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  • Standing Committee on Statistics (SCoS) to review all NSO Data

    Central Idea

    • Revamping the SCES: Standing Committee on Economic Statistics (SCES) set up in late 2019 faced criticism for data quality issues in previous surveys.
    • Broader Mandate: The government establishes the Standing Committee on Statistics (SCoS) to replace the SCES, with a mandate to review all surveys conducted under the National Statistical Office (NSO).

    Standing Committee on Statistics (SCoS): Composition and Mandate

    • Chairperson: Pronab Sen, India’s first chief statistician and former chairman of the National Statistical Commission (NSC), appointed as the chair of the new committee.
    • Membership: SCoS consists of 10 official members and four non-official members, including eminent academics.

    Need for SCoS

    • Concerns from Economic Advisory Council: Members, including Bibek Debroy, called for an overhaul of India’s statistical machinery.
    • Lack of technical Expertise: SCoS aims to address critiques by providing technical advice on survey design and methodology.
    • Issues with Indian Statistical Service: Questions raised about the expertise of the Indian Statistical Service in survey design.

    Roles and Responsibilities of the SCoS

    • Reviewing Framework and Results: SCoS is responsible for reviewing the framework and results of all surveys conducted under the NSO.
    • Data Gap Identification: SCoS identifies data gaps in official statistics and develops strategies to fill those gaps.
    • Use of Administrative Statistics: Committee mandated to explore the use of administrative statistics to improve data outcomes.

    Back2Basics: National Statistical Office (NSO)

    (a) Historical Background:

    • The NSO was established in 1950 as the Central Statistical Office (CSO) under the Ministry of Planning.
    • It was later renamed the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) in 1970 and subsequently became the NSO in 2019.
    • Over the years, it has evolved to become the primary statistical agency in India.

    (b) Organizational Structure:

    • The NSO consists of several divisions and units responsible for different statistical functions.
    • These include the Survey Design and Research Division, Field Operations Division, Data Processing Division, National Accounts Division, Price Statistics Division, and Social Statistics Division, among others.

    (c) Key organizations under NSO: Central Statistical Office (CSO)

    • The CSO is a part of the NSO and focuses on macroeconomic statistics and national income accounting.
    • It is responsible for producing key economic indicators such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Index of Industrial Production (IIP), Consumer Price Index (CPI), and Wholesale Price Index (WPI).

    (d) Important Surveys Conducted

    • Population Census: The NSO conducts a decennial Population Census in collaboration with the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. The census collects data on population size, composition, and other demographic characteristics.
    • National Sample Survey (NSS): The NSS is a large-scale household survey conducted by the NSO to collect data on various socio-economic aspects. It provides valuable information on employment, consumer expenditure, poverty, education, health, and other important indicators.
    • Economic Census: The NSO conducts the Economic Census periodically to collect data on the number of business establishments, their distribution across sectors and regions, employment, and other relevant economic variables.
    • Annual Survey of Industries (ASI): The ASI is conducted by the NSO to collect data on the performance and structure of the industrial sector in India. It covers various aspects such as employment, wages, production, and financial indicators.
    • Agricultural Census: The NSO conducts the Agricultural Census periodically to collect comprehensive data on agricultural holdings, cropping patterns, land use, irrigation, livestock, and other relevant agricultural variables.
    • Health and Morbidity Survey: The NSO conducts surveys on health and morbidity to gather data on healthcare utilization, access to healthcare services, prevalence of diseases, and other health-related indicators.
  • 50 Ethics Terms PDF

    50 Ethics Terms PDF

    Hello Aspirants,

    The 50 Ethics Terms by Civilsdaily is the most important document to aid your Ethics Preparation.

    Ethics GS 4 paper is lot easier to score when compared with all other papers.

    It is also a lot easier to prepare if you have the right study material and the right guidance that doesn’t send you on a wild goose chase.

    Having clarity about every single term in Ethics is the single most important point to acing this paper. As a matter of fact, Ethics is all terms.

    Even veterans with 4-5 years of prep make the following mistakes

    1. Look for technical definitions from a psychology/anthro/philo point of view. That is not the requirement of the GS 4 paper. GS 4 paper wants you to present practical definitions with depth and no ambiguity.
    2. Using terms interchangeably. EMVA all help in deciding good and bad. This doesn’t help and you will get penalized for lacking depth. You have to understand points of similarity and differentiation. You can’t use definitions that miss the crux of why the term exists.
    3. Don’t understand the level of abstraction. Some are abstract, loosely held constructs while some are observable.
    4. Don’t understand the idea that certain terms are discussed together. Eg – SEC, PIH, Commitment/dedication, etc. Eg. Check the table below.
    UPSC Ethics Sympath, Empath, Compassion

    If you are quoting age old standard examples, then its impossible to stand out. You need to prepare examples from 2023 Current Affairs.

