Mizoram and Goa declared Fully Literate under ULLAS Scheme

Why in the News? In a major achievement for adult education in India, Mizoram and Goa have declared themselves “fully literate” under the ULLAS Scheme (Understanding Lifelong Learning for All in Society). What does “Fully Literate” mean under ULLAS? As per the Ministry of Education (August 2024): A person is literate if they can read,… Continue reading

Evidence of Pre-Harappan Human Presence discovered in Rann of Kutch

Why in the News? IIT Gandhinagar researchers have found evidence that humans lived in the Great Rann of Kutch 5,000 years before the Harappans, likely as coastal hunter-gatherers. About the Khadir Island Sites: Location: Khadir Island (Khadir Beyt) is in the Great Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, near the well-known Harappan site of Dholavira. Geographic Context:… Continue reading

Extreme Poverty in India down to 5.3% in 2022-23: World Bank

Why in the News? According to a new World Bank report, extreme poverty in India has fallen from 27.1% in 2011–12 to just 5.3% in 2022–23, based on a revised international poverty line. Understanding World Bank’s Poverty Lines: The World Bank defines extreme poverty as living on less than a fixed amount per person per… Continue reading

Dynamic Route Planning for Urban Green Mobility (DRUM)

Why in the News? IIT Kharagpur has made a web app called Dynamic Route Planning for Urban Green Mobility (DRUM) to help people choose travel routes that are not just fast but also have cleaner air and better energy use. About DRUM: Purpose: It is a navigation tool that prioritises air quality and energy efficiency,… Continue reading

Rare Proton Emission in Astatine Isotope

Why in the News? In a groundbreaking discovery, an international team of nuclear physicists from Finland has measured the proton emission and half-life of 188Astatine (188At)—the heaviest proton-emitting isotope ever observed. What is Proton Emission? Atomic Structure: Atoms are made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. Radioactive Decay: When atoms… Continue reading

Digital Postal Index Number (DIGIPIN)

Why in the News? The Centre has launched DIGIPIN, a geo-coded digital address system that aims to bring precision and efficiency to address identification across the country. Tap to read more about PIN Codes in India. What is DIGIPIN? About: DIGIPIN is a digital address system introduced by the Government of India to improve location… Continue reading

[7th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Water management in India needs a new course

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2013] Constitutional mechanisms to resolve the inter-state water disputes have failed to address and solve the problems. Is the failure due to structural or process inadequacy or both? Discuss. Linkage: India’s water management problems are explicitly stated to be a result of a “fragmented and sectoral approach”. This contrasts sharply with the… Continue reading

Maintaining India’s progress in food safety standards

Why in the News? World Food Safety Day 2025 is observed with the theme “Food Safety: Science in Action.” It highlights India’s progress in food safety, though there are still some gaps to address. What is the theme of World Food Safety Day 2025? Theme: “Food Safety: Science in Action”. It emphasizes the importance of… Continue reading

PM inaugurates Chenab Railway Bridge

Why in the News? Prime Minister inaugurated the world’s highest railway bridge over the Chenab River in Jammu and Kashmir. About the Chenab Rail Bridge: Location: The Chenab Rail Bridge is the world’s highest railway bridge, situated over the Chenab River in Reasi district, Jammu and Kashmir. It is part of the Udhampur–Srinagar–Baramulla Rail Link… Continue reading

India elected to UN’s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)

Why in the News? India has been elected to the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) for the term 2026–2028. About the UN’s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC): Establishment: It is one of the 6 principal UN organs, created in 1945 under the UN Charter. Mandate: It coordinates the UN’s economic, social, humanitarian, and… Continue reading

UMEED Portal for Waqf Properties

Why in the News? Union Minister for Minority Affairs has launched the Unified Waqf Management, Empowerment, Efficiency and Development (UMEED) portal—a centralised digital platform to manage Waqf properties across India. Tap to read more about the Waqf and the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025. About the UMEED Portal Launch: It was launched by the Ministry of… Continue reading

Should India amend its nuclear energy laws?

Why in the News? India is thinking about changing the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damages Act, 2010, and the Atomic Energy Act, 1962. These changes would let private companies build and run nuclear power plants. Why is there a proposal to amend India’s nuclear energy laws? To Attract Private and Foreign Participation: Current laws like… Continue reading

Global Energy Investment Report, 2025

Why in the News? China will lead global energy investments in 2025, making up over a quarter of total spending, says the International Energy Agency’s (IEA) 10th edition Global Energy Investment Report, 2025. Back2Basics: International Energy Agency (IEA) Establishment: The IEA was formed in 1974 under the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in… Continue reading

Greater Flamingo Sanctuary at Dhanushkodi

Why in the News? The Tamil Nadu government has officially notified a Greater Flamingo Sanctuary at Dhanushkodi in Ramanathapuram district. What is a Bird Sanctuary? India’s bird sanctuaries are established under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (WLPA). Section 18 of the WLPA empowers State governments to declare wildlife or bird sanctuaries based on ecological or… Continue reading

[pib] EnviStats India Report, 2025

Why in the News? The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has released the 8th edition of EnviStats India: Environment Statistics Report. About EnviStats India Report: Launch: It is an annual report released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), first launched in 2018. Global Framework: It follows the UN’s Framework for… Continue reading

[5th June 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Aiming for an era of ‘biohappiness’ in India

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2024] Explain the role of millets for ensuring health and nutritional security in India. Linkage: In this article, discuss how millets, classified as Neglected and Underutilized Species (NUS) and now as “opportunity crops,” are nutritionally dense and climate-resilient. This question directly aligns with the core components of ‘biohappiness’ that emphasize “nutrition security”… Continue reading

The seeds of sustainability for India’s textile leadership

Why in the News? India is one of the world’s top textile exporters and a major manufacturing center, but its textile industry is now at a critical stage. What challenges affect India’s textile industry globally? Geopolitical Tensions: Rising global conflicts and trade restrictions disrupt export routes and reduce India’s textile market access. Eg: The U.S.-China… Continue reading

Falling short India must ensure technology transfer in the EV segment

Why in the News? India has announced a major cut in import duty — 15% off on fully built electric cars — but only if the makers promise to invest locally and add value within the country. This is part of a new plan called the Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in… Continue reading

Massive eruption of Italy’s Mount Etna

Why in the News? Mount Etna, Europe’s largest active volcano, has erupted sending ash, smoke, and rock fragments several kilometres into the sky. Why do Volcanoes Erupt? Magma Formation: Deep within Earth, high temperature and pressure melt rocks into magma. Gas Expansion: Magma contains gases like water vapor, CO₂, and SO₂. As magma rises, the… Continue reading

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