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  • 1st September 2021 | Prelims Daily with Previous Year Questions

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    [WpProQuiz 761]

    [WpProQuiz_toplist 761]

  • Freedom of Movement and Residence

    The rights to free movement and residence across India cannot be curtailed on flimsy grounds, a Bench of Justices Indira Banerjee and V. Ramasubramanian held in a judgment.

    Freedom of Movement and Residence

    • Article 19(1)(d) and (e) of the Indian Constitution guarantees to every citizen of India right to move freely throughout the territory of India and to reside and settle in any Part of the of the Territory of India.
    • This right is subject to reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the general public or for the protection of the interests of any Scheduled Tribes.

    (A) Freedom of Movement under Article 19(1)(d)

    • All Citizens of India have the right “to move freely throughout the territory of India.
    • This Right is, however subject to reasonable restrictions mentioned under Article 19(5).

    Restrictions:

    • This clause (5) empowers the State to impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of the general public or for the protection of the interest of any Scheduled Tribe.
    • Kharak Singh V. State of UP (1963) Case: The Supreme Court held that the right to move freely throughout the territory of India means the right of locomotion which connotes the right to move wherever one likes, and however one likes.
    • State of UP V. Kaushalya Case (1964):  In this case, the Supreme court held that the right of movement of prostitutes may be restricted on grounds of Public Health and in the interest of Public Morals.

    (B) Freedom of Resident under Article 19(1)(e)

    • Article 19(1)(e) of the Indian Constitution guarantees to every citizen of India, the right “to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India”.
    • This right is subjected to reasonable restrictions which may be imposed by the State in the interest of the general public or for the protection of the interest of any Scheduled Tribe.

    Some facts

    • The Freedom of Movement and Residence apply only to citizens of India and not the Foreigners.
    • A foreigner cannot claim the right to reside and settle in the country as guaranteed by Article Article 19(1)(e).
    • The Government of India has the power to expel foreigners from India.

    Why in news, now?

    • The Supreme Court has held that the power of the State to pass an externment order or a direction barring certain people entry to specified areas should be exercised only in “exceptional cases”.
    • The court said externment orders have their use in maintaining law and order.
    • However, they cannot be employed as a vindictive or retaliatory measure.
    • The drastic action of externment should only be taken in exceptional cases, to maintain law and order in a locality and/or prevent breach of public tranquility and peace, the court noted.

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    Back2Basics: Article 19

    Article 19(1) states that All citizens shall have the right:

    • (a) to freedom of speech and expression;
    • (b) to assemble peaceably and without arms;
    • (c) to form associations or unions;
    • (d) to move freely throughout the territory of India;
    • (e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India; and
    • (f) omitted
    • (g) to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade, or business

  • China-Myanmar New Passage

    The shipments on a newly-launched railway line under the China-Myanmar New Passage from the Myanmar border to the key commercial hub of Chengdu in western China have started.

    China-Myanmar New Passage

    • The passage provides China a new road-rail transportation channel to the Indian Ocean, were delivered last week, state media reported on Tuesday.
    • The transport corridor involves a sea-road-rail link.
    • It connects the logistics lines of Singapore, Myanmar, and China, and is currently the most convenient land and sea channel linking the Indian Ocean with southwest China.
    • Goods from Singapore reached Yangon Port, arriving by ship through the Andaman Sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean, and were then transported by road to Lincang on the Chinese side of the Myanmar-China border in Yunnan province.
    • The new railway line that runs from the border town of Lincang to Chengdu, a key trade hub in western China, completes the corridor.

    Why does India need to be watchful?

    • From the perspective of security, India’s border with Myanmar has historically presented serious security challenges.
    • Chinese troops had used the Myanmar route to threaten India’s North-eastern States prior to the 1962 war.
    • In the run-up to the India-China war of 1962, Chinese troops had commissioned local muleteers in Northern Myanmar to facilitate the movement of troops and war logistics to challenge India’s Northeast.

    Way forward

    • The work on infrastructure projects in India’s Northeastern States needs to be expedited to ensure speedy mobilization of India’s own troops to face different contingencies.
    • Monitoring of developments including deployment of space assets to ensure that India is not caught unaware would be desirable.
    • Most importantly, India on its part needs to substantially step up its own game in Myanmar and proactively engage Myanmar in the realm of the infrastructure upgrade.

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  • Mumbai Climate Action Plan (MCAP)

    The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) is drafting a Mumbai Climate Action Plan (MCAP) in a bid to tackle climate challenges.