    50 Ethics Terms by Civilsdaily is a document that you will keep referring back again and again every time to sit to revise ethics.

    Click to fill the form and have it delivered on whatsapp

    I want the pdf

    PS: 14-day Ethics Challenge Starts to Today! To know more, click here

  • An unacceptable verdict in the constitutional sense

    constitutional

    What is the news?

    • A recent judgment by the Allahabad High Court in the case of Kiran Rawat vs State of UP.
    • The court declined the prayer of an inter-faith couple in a live-in relationship for protection from police harassment.
    • The court deemed the live-in relationship as a “social problem” and relied on personal laws on marriage

    Central Idea

    • A recent judgment by the Allahabad High Court has garnered significant national attention. The ruling in Kiran Rawat vs State of UP undermines the principles of constitutional morality in personal relationships, a notion repeatedly affirmed by the Supreme Court of India. The judgment, has been criticised for its departure from constitutional principles, disregard for precedent, and reliance on irrelevant personal laws.

    What is the case?

    • The case of the petitioners, a Muslim man and a Hindu woman, was short and simple. They are around 30 years of age, living together and their relation is based on mutual love and affection.
    • They alleged that the local police have been torturing them while living in a rented house, and sought protection from police harassment, allegedly done on the basis of a complaint made by a family member

    What is mean by constitutional morality?

    • Constitutional morality refers to the principles and values embedded in a constitution that guide the interpretation and application of its provisions.
    • It encompasses the spirit and objectives of the constitution, promoting justice, equality, freedom, and the protection of fundamental rights.
    • Constitutional morality goes beyond conventional social norms and customs, emphasizing the adherence to constitutional principles even in the face of opposition or prevailing societal beliefs.

    What is personal liberty?

    • Personal liberty refers to the individual’s freedom to make choices, decisions, and actions without undue interference or coercion from external forces, including the state or other individuals.
    • It is a fundamental right that is protected by various legal frameworks, including constitutions and human rights declarations.
    • Personal liberty encompasses various aspects of an individual’s life, including physical, mental, and emotional well-being, as well as their autonomy and privacy.
    • However, personal liberty is not an absolute right and may be limited in certain circumstances,

    Main factors that make the judgment unacceptable in the constitutional sense

    • Prioritizing Conventional Social Morality: The High Court is accused of being influenced by conventional social morality rather than upholding constitutional principles. This undermines individual autonomy and personal liberty, which are essential components of constitutional morality.
    • Disregard for Supreme Court Judgments: Despite citing Supreme Court judgments on live-in relationships, the High Court rejects their intended purpose without providing sound reasons. This undermines the binding nature of Supreme Court judgments and the consistency of legal interpretation.
    • Irrelevant Reliance on Personal Laws: The judgment relies on personal laws related to marriage that are deemed irrelevant to the case. By doing so, the High Court deviates from the constitutional framework and fails to prioritize the fundamental rights of individuals.

    How the judgement shows an inclination towards orthodoxy?

    • Assuming Marriage as a Condition Precedent: Though there were many deficits in the petition, the High Court could not have assumed that marriage is a condition precedent for constitutional protection and the exercise of fundamental rights.
    • Acting as a Theological Court: In effect, The High Court acted as a theological court, as if the very idea of individual liberty and autonomy are alien to the writ jurisdiction. The verdict shows a clear inclination towards social orthodoxy and religious revivalism.
    • Reiteration of Traditional Beliefs:
    • The court tried to reiterating traditional beliefs on marriage and morals, rather than embracing a progressive and inclusive approach. By relying on and reinforcing traditional views, the court fails to accommodate changing societal norms and the importance of personal choices and freedoms
    • Rejection of Supreme Court Precedents: The law laid down by the Supreme Court is binding on all the courts in the country, as in Article 141 of the Constitution. The judgment of the Allahabad High Court rejects the precedential value of Supreme Court verdicts on live-in relationships, such as D. Velusamy (2010), Indra Sarma (2013), and Dhanu Lal (2015). By doing so, the High Court disregards the guidance provided by the apex court, which has recognized and protected the rights of individuals in live-in relationships.

