Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: Samba Cultivation

Mains level: NA

Around four lakh more acres have been brought under the Crop Insurance Scheme for the Samba Cultivation season of 2021-22 in Tamil Nadu.

(1) Kharif Crop

Kharif crops, monsoon crops, or autumn crops are cultivated and harvested in the monsoon season.
The farmers sow seeds at the beginning of the monsoon season and harvest them at the end of the season. i.e., between September and October.
Kharif crops need a lot of water and hot weather for proper growth.
Examples: Rice, Maize, Millet, Soybean, Arhar, Cotton. etc.

(2) Rabi Crop

Rabi means spring in Arabic. Crops grown in the winter season [October to December] and harvested in the spring season [Aril-May] are called Rabi crops.
These crops require a warm climate for germination and maturation of seeds and need a cold environment for their growth.
Rain in winter spoils the Rabi crop but is good for the Kharif crop.
Examples: Wheat, Gram, Barley, Peas, Oats, Chickpea, Linseed, Mustard, etc.

(3) Zaid Crop

Zaid crops are grown between Kharif and Rabi Seasons, i.e., between March to June.
They require warm, dry weather as a vital growth period and longer day length for flowering.
Zaid crop is significant for farmers as it gives fast cash to the farmers and is also known as gap-filler between two chief crops, Kharif and Rabi.
Examples: Cucumber, Pumpkin, Bitter gourd, Watermelon, Muskmelon, Sugarcane, Groundnut, Pulses, etc.

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