Search results for: “”

WTO & Related issues
Context

Created in 1995, during the heyday of neoliberalism, the World Trade Organization (WTO) became a shining example of triumphant free-market capitalism. Now, the WTO is facing a serious existential crisis.

Challenges facing WTO

1) Disfunctional appellate body
- The United States, which played a pivotal role in establishing the WTO, seems to have lost interest in it.
- The feeling in the US is that the WTO hasn’t served the American national interest by failing to stem China’s rise and regularly indicting the U.S. in several trade disputes.
- The continuation of the U.S. policy on the WTO is most evident in the sustained crippling of the Appellate Body (AB).
- Three out of seven AB members serve on any one case.
- However, since December 2019, the AB has stopped functioning due to rising vacancies.
- Countries now have an easy option not to comply with the WTO panel decisions by appealing into the void.
- If no solution is found soon, the WTO’s rules-based order will start crumbling.
2) Public stockholding for food security purposes
- No solution has been found to the public stockholding for food security purposes despite a clear mandate to do so in the 2015 Nairobi ministerial meeting.
- This is of paramount concern for countries like India that use Minimum Support Price (MSP)-backed mechanisms to procure foodgrains.
- With rising prices and the need to do higher procurement to support farmers and provide food to the poor at subsidised prices, India might breach the cap.
- Although countries have agreed that legal suits will not be brought if countries breach the cap (the so-called ‘peace clause’), it is imperative to find a permanent solution such as not counting MSP-provided budgetary support as trade-distorting.
3) Disagreement on TRIPS waiver for Covid-19
- The WTO member countries continue to disagree on the need of waiving the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement for COVID-19 related medical products.
- It was exactly a year back when India and South Africa proposed a TRIPS waiver to overcome intellectual property (IP)-related obstacles in increasing accessibility of COVID-19 medical products, including vaccines.
4) Regulating irrational subsidies provided for fishing
- Irrational subsidies provided for fishing that has led to the overexploitation of marine resources by countries like China, which is the largest catcher and exporter of fish.
- The WTO is close to signing a deal on regulating irrational subsidies
- This agreement should strike a balance between conserving ocean resources and the livelihood concerns of millions of small and marginal fishermen in countries like India.
5) Fragmentation of global governance due to plurilateral trade agreements
- The gridlock at the WTO has led to the emergence of mega plurilateral trade agreements like the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement.
- These mega plurilateral agreements not only fragment the global governance on international trade but also push the multilateral order to the margin, converting the WTO to what some call an “institutional zombie”.
Conclusion

Notwithstanding its flaws, the WTO is the only forum where developing countries like India, not party to any mega plurilateral trade agreements, can push for evolving an inclusive global trading order that responds to the systemic imbalances of extant globalisation. What is at stake is the future of trade multilateralism and not just an institution, in which India has a huge interest.

UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)
October 7, 2021

Major Tribes in India and PVTGs

07th Oct 2021

UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

Major Tribes in India: Arranged State-wise

Andhra Pradesh: Andh, Sadhu Andh, Bhagata, Bhil, Chenchus (Chenchawar), Gadabas, Gond, Goundu, Jatapus, Kammara, Kattunayakan, Kolawar, Kolam, Konda, Manna Dhora, Pardhan, Rona, Savaras, Dabba Yerukula, Nakkala, Dhulia, Thoti, Sugalis, Banjara, Kondareddis, Koya, Mukha Dhora, Valmiki , Yenadis, Sugalis, Lambadis.

Arunachal Pradesh: Apatanis, Abor, Dafla, Galong, Momba, Sherdukpen, Singpho, Nyishi, Mishmi, Idu, Taroan, Tagin, Adi, Monpa, Wancho

Assam: Chakma, Chutiya, Dimasa, Hajong, Garos, Khasis, Gangte, Karbi, Boro, Borokachari, Kachari, Sonwal, Miri, Rabha, Garo

Bihar: Asur, Baiga, Birhor, Birjia, Chero, Gond, Parhaiya, Santhals, Savar, Kharwar, Banjara, Oraon, Santal, Tharu

Chhattisgarh: Agariya, Bhaina, Bhattra, Biar, Khond, Mawasi, Nagasia, Gond, Binjhwar, Halba, Halbi, Kawar, Sawar,

Goa: Dhodia, Dubia, Naikda, Siddi,Varli, Gawda.