    The Judgements by the Supreme Court which upholds personal liberty

    • Decriminalization of Adultery in Joseph Shine vs Union of India (2018): In the case of Joseph Shine vs Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court decriminalized adultery defined under Section 497 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC). The court held that individual moral aberrations should not be punished by the state’s police power. The judgment emphasized that fidelity is a value, but not one that the state should police.
    • Striking Down of Section 377: In the case of Navtej Singh Johar (2018), the Supreme Court substantially struck down Section 377 of the IPC, which dealt with same-sex relations. The court’s judgment was a constitutional adjudication rather than a mere moral judgment. It recognized the importance of personal choices and limited the state’s power in the realm of personal relationships.
    • In Lata Singh (2006) case: The SC t directed police authorities throughout the country to see to it that any adult undergoing inter caste or inter religious marriage is not harassed by anyone.
    • Khushboo vs Kanniammal & Anr. (2010): The Supreme Court held, while it is true that the mainstream view in our society is that sexual contact should take place only between marital partners, there is no statutory offence that takes place when adults willingly engage in sexual relations outside the marital setting.

    Note: Note down these judgements to support your argument when question asks you to critically analyse

    Way forward

    • Clear Guidance on Live-in Relationships: The Supreme Court should provide clear guidelines and legal recognition for live-in relationships, emphasizing the protection of individuals’ rights and dignity. This would prevent confusion and inconsistent interpretations by lower courts in the future.
    • Judicial Training and Sensitization: There is a need to conduct training programs and sensitization workshops for judges at all levels. This would ensure a better understanding of constitutional principles, fundamental rights, and the evolving nature of societal norms, enabling judges to make informed and unbiased decisions.
    • Public Awareness Campaigns: Public awareness campaigns should be conducted to educate people about the rights and legal protections available to individuals in live-in relationships. This would help dispel social stigmas and promote acceptance of diverse personal choices.
    • Legislative Reforms: The legislature should consider enacting specific laws or amending existing ones to address the legal rights and responsibilities of individuals in live-in relationships. This would provide clarity and protection to couples in such relationships and ensure equal treatment under the law.
    • Strengthening Precedent: It is crucial to emphasize the binding nature of Supreme Court judgments on all courts in the country. Lower courts should be vigilant in adhering to established precedents, respecting the hierarchy of judicial decisions, and avoiding interpretations that deviate from constitutional principles.
    • Dialogue and Engagement: Societal dialogue and engagement with stakeholders, including legal experts, activists, and religious leaders, can help promote a better understanding of individual rights, personal choices, and the importance of constitutional values in a diverse society

    Conclusion

    • The Allahabad High Court’s judgment in Kiran Rawat vs State of UP reflects a regressive view on personal relationships and disregards constitutional morality. By neglecting Supreme Court judgments, relying on irrelevant personal laws, and failing to uphold personal liberties, the High Court has erred in its duty to provide justice. It is crucial that the Supreme Court rectifies this judicial indiscipline and reaffirms the significance of constitutional tenets in safeguarding individual rights and personal choice

    Also read:

    (more…)

  • 17th Jul 23 | Prelims Daily with Previous Year Questions

    [WpProQuiz 1422]

    [WpProQuiz_toplist 1422]

    UPSC 2023 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Why is there a controversy on the forest Bill?

    forest

    What’s the news?

    • The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill, 2023 is set to be presented during the upcoming monsoon session of Parliament.

    Central idea

    • Recently, a Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC) which was looking at amendments to the Bill has approved the version sent by the government with almost no comment, revisions or suggestions. However, multiple objections have been raised over the proposed amendments.

    Definition- Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill, 2023

    • The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill is a proposed legislation aimed at amending the Forest Conservation Act of 1980 in India.
    • The proposed amendments seek to address certain issues and introduce changes to enhance forest conservation efforts and promote sustainable development.

    Background-Forest Conservation Act, 1980 

    • The Forest Conservation Act, 1980 was enacted to protect the country’s forests and empower the central government to regulate the extraction of forest resources, including timber, bamboo, coal, and minerals, by industries and forest-dwelling communities.
    • Prior to the implementation of the Forest Conservation Act, extensive deforestation and diversion of forest land for non-forestry purposes were prevalent.
    • From 1951 to 1975, approximately four million hectares of forest land were diverted. However, after the Act came into effect, from 1980 to 2023, only around one million hectares have been diverted.

