Why in the News?
According to the Sample Registration System (SRS) Report 2021, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu have successfully achieved the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR), Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5MR), and Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR).
About SDGs (related to MMR, U5MR, NMR):
- Under SDG 3, the goals focus on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all.
- Target 3.1 aims to reduce MMR to below 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030, with no country exceeding 140.
- Target 3.2 sets the goal to reduce U5MR to 25 or fewer per 1,000 live births and NMR to 12 or fewer per 1,000 live births.
Key Highlights of the Report:
- States meeting MMR target (≤70):
- Kerala (20), Maharashtra (38), Tamil Nadu (49), plus Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Gujarat, and Karnataka.
- States/UTs meeting U5MR target (≤25):
- Includes Kerala (8), Tamil Nadu (14), Delhi, Maharashtra, J&K, West Bengal, Karnataka, Punjab, Telangana, Himachal Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Gujarat.
- States/UTs meeting NMR target (≤12):
- Includes Kerala (4), Tamil Nadu (9), Delhi, Maharashtra, J&K, and Himachal Pradesh.
- National improvements:
- MMR dropped from 130 (2014–16) to 93 (2019–21).
- U5MR declined from 45 (2014) to 31 (2021).
- NMR dropped from 26 (2014) to 19 (2021).
- IMR declined from 39 (2014) to 27 (2021).
- Sex Ratio at Birth improved from 899 to 913 (2014–2021).
- Total Fertility Rate reached replacement level of 2.0 in 2021.
- Compared globally (1990–2023), India achieved an 86% reduction in MMR (vs 48% globally), 78% in U5MR (vs 61%), 70% in NMR (vs 54%), and 71% in IMR (vs 58%).
| [UPSC 2023] Consider the following statements in relation to Janani Suraksha Yojna:
1. It is safe motherhood intervention of the State Health Departments. 2. Its objective is to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality among poor pregnant women. 3. It aims to promote institutional delivery among poor pregnant women. 4. Its objective includes providing public health facilities to sick infants up to one year of age. How many of the statements given above are correct? Options: (a) Only one (b) Only two* (c) Only three (d) All four |
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