    What is the Mumbai Climate Action Plan?

    • Amid warnings of climate change leading to extreme weather events in the city, the civic body has started preparing the Mumbai Climate Action Plan (MCAP).
    • It will look at climate resilience with mitigation and adaptation strategies by focusing on six areas —
    1. Sustainable waste management
    2. Urban greening and Biodiversity
    3. Urban flooding and Water Resource Management
    4. Building Energy Efficiency
    5. Air Quality and
    6. Sustainable Mobility
    • The plan is expected to be ready by November ahead of the United Nations Climate Change (COP26) conference at Glasgow, Scotland.

    Why does Mumbai need a climate action plan?

    Mumbai’s climate action plan will help set a vision and implement strategies to fight these climate challenges with mitigation and adaptation steps.

    • Flash floods: As per a study conducted by the World Resource Institute (WRI) India, the city will face two major climate challenges — the rise in temperature, and extreme rain events which will lead to flooding.
    • Temperature rise: The city has seen a constant rise in temperature after 2007, and a substantial increase in intense rainfall and storm events in the last five years.
    • Sea level rise: A recent report from the IPCC has warned that at least 12 Indian coastal cities including Mumbai will face a sea rise of 0.1 metres to 0.3 metres in the next three decades due to climate change.

    What is the greenhouse gas emission of the city?

    • The data show that Mumbai’s greenhouse gas emission was 34.3 million tonnes in 2019, and of which 24.23 million tonnes or 71 per cent came from the energy sector which is mainly based on coal.
    • At least 24 per cent or 82,21,902 tonnes is from transport, and the remaining 5 per cent or 18,53,741 tonnes from solid waste management.
    • The maximum contribution from the energy sector was mainly due to domestic and commercial usage of electricity.
    • As per the data, 95 percent of Mumbai’s electricity is coal-based and needs to be shifted to renewable energy to bring down emissions.

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  • West Nile Virus outbreak in Russia

    Russia warned of a possible increase in West Nile virus infections this autumn as mild temperatures and heavy precipitation create favorable conditions for the mosquitos that carry it.

    West Nile virus (WNV)

    • WNV is mainly transmitted through mosquito bites and can lead to fatal neurological diseases in humans, although most people infected never develop any symptoms.
    • Cases of WNV occur during mosquito season, which starts in the summer and continues through fall.

    Its origin

    • Originally from Africa, the WNV has spread to Europe, Asia, and North America.
    • It was first isolated in a woman in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937.
    • It was identified in birds in the Nile delta region in 1953.
    • Before 1997, WNV was not considered pathogenic for birds.
    • Human infections attributable to WNV have been reported in many countries for over 50 years.

    Symptoms

    • Infected persons usually have no symptoms or mild symptoms.
    • Some of the symptoms include fever, headache, body aches, skin rash, and swollen lymph glands.
    • They can last a few days to several weeks and usually, go away on their own.
    • Prolonged illness may cause inflammation of the brain, called encephalitis, or inflammation of the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, called meningitis.

    Treatment

    • There is no vaccine against the virus in humans although one exists for horses, the WHO says.

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  • Operation Devi Shakti

    India has termed the evacuation operation from Afghanistan in the backdrop of the Taliban’s takeover of the country last week as “Operation Devi Shakti”.

    Operation Devi Shakti

    • Operation Devi Shakti is an ongoing operation of the Indian Armed Forces to evacuate Indian citizens and foreign nationals after the fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan to the Taliban.

    Major evacuations undertaken

    • Up till now, around 400 individuals from Kabul have been evacuated that covered Indian citizens as well as Afghan nationals including Sikhs and Hindus of Afghanistan.
    • Hundreds of Indian nationals have to be taken out of Kabul which is now under the Taliban’s control.
    • India is airlifting its citizens through Dushanbe in Tajikistan and Qatar.
    • The Indian Air Force has already evacuated around many passengers including its Ambassador to Afghanistan and all other diplomats.

  • [RSTV Archive] Judiciary & Artificial Intelligence

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    The Supreme Court’s Artificial Intelligence Committee a few months back in April has launched its Artificial Intelligence portal SUPACE.

    What is SUPACE?