    The key objectives of the Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill, 2023

    • Definition and Demarcation of Forests: The amendments aim to provide a clear and comprehensive definition of forest and establish criteria for demarcating forest areas.
    • Renaming of the Act: The proposed amendments include changing the name of the Act from Forest (Conservation) Act to Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, which translates to Forest Conservation and Augmentation.
    • Applicability of the Act: The amendments specify that the Act will apply only to lands officially notified as forest in government records on or after 1980.
    • Exemptions and Strategic Projects:
    • The proposed amendments introduce certain exemptions from the Act’s provisions.
    • Forest land located within 100 km of international borders and intended for strategic projects of national importance, as well as land ranging from 5 to 10 hectares for security and defense projects, would be exempted.
    • Encouraging Reforestation and Carbon Sink Development:
    • The amendments address the issue of disincentives faced by private parties interested in developing plantations in degraded forests or restoring tree patches.
    • The proposed changes seek to incentivize reforestation efforts and support India’s commitment to developing a carbon sink of three billion tonnes by 2030, as per its obligations under the Paris Agreement.

    Objections to the changes

    • Impact on Ecologically Sensitive Areas:
    • The exemptions introduced in the amendments could have detrimental effects on significant forests in the Himalayan, trans-Himalayan, and northeastern regions.
    • Clearing these forests without proper assessment and mitigation plans may threaten the biodiversity of vulnerable ecological and geologically sensitive areas and potentially trigger extreme weather events.
    • Exclusion of Forest Land:
    • Limiting the Act’s applicability only to forest areas recorded on or after 1980 may leave out substantial forest land and biodiversity hotspots.
    • This exclusion could potentially lead to the sale, diversion, clearance, and exploitation of these areas for non-forestry purposes, undermining forest conservation efforts.
    • Renaming of the Act:
    • Dissent has been expressed regarding the renaming of the Act as Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam.
    • The use of sanskritik terminology in the name is untenable and may not be in alignment with the linguistic and cultural diversity of the country.
    • Balance of Power:
    • Concerns have been raised about the balance of power between the central and state governments.
    • They argue that forest conservation falls under the concurrent jurisdiction of both levels of government, and the amendments may shift the balance towards the central government, potentially undermining the authority of state governments in forest conservation matters.

    Environment Ministry’s stand on the issue

    • Addressing Concerns: The Environment Ministry has submitted detailed explanations to the JPC to address the concerns that have been raised. The Ministry aims to clarify and alleviate the apprehensions surrounding the proposed amendments.
    • Protection of Godavarman Judgment: The Ministry asserts that the new amendments do not dilute the Godavarman Thirumulpad judgment, indicating that the changes are consistent with the principles laid down in the landmark Supreme Court ruling.
    • Preventing Misuse of Land: The Ministry emphasizes that there are provisions in place to ensure that forest land will not be misused. The amendments include safeguards to prevent unauthorized exploitation or inappropriate utilization of forest land.
    • Specific Exemptions: The Ministry clarifies that the exemptions introduced in the amendments would be limited to specific linear projects of strategic importance identified by the Central government.

    Way forward

    • Inclusive dialogue: Facilitate inclusive dialogue with stakeholders, including Opposition parties, NGOs, tribal communities, and experts, to address concerns and objections.
    • Impact assessment: Conduct thorough environmental impact assessments (EIAs) to assess potential consequences of the amendments and develop mitigation plans for ecological sensitivity.
    • Strengthen safeguards: Enhance safeguards for significant forest areas and develop clear definitions of forest to ensure effective conservation measures.
    • Balance conservation and development: Promote sustainable practices like private plantations and reforestation while regulating industrial and mining use of forest tracts.
    • Central-state collaboration: Foster collaboration and coordination between Central and state governments to harmonize forest conservation efforts.
    • Transparent implementation: Allocate resources for monitoring, prevention of illegal activities, and ensure transparency and accountability in forest-related activities.

    Conclusion

    • The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill, 2023, set to be introduced in the monsoon session of Parliament. As the bill moves forward for debate, it is crucial to consider the concerns raised and ensure a balanced approach that protects both forests and the rights of forest-dependent communities.

    Also read:

    Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Bill and the Forests rights

  • Cash Transfers vs Foodgrain Distribution

    Central idea

    • Three years ago, financial constraints prevented the Centre and states from providing cash transfers to vulnerable households during pandemic lockdowns. However, there was an abundance of wheat and rice in FCI’s warehouses, allowing distribution to 813.5 million people. However, the current scenario has reversed, with governments having funds but limited grain stocks, raising concerns for future provisions.

    Grain Distribution and Export Scenario

    Grain Distribution:

    • During the pandemic-enforced lockdowns the government distributed 10 kg of grain per month practically free to 813.5 million people from April 2020 to December 2022.
    • This distribution was made possible through the public distribution system (PDS) and aimed to support poor and vulnerable households suffering from job and income losses.