Gujarat: Barda, Bamcha, Bhil, Charan, Dhodia, Gamta, Paradhi, Patelia, Dhanka, Dubla, Talavia, Halpati, Kokna, Naikda, Patelia, Rathawa, Siddi.

Himachal Pradesh: Gaddis, Gujjars, Khas, Lamba, Lahaulas, Pangwala, Swangla, Beta, Beda Bhot, Bodh.

Jammu and Kashmir: Bakarwal, Balti, Beda, Gaddi, Garra, Mon, Purigpa, Sippi, Changpa, Gujjar.

Jharkhand: Birhors, Bhumij, Gonds, Kharia, Mundas, Santhals, Savar, Bedia, Ho, Kharwar, Lohra, Mahli, Parhaiya, Santal, Kol, Banjara.

Karnataka: Adiyan, Barda, Gond, Bhil, Iruliga, Koraga, Patelia, Yerava, Hasalaru, Koli Dhor, Marati , Meda, Naikda, Soligaru.

Kerala: Adiyan, Arandan, Eravallan, Kurumbas, Malai arayan, Moplahs, Uralis, Irular, Kanikaran, Kattunayakan, Kurichchan, Muthuvan.

Madhya Pradesh: Baigas, Bhils, Bharia, Birhors, Gonds, Katkari, kharia, Khond, Kol, Murias, Korku, Mawasi, Pardhan, Sahariya,

Maharashtra: Bhaina, Bhunjia, Dhodia, Katkari, Khond, Rathawa, Warlis, Dhanka, Halba, Kathodi, Kokna, Koli Mahadev, Pardhi, Thakur,

Manipur: Naga, Kuki, Meitei, Aimol, Angami, Chiru, Maram, Monsang, Paite, Purum, Thadou, Anal, Mao, Tangkhul, Thadou, Poumai Naga.

Meghalaya: Chakma, Garos, Hajong, Jaintias Khasis, Lakher, Pawai, Raba, Mikir.

Mizoram: Chakma, Dimasa, Khasi, Kuki, Lakher, Pawi, Raba, Synteng, Lushai

Nagaland: Angami, Garo, Kachari, Kuki, Mikir, Nagas, Sema, Ao, Chakhesang, Konyak, Lotha, Phom, Rengma, Sangtam.

Odisha: Gadaba, Ghara, Kharia, Khond, Matya, Oraons, Rajuar, Santhals, Bathudi, Bathuri, Bhottada, Bhumij, Gond, Juang, Kisan, Kolha, Kora, Khayara, Koya, Munda, Paroja, Saora, Shabar, Lodha.

Rajasthan: Bhils, Damaria, Dhanka, Meenas(Minas), Patelia, Sahariya, Naikda, Nayaka, Kathodi.

Sikkim: Bhutia, Khas, Lepchas, Limboo, Tamang

Tamil Nadu: Adiyan, Aranadan, Eravallan, Irular, Kadar, Kanikar, Kotas, Todas, Kurumans, Malayali,

Telangana: Chenchus.

Tripura: Bhil, Bhutia, Chaimal, Chakma, Halam, Khasia, Lushai, Mizel, Namte, Mag, Munda, Riang,

Uttarakhand: Bhotias, Buksa, Jannsari, Khas, Raji, Tharu.

Uttar Pradesh: Bhotia, Buksa, Jaunsari, Kol, Raji, Tharu, Gond, Kharwar, Saharya , Parahiya, Baiga, Agariya, Chero

West Bengal: Asur, Khond, Hajong, Ho, Parhaiya, Rabha, Santhals, Savar, Bhumij, Bhutia, Chik Baraik, Kisan, Kora, Lodha, Kheria, Khariam, Mahali, Mal Pahariya, Oraon,

Andaman and Nicobar: Oraons, Onges, Sentinelese, Shompens.