    • SUPACE is an acronym for Supreme Court Portal for Assistance in Courts Efficiency.
    • It is a blend of human and artificial intelligence, and as clarified by Bobde, will not be used in decision-making.
    • The role of AI will be limited to the collection and analysis of data.
    • The courts fully retains the autonomy and the discretion of the judge in deciding the case, though at a much, much faster pace because of the readiness with which the information is made available by the AI.

    Salient features of SUPACE

    • SUPACE facts and arguments relevant to judging a particular case are intelligently presented in a matter of seconds—done manually, this would have taken months—adjudication could become that much faster.
    • SUPACE is customizable, that is, it can behave uniquely like an individual user, learning from and mirroring user behaviour; to illustrate, imagine a system that learns to glean relevant data and present it in a structure that a judge/legal researcher finds easy to comprehend or present.
    • As it is with all AI, as the system ‘learns’, efficiency leaps exponentially.
    • The SUPACE system also includes a chatbot that can give the overview of a case, respond to elementary questions, while switching between documents and prompting further questions to sharpen the user’s understanding of a case.

    Need for AI in Judiciary

    • India’s judiciary is mired in backlogs.
    • According to the data available with the National Judicial Data Grid, around 3.81 crore cases are pending in India and more than one lakh cases have been pending for more than 30 years.

    Other such initiatives

    • SCI-Interact: In 2020, the Supreme Court developed a software called, SCI-Interact, to make all its 17 benches paperless. This software helps judges access files, annexures to petitions and make notes on computers.
    • LIMBS: Earlier, the Department of Legal Affairs has introduced a web-based application called LIMBS or Legal Information Management & Briefing System. The idea is to track the entire life cycle of a case efficiently.
    • SUVAAS: In November 2019, the Apex Court launched an indigenously engineered neural translation tool, SUVAAS, to translate judicial orders and rulings from English to vernacular languages faster and efficiently.

    Global IT solutions in Judiciary

    • The criminal justice system of the US uses algorithms to estimate the risks of habitual offence.
    • Many courts in the country are also actively embracing online dispute resolution (ODR) initiatives.
    • Unsurprisingly, China has also been adopting AI in the judiciary. The country reportedly has more than 100 robots in courts to recover case histories.

    Applications of AI in Judiciary

    • AI could be used in cases of a repetitive nature that fit a strict pattern such as bouncing of cheques, civil violations or drunk driving.
    • Pre-judicial work, such as case management, random allocation of matters to benches, case-law indexing and analysis, administrative work linked to a court can lean on AI to streamline and reduce pendency.
    • Judging involves human emotions too. No scientific tool has any moral issue attached to it, said Justice Srikrishna who helmed the study for India’s data protection policy.
    • AI has not been programmed to delve into human emotions.

    Debate over SUPACE

    • SUPACE has opened up a debate of sorts on how much AI can be used to dispense justice.
    • The core job of a judge is judging. That cannot be outsourced, said former Supreme Court judge B N Srikrishna.
    • Nuances of judging a person’s state of mind are beyond a bot, said jurists.
    • Judicial work cannot be handed over to a machine, even one with AI or programmed to read and understand law, said Justice Srikrishna.

    Limitations of SUPACE

    • For now, in India, SUPACE will be used for administrative purposes and not decision making.
    • Automated fairness is not possible to be achieved because ML-based systems do not know how to explain or digest the information they learn.
    • A mere idealistic approach to estimate things would not take the initiative further.

    Possible applications of SUPACE

    • AI has abilities to identify fact patterns easily and compare them with precedents.
    • Traffic violations and drunken driving cases or some civic violations can be dealt with by AI.

    Way forward

    • The ethical and responsible use of AI and ML for the advancement of efficiency enhancing can be increasingly embedded in legal and judicial processes.
    • The Supreme Court has laid a strong foundation basis which efficiency enhancement can be accelerated across functional processes.
    • This is one of the key reasons why justice delivery in India is poised for transformative change.

    Conclusion

    • SUPACE will produce results customized to the need of the case and the way the judge thinks.
    • This will be time-saving. It will help the judiciary and the court in reducing delays and pendency of cases.
    • AI will present a more streamlined, cost-effective and time-bound means to the fundamental right of access to justice.
    • It will make the service delivery mechanism transparent and cost-efficient.

  • Streak Daily Compilation of Questions & Videos – Aug 31, 2021

    Maintaining consistency is one of the biggest issues faced by IAS Aspirants. Streak’s initiative is to help Aspirants in their day-to-day preparation. You can follow the monthly, weekly, and daily timetables and continue this streak until you find yourself on the final list.