    Offtake of Grains:

    • 2020-21 (April-March): The offtake of wheat and rice totalled 92.9 million tonnes, surpassing the annual average of 62.5 million tonnes during the first seven years after the National Food Security Act (NFSA) implementation.
    • 2021-22: The offtake further increased to 105.6 million tonnes.
    • 2022-23: The offtake remained high at 92.7 million tonnes.

    Grain Exports:

    • Rice: In 2021-22, India exported 21.2 million tonnes of rice, valued at $9.66 billion. In 2022-23, rice exports reached 22.3 million tonnes, valued at $11.14 billion.
    • Wheat: Wheat exports accounted for 7.2 million tonnes ($2.12 billion) in 2021-22 and 4.7 million tonnes ($1.52 billion) in 2022-23

    Karnataka Case: Shift from Grain to Cash Transfers

    • Change in Financial Situation: As economic activities resumed, the financial situation improved for both the Centre and the states. Gross GST revenues grew, indicating increased financial resources available to the governments.
    • Reduction in Grain Quota: From January 2023, the monthly grain quota under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) was reduced from 10 kg to 5 kg per person.
    • Additional grain demand: The government in Karnataka sought additional grain from the FCI to fulfill its election promise of providing 10 kg of free rice per month to all members of below-poverty-line (BPL) households.
    • Centre’s Refusal: The Centre did not allow the state government to distribute the extra rice beyond the 5 kg provided under the National Food Security Act (NFSA)
    • Resort to Cash Transfers: As a result the Karnataka government started giving cash transfers instead. They started transferring Rs 170 to the bank accounts of the BPL family heads in lieu of the extra 5 kg of rice

    Implications of cash transfers 

    • Inflationary Pressures:
    • When households receive cash instead of free grain, they have the flexibility to use the money for various purposes, including purchasing rice or other goods.
    • Increased demand for rice in the market can lead to higher prices, potentially contributing to inflationary pressures.
    • Deflationary Impact of Free Grain Distribution:
    • When surplus grains are distributed without a monetary transaction, it can help stabilize or reduce the prices of grains in the market.
    • This can mitigate inflationary pressures and ensure affordable access to essential food items for vulnerable populations.
    • Budgetary Considerations:
    • This allocation needs to be carefully managed to ensure that it aligns with overall fiscal goals and priorities.
    • The availability of adequate financial resources for cash transfers can be a determining factor in choosing between cash transfers and free grain distribution.
    • Flexibility for Beneficiaries:
    • Instead of receiving a predetermined amount of grain, households can decide how to allocate the cash according to their priorities.
    • This flexibility allows households to address their unique requirements beyond food, such as healthcare, education, or other essential expenses.
    • Market Dynamics:
    • Cash transfers can stimulate economic activity by injecting money into local markets. This can have positive multiplier effects, benefiting various sectors and local businesses.
    • On the other hand, free grain distribution may limit the market demand for grains, potentially affecting the livelihoods of farmers and traders.

    Depleted grain stocks and uncertain monsoon

    • Depleted Grain Stocks:
    • The total stocks of wheat and rice in the Central pool today stands at a five-year-low.
    • While these stocks are still above the normative minimum required, there are concerns about the monsoon and its impact on this year’s rice crop, which may affect procurement and future stocks.
    • Monsoon Impact on Production:
    • The poorly distributed rain has resulted in lower-than-usual rice cultivation, with farmers having planted only 123.18 lakh hectares out of the normal total of 399.45 lakh hectares under rice during the monsoon season. Additionally, the cumulative area sown is 6.1% lower than the previous year.
    • Insufficient rainfall in the monsoon’s second half can impact not only the kharif rice but also the upcoming rabi wheat crop.

    The Export conundrum

    • Record Export Quantities: Despite the imposition of restrictions on grain exports, India witnessed record-breaking exports of rice, wheat, and other cereals. Specifically, total exports amounted to 32.3 million tonnes in 2021-22 and 30.7 million tonnes in 2022-23, valued at $12.87 billion and $13.86 billion, respectively.
    • Inflationary Pressures:  The rising demand for rice, coupled with reduced domestic availability due to exports, can lead to higher prices for consumers within the country.
    • Limited Import Capability for Rice: As India is the world’s largest rice exporter, importing rice in case of domestic production shortfalls becomes challenging. Unlike wheat, which can be imported due to ample global supplies, rice imports are restricted.
    • Price Volatility and Potential Export Restrictions: The rising rice prices globally, indicating potential price volatility. Given concerns over depleted grain stocks and uncertainties related to the monsoon, the government is considering additional export restrictions.