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups

The government of India follows the following criteria for the identification of PVTGs.

Pre-agricultural level of technology
Low level of literacy
Economic backwardness
A declining or stagnant population.

Accordingly, 75 PTVGs have been identified in the country.

State / UT Name	PVTGs Name
Andhra Pradesh and Telangana	1. Bodo Gadaba 2. Bondo Poroja 3. Chenchu 4. Dongria Khond 5. Gutob Gadaba 6. Khond Poroja 7. Kolam 8. Kondareddis 9. Konda Savaras 10. Kutia Khond 11. Parengi Poroja l2. Thoti
Bihar and Jharkhand	13. Asurs 14. Birhor 15. Birjia 16. Hill Kharia 17. Konvas 18. Mal Paharia 19. Parhaiyas 20. Sauda Paharia 21. Savar
Jharkhand	Same as above
Gujarat	22. Kathodi 23. Kohvalia 24. Padhar 25. Siddi 26. Kolgha
Karnataka	27. Jenu Kuruba 28. Koraga
Kerala	29. Cholanaikayan (a section of Kattunaickans) 30. Kadar 31. Kattunayakan 32. Kurumbas 33. Koraga
Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh	34. Abujh Macias 35. Baigas 36. Bharias 37. Hill Korbas 38. Kamars 39. Saharias 40. Birhor
Chhattisgarh	Same as above
Maharashtra	41. Katkaria (Kathodia) 42. Kolam 43. Maria Gond
Manipur	44. Marram Nagas
Odisha	45. Birhor 46. Bondo 47. Didayi 48. Dongria-Khond 49. Juangs 50. Kharias 51. Kutia Kondh 52. Lanjia Sauras 53. Lodhas 54. Mankidias 55. Paudi Bhuyans 56. Soura 57. Chuktia Bhunjia
Rajasthan	58. Seharias
Tamil Nadu	59. Kattu Nayakans 60. Kotas 61. Kurumbas 62. Irulas 63. Paniyans 64. Todas
Tripura	65. Reangs
Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand	66. Buxas 67. Rajis
West Bengal	68. Birhor 69. Lodhas 70. Totos
Andaman & Nicobar Islands	71. Great Andamanese 72. Jarawas 73. Onges 74. Sentinelese 75. Shorn Pens

Samanvaya: Free 1-to-1 mentorship for UPSC IAS

Fill up this form to schedule a free on-call discussion with senior mentor from Civilsdaily. Once submitted we will call you within 24 hours.

Name *

Mobile *

Email ID *

City *

When are you planning to attempt UPSC-CSE? *

Are you preparing full time or along with the job? *

Number of Prelim Attempts till now? *

Number of Mains attempts till now? *

What is your optional subject?