    Please register for Streak Initiative (free) through this link:- https://www.civilsdaily.com/course/streak-daily-initiative/

    You will get following study material:-

    1. Questions (PDF).
    2. RSTV/Yojana monthly notes (PDF).
    3. Burning issue (PDF).
    4. Subject specific (PDF).
    5. Mentor’s phone call for support & encouragement.

    _____________________________________________

    UPSC Daily Study Plan For 2021 and 2022 || STREAK – by Ravi Ranjan

    UPSC PRELIMS-2021 || Current Affairs Most Probable Questions – by Sukanya Rana

    Q1) Nitrogen fixation is done naturally by

    1. Azotobacter and anaerobic clostridium
    2. Rhizobium
    3. Anabaena and spirulina
    4. lightning 

    Pick the correct option:

    A. 1 and 2

    B. 1, 2 and 3

    C. 2 and 4 only

    D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

    Q2) Consider the following statements:

    1. A. Boreal Forest is a biome characterized by coniferous forests consisting mostly of pines, spruces, and larches.
    2. B. The taiga is the world’s largest land biome.
    3. C. Soils in boreal forests are usually fertile due to high decomposition activity.
    4. D. The productivity and community stability of boreal forest is low.

    Select the correct option:

    A. 1, 2, 3

    B. 1, 2, 4

    C. 1, 3, 4

    D. 2, 3, 4

    Q3) Consider the following statements with respect to Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) 

    1. It is globally identified as a tool for sustainable and integrated ocean management. 
    2. It will be implemented by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) through National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR) for India. 
    3. In its primary phase, India will conduct marine spatial planning in Lakshadweep and Puducherry in cooperation with Russia. 

    Which of the statements given above are correct? 

    A. 1 and 2 only 

    B. 1 and 3 only 

    C. 2 and 3 only 

    D. 1, 2 and 3

    Q4) Consider the following statements with respect to Platypus

    1. It is one of the five species of monotremes, the only mammals that lay eggs instead of giving birth to young ones. 
    2. It is endemic to South America, including Costa Rica , where it is classified as an vulnerable species 

    Which of the statement(s) given above is/are incorrect? 

    A. 1 only 

    B. 2 only 

    C. Both 1 and 2 

    D. Neither 1 nor 2

    Q5) Consider the following statements with respect to Diatom Test 

    1. Diatoms are photosynthesizing algae which are found almost anywhere moist. 
    2. It is used to confirm the cause of death by drowning. 
    3. The test is considered positive only when the number of diatoms recovered from the body is more than a minimal established limit. 

    Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct? 

    A. 1 only 

    B. 1 and 2 only 

    C. 2 and 3 only 

    D. 1, 2 and 3

    UPSC PRELIMS-2021 || Most Probable Questions on Environment & Ecology – by Santosh Gupta

    Q1) Identify the correct statement/s in context to the arctic tundra. 

    1. The plants in the arctic tundra have a long life. 
    2. Mammals here have small body size to avoid the loss of heat from the surface. 
    3. Insects in this region have short life cycles.
    4. All mammals go into hibernation in winter to avoid cold

    Which of the above statements are true?

    A. 1, 2 and4

    B. 1, 2 and 3 

    C. 1 and 3 only

    D. All of them 

    Q2) Which of the following statement/s is/are correct with respect to boreal forest? 

    1. It is characterized by evergreen plant species. 
    2. These forests are found in regions with high rainfall, long summers and short winters. 
    3. The soils found here are alkaline in nature.

    Which of the above statements is/are true?

    A. 1 and 2 

    B. 2 and 3

    C. 1 only

    D. All of them

    Q3. Identify the correct statement/s in context to estuaries. 

    1. They are located where the river meets the sea. 
    2. They act as a shelter for animals. 
    3. Estuaries are Ecotone

    Which of the above statements are true?

    A. 1 and 2 

    B. 2 and 3

    C. 1 only

    D. All of them

    Q4) Consider the following statements in context to coral reefs. 

    1. They occur near the source of freshwater, which is nutrient rich. 
    2. The corals are very fast growing colonies of animals. 
    3. They are referred to as ‘the Tropical Rainforests of the Oceans’. 

    Select the correct code from the codes given below.

    Which of the above statements are true?