    Way forward: A balanced approach

    • Targeted Cash Transfers: Implement focused cash transfer programs to support the most vulnerable households affected by economic hardships.
    • Optimal Grain Procurement: Strengthen grain procurement mechanisms to ensure an adequate supply of grains for the Public Distribution System (PDS) and strategic reserves.
    • Strategic Stock Management: Develop effective strategies to balance grain distribution for immediate consumption while maintaining sufficient reserves for emergencies.
    • Diversify Food Sources: Explore diverse food options, such as millets, pulses, and vegetables, to reduce reliance on a single crop and enhance food and nutritional diversity.
    • Enhance Food System Resilience: Improve supply chain efficiency, reduce food waste, and enhance coordination among stakeholders for a resilient food system.
    • Continuous Monitoring and Evaluation: Establish robust monitoring and evaluation systems to track the effectiveness of cash transfer programs, grain procurement strategies, and food security initiatives.

    Conclusion

    • The current state of depleted grain stocks, coupled with the uncertainties surrounding monsoon performance and global market dynamics, presents a significant challenge for the government. Balancing the need for cash transfers to alleviate the plight of vulnerable households while ensuring adequate grain reserves to sustain the country’s food security is a delicate task.

  • 17th July| Daily Answer Writing Enhancement | 14 Days Ethics Challenge

    On Day 1 of 14 Days Ethics Challenge these questions were discussed in the closed Telegram group. You are also expected to attempt and submit these in the comment section below.

    Day 1: Ethics and Human Interface

    Part A:

    Q1. What do you understand by ‘values’ and ‘Ethics’? In what ways is it important to be ethical along with being professionally competent? (150 words) 2013

    Q2. What is meant by ‘environmental ethics’? why is it important to study? Discuss any one environmental issue from the viewpoint of ethics. (150 Words) 2015

    Q3. Explain how Ethics contributes to social and human well-being. (150 Words) 2016

    Q4. With regards to morality of actions, one view is that means are of paramount importance and the other view is that the ends justify the means, which view do you thing is more appropriate? Justify your answer. (150 Words) 2018

    Part B: Case Study

    Theme: Issues relating to Women/ Sexual Harassment at work place

    You are the Executive Director of an upcoming Infotech Company which is making a name for itself in the market. Mr. A, who is a star performer, is heading the marketing team. In a short period of one year, he has helped in doubling the revenues as well as creating a high brand equity for the company so much so that you are thinking of promoting him. However, you have been receiving information from many corners about his attitude towards the female colleagues; particularly his habit of making loose comments on women. In addition, he regularly sends indecent SMS’ to all the team members including his female colleagues.

    One day, late in the evening, Mrs. X, who is one of Mr. A’s Team members, comes you visibly disturbed. She complains against the continued misconduct of Mr. A, who has been making undesirable advances towards her and has even tried to touch her inappropriately in his cabin.

    She tenders her resignation and leaves your office.
    (a) What are the options available to you?
    (b) Evaluate each of these options and choose the options you would adopt, giving reasons.
    (250 words) 20 marks – 2013

    CLICK HERE To join 14 Days Ethics Challenge
    Unbreakable Ethics (GS 4) PYQ: 14 Days Challenge
  • How to make a perfect UPSC Timetable with daily and weekly targets? Webinar by Dimple Ma’am, UPSC’22 ranker and Senior IAS Faculty

    How to make a perfect UPSC Timetable with daily and weekly targets? Webinar by Dimple Ma’am, UPSC’22 ranker and Senior IAS Faculty

    Join Dimple ma’am for UPSC Time Management and Time table Session for UPSC 2024-25 | 18th July, 7:30 pm | Get CD’s Atomic Notes PDF post-webinar | Register below to secure your spot

    Register

    Preparing for the UPSC exam can be a tough race against time. And if you are a working professional or college student preparing for UPSC or just an aspirant with a serious time crunch, odds are against you. Coping with the syllabus can be extremely difficult, frustrating, and unproductive.

    But does that mean you give up on your dreams?

    NO!

    Time management is a #UPSCskill that tops all other skills in this long journey. Moreover, the complexity and vastness of the syllabus, unpredictability and ever-changing pattern of the UPSC exam, and cut-throat competition necessitate you to invest your time wisely.

    Once you master your time, you will understand how easy it is for IAS rankers and first attempt IAS wonders

    Known for her meticulous planning and strategic study methodologies, Dimple ma’am will be guiding you through a comprehensive 12-month phase-wise study plan and detailed specifically tailored for UPSC 2024 aspirants.