Have you joined any offline or online coaching classes? *

What is your specific query? *

Are you preparing for UPSC-CSE in English? *

Lead Source *

Field will not be visible to web visitor

What is the right date and time to call you for one on one mentor-ship? *

{“LSQLeadFields”:[{“Seq”:1,”Name”:”First Name”,”SchemaName”:”FirstName”,”Type”:”text”,”CtrlType”:”textbox”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Name”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:””,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”First Name”,”Position”:”1,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:3,”Name”:”Email”,”SchemaName”:”EmailAddress”,”Type”:”email”,”CtrlType”:”email”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Email ID”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:””,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Email”,”Position”:”3,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:true,”FieldConfiguration”:{“IsDefaultSearchKey”:true,”FormatValidationRequired”:true,”ValidationRegex”:””,”ValidationMessage”:””,”MaxLength”:100,”ValidationFor”:””,”AdditionalConfiguration”:{“AllowLeadingZero”:false,”DefaultCC”:null,”IfCCNotProvided”:0,”PhoneNumberFormat”:0}},”IsSearchKey”:true},{“Seq”:4,”Name”:”Phone Number”,”SchemaName”:”Phone”,”Type”:”phone”,”CtrlType”:”phone”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Mobile”,”MinLength”:”10″,”MaxLength”:”10″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:””,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Phone Number”,”Position”:”2,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:9,”Name”:”Contacts Source”,”SchemaName”:”Source”,”Type”:”select”,”CtrlType”:”dropdown”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Lead Source”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”50″,”DefaultValue”:”Samanvaya Landing Page”,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:”[{“Text”:”Organic Search”,”Value”:”Organic Search”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Referral Sites”,”Value”:”Referral Sites”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Direct Traffic”,”Value”:”Direct Traffic”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Social Media”,”Value”:”Social Media”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Customer Referral”,”Value”:”Customer Referral”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”DTA”,”Value”:”DTA”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Inbound Phone call”,”Value”:”Inbound Phone call”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Office Walk-In”,”Value”:”Office Walk-In”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Facebook”,”Value”:”Facebook”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Webinar”,”Value”:”Webinar”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Inbound Email”,”Value”:”Inbound Email”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Pay per Click Ads”,”Value”:”Pay per Click Ads”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Outbound Phone call”,”Value”:”Outbound Phone call”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”google”,”Value”:”google”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”quora”,”Value”:”quora”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Samanvaya Landing Page”,”Value”:”Samanvaya Landing Page”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:””,”Value”:””,”IsDefault”:true},{“Text”:”Contact Form 7″,”Value”:”Contact Form 7″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”LiveChat”,”Value”:”LiveChat”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Habitat Form”,”Value”:”Habitat Form”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Interview 2020 pool”,”Value”:”Interview 2020 pool”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Webchat”,”Value”:”Webchat”,”IsDefault”:false}]”,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Lead Source”,”Position”:”13,1″,”IsHidden”:”1″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:37,”Name”:”City”,”SchemaName”:”mx_City”,”Type”:”text”,”CtrlType”:”textbox”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”City”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”50″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:””,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”City”,”Position”:”4,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:null,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:225,”Name”:”Are you preparing for UPSC_CSE in English”,”SchemaName”:”mx_Are_you_preparing_for_UPSC_CSE_in_English”,”Type”:”select”,”CtrlType”:”dropdown”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Are you preparing for UPSC-CSE in English?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:”[{“Text”:””,”Value”:””,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Yes”,”Value”:”Yes”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”No”,”Value”:”No”,”IsDefault”:false}]”,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Are you preparing for UPSC_CSE in English”,”Position”:”12,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:235,”Name”:”What is your specific querys”,”SchemaName”:”mx_What_is_your_specific_query”,”Type”:”text”,”CtrlType”:”textbox”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”What is your specific query?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:””,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”What is your specific query”,”Position”:”11,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:236,”Name”:”What is your optional subject”,”SchemaName”:”mx_What_is_your_optional_subject”,”Type”:”text”,”CtrlType”:”textbox”,”IsMandatory”:”0″,”DisplayName”:”What is your optional subject?