    A. 1 and 2 

    B. 2 and 3

    C. 1  and 3 only

    D. All of them

    Q5) Consider the following statements about sea weeds and sea grasses

    1. Sea grasses  are specialised marine flowering plants , while Seaweeds are a type of macroalgae
    2. While sea grasses are attached to the bottom, sea weeds are floating on the surface. 
    3. Both are source of carbon sink

    Which of the above statements are true?

    A. 1 and 2 only

    B. 2 and 3 only

    C. 1 and 3 only

    D. All of them

    Daily Dose: Complete Snapshots of Everyday News – by Shweta Mishra

  • Nationally Determined Contributions

    Context

    Despite accomplishments, global pressures are intensifying on India to commit more towards the Conference of the Parties (COP26), scheduled for November 2021 in Glasgow.

    India’s accomplishments

    • At the fifth anniversary of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (December 2020), India was the only G20 nation compliant with the agreement.
    • India has been ranked within the top 10 for two years consecutively in the Climate Change Performance Index.
    • The Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA) scheme is the world’s largest zero-subsidy LED bulb programme for domestic consumers.
    •  India provided leadership for setting up the International Solar Alliance, a coalition of solar-resource-rich countries, and the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure.

    Why it is unfair to pressure India on climate action

    We can attempt to answer the question by comparing the achievements of other countries vis-à-vis India’s performance.

    • Historical perspective: World Bank data for CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) over two decades since the Kyoto protocol informs that at the current rate, both China and the U.S. could emit five times more than India in 2030.
    • The U.K.’s emission levels could be more than 1.5 times that of India.
    • Brazil, with its dense forests, may end up at similar levels.
    • Latest efforts: Last year, China, the world’s largest GHG emitter, joined the ‘race to zero’ and targets carbon neutrality by 2060.
    • Interestingly, it hopes to peak CO2 emissions by 2030 for bending the emissions curve.
    • Recently, the U.S. rejoined the Paris Agreement and committed to reducing emissions by 50%-52% in 2030 and reaching net-zero emissions economy-wide by 2050.
    • The French government, during the novel coronavirus pandemic, set green conditions for bailing out its aviation industry.
    • However, the analysts say that no baseline for reducing emissions from domestic flights was fixed.
    • In Australia, complicated domestic politics prevented them from addressing the problem, despite the country being vulnerable, and stretches of the famous Great Barrier Reef having died in recent years.

    India’s performance

    • Exceeding the NDC commitment: India is on track (as reports/documents show) to meet and exceed the NDC commitment to achieve 40% electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based sources by 2030.
    • Reduction in emission intensity of GDP: Against the voluntary declaration for reducing the emission intensity of GDP by 20%-25% by 2020, India has reduced it by 24% between 2005-2016.
    • More importantly, we achieved these targets with around 2% out of the U.S.$100 billion committed to developing nations in Copenhagen (2009), realised by 2015.
    • Renewable energy expansion: India is implementing one of the most extensive renewable energy expansion programmes to achieve 175 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2022 and 450 GW by 2030.
    • Investment in green measures: As part of the fiscal stimulus after the pandemic, the Government announced several green measures, including:
    • a $26.5-billion investment in biogas and cleaner fuels,
    • $3.5 billion in incentives for producing efficient solar photovoltaic (PV)
    • and advanced chemistry cell battery, and $780 million towards an afforestation programme.
    •  India’s contribution to global emissions is well below its equitable share of the worldwide carbon budget by any equity criterion.

    Conclusion

    To sum up, India has indeed walked the talk. Other countries must deliver on their promises early and demonstrate tangible results ahead of COP26.

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  • Conquer UPPCS Prelims 2021 Program @ Civilsdaily || Mentored by UPPSC Toppers || Seats only for First 50 Students

    Click Below to Watch a Complete Strategy Video

    https://youtu.be/-L2eBDdEamY

    Civilsdaily is bringing a 30 days revision and guidance program for conquering UPPCS Prelims 2021. With the increased focus that UPPCS has been getting in the last couple of years, it’s imperative that aspirants get expert guidance in the trickiest part of the whole process and this program focuses on that aspect.

    Register here for uppsc prelims 2021 program details

    Importance of Prelims in UPPCS:

    • A lot has changed since UPPSC bought in changes in its examination pattern for Uttar Pradesh Combined State/Upper Subordinate Exam or popularly known as the UPPCS examination. 
    • The syllabus has changed, the pattern for Mains examination as well as interview weighatge has changed. Because of the above-mentioned changes, a lot many aspirants of UPSC Civil Services, as well as various State PSC’s Examinations, are also vying for UPPCS examinations these days. 
    • But what has remained constant is the UPPCS Preliminary Examination. So far it is still a concoction of old age UPPCS Prelims with a hint of tadka of few changes!!!