    Table of content:

    1. Details of the webinar
    2. What can you expect to learn from this webinar?
    3. Who should attend this webinar?
    4. Download: Civilsdaily’s Atomic Notes Magazine
    5. About Dimple Chouhan ma’am

    Civilsdaily’s Toppers

    https://youtube.com/shorts/DEnW_FoZFBk?feature=share

    How to attend this webinar?

    Date: 18th July 2023, Tuesday

    Time: 7:30 pm

    Mode: Online through Zoom

    The Zoom Link for the webinar will be shared by email

    Entry is FREE but seats are limited (only 100)

    Register

    However, you can come and visit Civilsdaily’s Karol Bagh Center and meet Sajal sir and other mentors personally.

    Address: Civilsdaily IAS, 1 LGF, Apsara Arcade, (near Karol Bagh metro station gate number 7) New Delhi, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, 110060

    Contact here: +917303316700

    About Dimple Chouhan

    IAS’22 Topper, AIR-878, Dimple Chouhan is a senior IAS faculty at CivilsDaily. She has been mentoring UPSC aspirants for 4 years now and has mentored 150+ aspirants to Prelims success.

    Time management isn’t the main thing. It is the only thing.

    Who Should Attend This Webinar?

    This webinar will benefit you if:

    1. Aspirants gearing up for UPSC 2024-25, be it college students, working professionals, or candidates who are at the very onset of their journey and struggling with time management.
    2. Those who attempted UPSC 2022 but couldn’t make it through and aim to make critical improvements for a stronger comeback in 2024.
    3. Candidates still trying to wrap their heads around the patterns, syllabus, and expectations of UPSC with respect to Current Affairs.

    So, come join us and uncover the skills and understanding necessary to be a part of that 1% for UPSC 2024. Register now for the webinar and take your first step towards achieving your IAS dream!

    Entry is FREE but seats are limited (only 100)

    Register

    What Can You Expect to Learn in This Webinar?

    1. Making a timetable that will ensure a top-50 rank in UPSC 2024-25
    2. How to manage effective 5 hours per day for UPSC success. Make a timetable and set targets.
    3. Management of Priorities – UPSC- work, family and life as well.
    4. Reducing time on non-priorities.
    5. Planning ahead, making targets, staying consistent w.r.t targets.
    6. How should the syllabus be approached to complete it within the time limit?
    7. Balancing prelims-mains on one hand and GS-current affairs on the other.
    8. How to determine the primary focus areas of the Prelims, Mains, and Personality tests?
    9. How to apply bookish as well as classroom knowledge to the exam?’

    We will discuss the important ways in which you can crack this exam through the following methods:

    1. Personalized timetable
    2. Personalized study plan
    3. Tracking your progress
    4. Investing in topics with good ROI
    5. Focusing on smart study

    Entry is FREE but seats are limited (only 100)

    Register

    You will also get an opportunity to interact 1-1 with Dimple Chouhan ma’am to discuss:

    1. A comprehensive, step-by-step 12-month strategy for UPSC preparation.
    2. Critical insights to fill gaps in your preparation.
    3. Decoding the complex and changing patterns of UPSC.
    4. A customizable framework for effectively aligning your preparation with UPSC’s expectations.
    5. Practical insights and tips for tackling common challenges on your UPSC journey.
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  • Who was Nawab Wajid Ali Shah (1822-1887)?

    nawab

    Central Idea

    • An exhibition, heritage walk, and talk will be held in Kolkata to commemorate the bicentenary year of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, the last king of Awadh.

    Nawab Wajid Ali Shah

    • Mirza Wajid Ali Shah (30 July 1822 – 1 September 1887) was the eleventh and final King of Awadh, reigning from 13 February 1847 to 11 February 1856.
    • He is remembered as a poet, playwright, dancer, and patron of the arts who made significant contributions during his rule.

    Reign and fall

    • Ascension to the Throne: Wajid Ali Shah became the King of Awadh in February 1847, assuming the position during a period of decline for the kingdom.
    • British Annexation: The British East India Company annexed Awadh on 11 February 1856, just two days before the ninth anniversary of Wajid Ali Shah’s coronation. He was subsequently exiled to Garden Reach in Metiabruz, near Kolkata, living on a pension.