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:””,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”What is your optional subject”,”Position”:”9,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:237,”Name”:”What is the right date and time to call you for one on one mentorships”,”SchemaName”:”mx_What_is_the_right_date_and_time_to_call_you_for_on”,”Type”:”text”,”CtrlType”:”textbox”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”What is the right date and time to call you for one on one mentor-ship?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:””,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”What is the right date and time to call you for on”,”Position”:”14,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:247,”Name”:”Number of Prelim Attempts till now”,”SchemaName”:”mx_Number_of_Prelim_Attempts_till_now”,”Type”:”select”,”CtrlType”:”dropdown”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Number of Prelim Attempts till now?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:”[{“Text”:””,”Value”:””,”IsDefault”:true},{“Text”:”0″,”Value”:”0″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”1″,”Value”:”1″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”2″,”Value”:”2″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”3″,”Value”:”3″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”4″,”Value”:”4″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”More than 4″,”Value”:”More than 4″,”IsDefault”:false}]”,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Number of Prelim Attempts till now”,”Position”:”7,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:248,”Name”:”Number of Mains attempts till now”,”SchemaName”:”mx_Number_of_Mains_attempts_till_now”,”Type”:”select”,”CtrlType”:”dropdown”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Number of Mains attempts till now?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:”[{“Text”:””,”Value”:””,”IsDefault”:true},{“Text”:”0″,”Value”:”0″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”1″,”Value”:”1″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”2″,”Value”:”2″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”3″,”Value”:”3″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”4″,”Value”:”4″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”More than 4″,”Value”:”More than 4″,”IsDefault”:false}]”,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Number of Mains attempts till now”,”Position”:”8,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:249,”Name”:”Are you Preparing Full time or along with the job”,”SchemaName”:”mx_Are_you_Preparing_Full_time_or_along_with_the_job”,”Type”:”select”,”CtrlType”:”dropdown”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Are you preparing full time or along with the job?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”100″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:”[{“Text”:””,”Value”:””,”IsDefault”:true},{“Text”:”Preparing full time”,”Value”:”Preparing full time”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”With a job”,”Value”:”With a job”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Still in college”,”Value”:”Still in college”,”IsDefault”:false}]”,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Are you Preparing Full time or along with the job”,”Position”:”6,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:258,”Name”:”Have you joined any offline or online coaching “,”SchemaName”:”mx_Have_you_joined_any_offline_or_online_coaching”,”Type”:”select”,”CtrlType”:”dropdown”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”Have you joined any offline or online coaching classes?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”50″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:”[{“Text”:””,”Value”:””,”IsDefault”:true},{“Text”:”No”,”Value”:”No”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”I have done coaching earlier”,”Value”:”I have done coaching earlier”,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”Currently enrolled in one”,”Value”:”Currently enrolled in one”,”IsDefault”:false}]”,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”Have you joined any offline or online coaching “,”Position”:”10,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false},{“Seq”:259,”Name”:”When are you planning to attempt UPSC CSE 2020 22″,”SchemaName”:”mx_When_are_you_planning_to_attempt_UPSC_CSE_2020_22″,”Type”:”select”,”CtrlType”:”dropdown”,”IsMandatory”:”1″,”DisplayName”:”When are you planning to attempt UPSC-CSE?”,”MinLength”:””,”MaxLength”:”50″,”DefaultValue”:””,”MaskText”:null,”OptionValues”:”[{“Text”:””,”Value”:””,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”2021″,”Value”:”2021″,”IsDefault”:false},{“Text”:”2022″,”Value”:”2022″,”IsDefault”:true}]”,”ChildFields”:[],”FormLabel”:”When are you planning to attempt UPSC CSE 2020 22″,”Position”:”5,1″,”IsHidden”:”0″,”IsUsedinForm”:”1″,”Height”:”0″,”SMSVerification”:”0″,”AllowOnlyValidData”:true,”ParentField”:””,”IsUnique”:false,”FieldConfiguration”:null,”IsSearchKey”:false}],”Version”:”2.0″,”FormWidth”:”431″,”FormSize”:””,”FieldLabelColor”:”#000000″,”FieldLabelFontSize”:12,”FieldLabelFontWeight”:”normal”,”FieldLabelFontFamily”:”Open Sans”,”FieldHeight”:”30″,”FieldColor”:”#999999″,”FieldBackgroundColor”:”#ffffff”,”FieldFontFamily”:”Open Sans”,”FieldBorderColor”:”#dedede”,”FieldBorderWidth”:”1″,”FieldCornerRadius”:”0″,”FieldShadow”:”1″,”ButtonText”:”Submit”,”ButtonTextFontFamily”:”Open Sans”,”ButtonTextFontSize”:16,”ButtonTextFontWeight”:”bold”,”ButtonTextColor”:”#ffffff”,”ButtonColor”:”#fe4c39″,”ButtonWidth”:”148″,”ButtonHeight”:”37″,”ButtonCornerRadius”:”20″,”ButtonStyle”:”gradient”,”ButtonAlignment”:”center”,”BackgroundColor”:”transparent”,”Layout”:”fluid”,”LabelPlacement”:”top”,”ContainsCaptcha”:false,”ContainsGoogleRecaptcha”:false,”GoogleRecaptchaVersion”:””,”GoogleRecaptchaScore”:”0.5″,”ContainsPasswordField”:false,”AccountPhoneNumberFormat”:”DEFAULT”,”DefaultCountryCode”:”91″,”ContainsDPR”:false,”ContainsDPRDetails”:false}

