INDI Alliance bloc) is considering moving a motion of removal of the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) in Parliament. About Election Commission of India (ECI): Establishment: Permanent constitutional body set up on 25 January 1950 (National Voters Day). Constitutional Basis: Articles 324–329, Part XV of the Constitution. Mandate: Conducts elections… Continue reading

JOIN THE COMMUNITY

Join us across Social Media platforms.

Your better version awaits you!