    Patron of the Arts

    • Contributions to Music: Wajid Ali Shah was a generous patron of music and a talented composer. He nurtured the Lucknow Gharana of Kathak dance and enriched the light classical form of thumri. He composed ghazals and introduced new ragas, leaving a lasting impact on Hindustani music.
    • Kathak Dance: Wajid Ali Shah’s patronage elevated Kathak dance in Lucknow. He emphasized artistic expression, incorporating drama, emotion, and literature. The king popularized Kathak as a court dance and made it accessible to the common people.
    • Hindustani Theatre: The king established the Jogia Jashan, a grand pageant, and staged Rahas (dance-dramas) filled with poetry, lyrical compositions, and Kathak performances. His contributions laid the foundation for the development of Hindustani theatre.

    Literary Pursuits

    • Prose and Poetry: Wajid Ali Shah was a prolific writer in both Persian and Urdu. His works covered various subjects, including history, literature, and personal reflections. Notable works include “Huzn-i-Akhtar,” an autobiographical piece, and “Bani,” a treatise on music and dance.
    • Patronage of Writers: The king patronized numerous poets and writers in his court, including Mirza Ghalib. He granted pensions to renowned literary figures and encouraged the production of works that reflected the culture and life of the era.

    Exile Years and Legacy (1856-1887)

    • Exile in Metiabruz: After losing his kingdom, Wajid Ali Shah settled in Metiabruz near Kolkata. He created a miniature version of Lucknow and maintained his lavish lifestyle. Matiya Burj, a magnificent complex, served as a reminder of his beloved city.
    • Enduring Impact: Wajid Ali Shah’s compositions, including his famous thumri “Babul Mora Naihar Chhooto Jaay,” remain influential and have been performed by various artists. His contributions to music, dance, literature, and theatre continue to shape the cultural landscape, preserving his legacy.

    Conclusion

    • Mirza Wajid Ali Shah, the last King of Awadh, reigned from 1847 to 1856 before being exiled.
    • His patronage of the arts, including music, dance, theatre, and literature, left an indelible mark on the cultural heritage of Awadh.
    • Despite the challenges he faced and the loss of his kingdom, Wajid Ali Shah’s artistic endeavors and enduring legacy continue to inspire and enrich the region’s cultural identity.

  • India to buy Rafale Marine Jet from France

    rafale

    Central Idea

    • DAC Approval for Rafale: The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) cleared proposals to procure 26 Rafale Marine fighter jets and three Scorpene submarines for the Indian Navy.

    Rafale Marine Fighter Jets

    • Naval Variant: Rafale Marine fighters are the naval version of the Rafale jets, with the Indian Air Force operating 36 of them.
    • Advanced Multirole Fighters: Manufactured by Dassault Aviation, the Rafales are advanced twin-engine, multirole fighter jets equipped with modern sensors, radar, and the latest weapon systems.
    • India-Specific Enhancements: The jets feature India-specific enhancements and have the capability to carry out various missions.
    • Differences in Marine Version: The naval variant has foldable wings, a longer airframe for carrier landings, a tail hook for arrested landing, and reinforced landing gear suitable for aircraft carriers’ conditions.
    • Expanded Weapon Capabilities: Rafale Marine jets can carry a wider range of weapons, including anti-ship and air-to-surface missiles, and have specialized radar for maritime operations.

    Current Fleet and Need for Additional Fighters

    • MiG-29Ks: The Indian Navy currently operates MiG-29Ks from INS Vikramaditya aircraft carrier, which are carrier-based multirole fighter aircraft.
    • Procurement Requirement: With some MiG-29Ks expected to retire in a decade and the Navy having two operational carriers, additional deck-based fighters were needed to meet operational requirements until the indigenous Twin Engine Deck-Based Fighter (TEDBF) is developed.
    • Criteria and Selection: Only Boeing’s F/A-18 E/F Super Hornet and Dassault Aviation’s Rafale-M met the Navy’s criteria, with Rafale-M having an advantage due to common spares and support with the Indian Air Force’s Rafale jets.

    Export and Usage of Rafale Jets

    • Importance for France: The Rafale is a key component of France’s nuclear deterrence capabilities.
    • Orders and Deliveries: France has ordered a total of 192 Rafales, with 153 already delivered by the end of 2022.
    • Future Orders: Plans for a further order of 30 fighters and additional Rafales to offset those sold to Greece and Croatia are in the pipeline.
    • Flight and Operational Hours: The aircraft has accumulated a total of 405,000 flight hours, including 63,500 operational hours flown by French pilots since 2007.

    Conclusion

    • The Rafale Marine jets, with their advanced features and expanded weapon capabilities, will strengthen the Navy’s deck-based fighter fleet.
    • This procurement decision marks another step towards bolstering India’s defense preparedness and self-reliance in defense manufacturing.

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