October 7, 2021

Last Minute Revision Modules for UPSC CSE Prelims 2021

Revision and practice of the mock test have incomparable importance in the UPSC Prelims examination. Considering this year’s prelims being just a week ahead, it’s high time that all of the appearing aspirants should go through the important and most repetiting topics being asked in the exam.

Looking at the demand of the examination, we have started the “Mission Nikalo Prelims’ initiative for better coverage of the syllabus. We have cherrypicked the ‘60 most important topics‘ from where a maximum number of questions have been asked by UPSC in the past 10 years. We have accompanied the mock tests so that the practice angle should also get covered.

It’s the best time to give the final touch to your preparation and cover the topics which have left due to a dearth of time. The link to the initiative is given below:

Mission Nikalo Prelims (Click here)

All the best!

October 7, 2021
Boost your UPSC Prelims 2021 Score by 25 Marks by using these 10 Smart Techniques || by Sajal Sir (Webinar Link Inside)

https://youtu.be/nWSptxBC9r0

Speak directly to Civilsdaily IAS Mentors:- https://bit.ly/Free_One_to_One_Mentorship

To know more about Civilsdaily: https://www.civilsdaily.com/ias-2021-22-mentorship/

Dear Aspirants,

Even with a similar syllabus and similar study materials, most candidates fall in one of the following four categories when it comes to their Prelims score:

1) Prelims score 0-40: They need to work on improving their knowledge and learn answering tricks
2) Prelims score 50-70: They have decent knowledge and decent answering tricks.
3) Prelims score 80-100: They have good knowledge but they need to develop answering tricks.
4) Prelims score 120+: They have excellent knowledge and know all the answering tricks.

Sajal Sir is here to help you boost your UPSC Prelims 2021 Score by 25 Marks by using these 10 Smart Techniques

October 7, 2021
A strategy for India in a world that is adrift
This article discusses new situations prompted by the tectonic shifts in India’s internal and external environment to take another look at India’s path to power in a world between orders.

New global order: No Order
- Multipolarity: The world is today adrift. We are neither in a bipolar Cold War nor in a multipolar world, though perhaps tending towards a world of several power centres.
- Lack of cohesion: The lack of a coherent international response to the COVID-19 pandemic is proof of an absence of international order and of the ineffectiveness of multilateral institutions.
- Climate ignorance: So is the ineffective international response to climate change and other transnational threats.
What are the major shifts in global order?
- Secular stagnation
- Retreat from globalisation
- Regionalisation of trade
- Shifting balance of power
- Rise of China and others
- Structural China-United States strategic rivalry
All above factors have shifted the geopolitical and economic centres of gravity from the Atlantic to Asia.

