Why in the News?
Scientists have found that the Southern Ocean mitigates global surface warming by absorbing a large share of carbon released by human activities.
About the Southern Ocean
- Also known as the Antarctic Ocean
- Fourth largest ocean by surface area
- Described by the International Hydrographic Organisation as the southernmost part of the World Ocean
Formation and Geological History
- Formed around 34 million years ago
- Resulted from the separation of Antarctica and South America
- Opening of the Drake Passage allowed free circumpolar water flow
- This isolation contributed to Antarctic cooling and ice sheet formation
Role of the Southern Ocean
Climate Regulation
- Absorbs large amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide
- Takes up excess heat generated by global warming
- Acts as a major carbon sink
Global Ocean Circulation
- Drives large scale circulation of ocean waters
- Influences heat and nutrient distribution worldwide
- Plays a role in deep water formation
Sea Ice Dynamics
- Seasonal expansion and retreat of sea ice affects albedo
- Influences global climate feedback mechanisms
Prelims Pointers
- Southern Ocean surrounds Antarctica completely
- Antarctic Circumpolar Current has no continental barrier
- Drake Passage is key to global ocean circulation
- Southern Ocean absorbs both heat and carbon dioxide
- Crucial for long term climate stability
| [2011] Westerlies in the southern hemisphere are stronger and persistent than in the northern hemisphere. Why?
1. Southern hemisphere has less landmass as compared to northern hemisphere. 2. Coriolis force is higher in southern hemisphere as compared to northern hemisphere. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 |
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