    How to easily crack UPPCS Prelims in 30 days?

    • Civilsdaily is bringing in a 30 days program for all those serious aspirants who have a solid background in UPSC Prelims but are still finding their feet in the UPPCS prelims examinations. 
    • The program will be headed by Parth Sir and Shweta Mam (Rank 22 in UPPCS 2019) and it will focus on those important elements which are a must for clearing UPPCS Prelims Examination. 
    • Parth Sir has given 4 UPPCS Mains and 2 Interviews and has scored one of the highest marks in the UPPCS 2018 Interviews. He achieved all this by altering his UPSC Preparation a bit and since then, he has been guiding students in UPPCS Preparations with great success. 
    • Shweta Mam has been a true warrior and apart from giving UPSC Interviews multiple times, she is rank 22 in UPPCS 2019 Examination.

    We need to prepare with a tweaked trajectory of what we were doing for UPSC Prelims and we are good to go. What are those trajectories? 

    1. Focus on factual elements in Current Affairs (we focus on Analytical elements in UPSC Prelims);
    2. keep a tab on Miscellaneous Section (we totally skip it in UPSC Prelims) and;
    3. prepare Static Subjects keeping the demand of the last 5 years of UPPCS Prelims (Sources for UPSC Prelims remains the same but their reading becomes different for UPPCS Prelims) in mind;
    4. and give many mock tests for your STAR Preparation (Well this element remains the same for all examinations!!!)

    What will the program entail in the next 30 days?

    • Parth Sir and Shweta Mam will take care of all these elements in these 30 days. 
    • We will provide you with 15 months of Current Affairs (May 2020- August 2021) which are prepared keeping UPPCS Prelims 2021 in mind. Parth Sir and Shweta Mam have curated this content.
    • There will be 10 Mock Tests with quality as good as UPPCS Prelims Question Paper. 
    • It will help you in aligning your preparation with the real UPPCS Prelims Examination. 
    • We will provide you with certain static subject notes that are curated for last-minute revision for the UPPCS Prelims examination. 
    • There will be doubt resolution as well as discussions with Parth sir and Shweta mam for micro preparation strategies on static subjects as well most important themes for the upcoming UPPCS Prelims 2021 and a Google Meet session after every test for macro preparation strategy.
    • Access to Civilsdaily’s UPPSC Prelims 2021 club on Habitat for Daily Discussions and Peer to Peer Learning.

    The program starts on the 5th of September and will go on till the 6th of October. The timeline of the tests schedule is given below. To join the program and more details, click on the link below. 

    REGISTER HERE FOR UPPSC PRELIMS 2021 PROGRAM DETAILS
    Date of TestFLTTopics
    5th Sept 2021Government Schemes and Current AffairsThis test will cover important schemes, policies and programs of the Central government as well as the Uttar Pradesh Government.
    The current affairs will cover May 2020 till July 2020.
    9th Sept 2021Miscellaneous and Current AffairsThis test will cover National, International organisations, Indices, Reports, Surveys, Census, Urbanisation data, Crop and its varieties and diseases, Data on Agriculture and Mineral production, Animal census etc.
    The current affairs will cover August 2020 till October 2020.
    12th Sept 2021Uttar Pradesh and Current AffairsThis test will cover Uttar Pradesh GK. The history, economy, culture, polity and geography of Uttar Pradesh will be covered through this test.
    The current affairs will cover November 2020 till January 2021.
    16th Sept 2021Economic Survey, India Year Book, Budget and Current AffairsThis test will cover the Union Budget as well as the Uttar Pradesh Budget of 2021-2022. Other parts can be covered through the Economic Survey and India Year Book.
    The current affairs will cover February 2021 till April 2021.
    19th Sept 2021Full-Length Test -1Full Syllabus
    23rd Sept 2021Full-Length Test -2Full Syllabus
    26th Sept 2021Full-Length Test -3Full Syllabus
    30th Sept 2021Full-Length Test -4Full Syllabus
    3rd Oct 2021Full-Length Test -5Full SyllabusThe current affairs will cover May 2021 and June 2021.
    6th Oct 2021Full-Length Test -6Full SyllabusThe current affairs will cover July 2021 till Mid September 2021.
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