Major Concerns
- Chauvinism: Inequality between and within states has bred a narrow nationalism and parochialism.
- Existential threats: We are entering a new polarised information age, and face ecological crises of the Anthropocene, making climate change an existential threat.
Asia as the nucleus: With focus on China
- Shift of focus by the US: Over the next decade we expect Asia to remain the cockpit of geopolitical rivalries, and that the US remains the most formidable power, though its relative power is declining.
- China at the centre: China sees a window of opportunity but acts in a hurry, suggesting that she believes that window may close or is already closing due to push back from the West and others.
China’s expansionism
- China’s crowded geography constrains her both on land and at sea.
- Hence it expects her profile and power to continue expanding, particularly in our periphery.
- The result is likely continued friction, some cooperation, and quasi-adversarial relations between India and China, which others will take advantage of.
- Overall, we do not expect conventional conflict between the great powers in Asia, though other forms and levels of violence and contention in the international system will rise, with Taiwan a special case.
Opportunities in disguise for India
- The uncertainty and changing geopolitical environment clearly pose considerable challenges to Indian policy.
- However, it also throws up certain opportunities, enhancing our strategic options and diplomatic space, if we adjust policies internally and externally, particularly in the subcontinent.
How can India reap the benefits?
- Enhancing ties with the US: Increasing security congruence with the US could enable growing cooperation in fields significant for India’s transformation: energy, trade, investment, education and health.
- Climate cooperation: Other areas in which India and the U.S. could increase cooperation are: climate change and energy, tech solutions for renewable energy, and on digital cooperation.
- Neighbourhood first: Several middle powers like Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Indonesia in the neighbourhood are now India’s natural partners.
- Digital space: This time of transition between orders is also when new standards and norms are being developed, particularly in the digital space. India can and must be present at the creation.
- Maritime cooperation: At sea, the balance is today more favourable to us than before, possibly more so than on the continent. India must bat for the creation of a Maritime Commission in IOR.
Bottlenecks in India’s neighbourhood policy
- Over securitisation of policy: towards our neighbours has driven trade underground, criminalised our borders.
- Conducive environment for entry of China: This has enabled the large-scale entry of Chinese goods destroying local industry in the northeast.
- Lack of self-strengthening: While lessening dependence on China, and seeking external balancing, our primary effort has to concentrate on self-strengthening.
- Lack of socio-political enterprise: If there is one country which in terms of its size, population, economic potential, scientific and technological capabilities can match or even surpass China, it is India.
Way forward for India

(A) Bringing multipolarity in Asia.
- The way forward should be based on the core strategic principles in Non-Alignment 2.0 which are still relevant: independent judgement, developing our capacities, and creating an equitable and enabling international order for India’s transformation.
- Today’s situation makes India’s strategic autonomy all the more essential.
(B) Making an issue-based coalition
- India must adjust to changing circumstances. We have no choice but to engage with this uncertain and more volatile world.
- One productive way to do so would be through issue-based coalitions including different actors, depending on who has an interest and capability.
(C) Reviving SAARC
- India must craft and reinvigorate regional institutions and processes in the neighbourhood, reviving the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) for instance.
- India could be the primary source of both prosperity and security in the neighbourhood — the subcontinent and the Indian Ocean Region.
Conclusion
- Economic policy must match political and strategic engagement.
- Globalisation has been central to India’s growth.
- A more active regional and international role for India is incompatible with a position on the margins of the global economy.
- Self-reliance in today’s world and technologies can only be realised as part of the global economy.
- We should not imitate China’s claims to being a civilisational state and its adoption of victimhood.
- Instead, we should affirm our own strength and historic national identity.
UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)
October 7, 2021
Government asks Supreme Court to set norms for quota in promotions
The Union government has urged the Supreme Court to do away with the requirement of collecting quantifiable data by the Centre and states to determine the representation of people belonging to Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) while implementing reservation in promotion.

Supreme Court directive on Quota in Promotions

Background
- The top court has called it “disturbing” that the Union government did not discontinue reservation in promotion for people belonging to SC/STs.
- It referred to their numbers exceeded the upper ceiling of 15% and 7.5% respectively, of positions in some classes of central government jobs.
Quota in Promotions: A timeline

What was the case?
- The Union government has been pressing for reservation in promotion proportionate to the population of SCs and STs as per a 1995 judgment by the top court in the RK Sabharwal case.
- It wants it to be left open to the Centre and states to decide on promotional avenues for SCs and STs.
- It claims that the condition regarding collection of quantifiable data to show inadequacy of representation of SCs/STs is “vague”.
- Advocates representing general category have contended that the reservation cannot be for an indefinite period and that it must stop as soon as the upper ceiling has been reached.
- Further, they have emphasised that reservation in promotion should be cadre-based only after quantifiable data is collected and the creamy layer has been excluded.
Defying the need for quantifiable data
- Attorney General sought to convince the court that the roster system, based on the proportionate population of SCs/STs, has been working quite well in all government departments.
- The condition of collecting quantifiable data on inadequacy of representation of SCs/STs may not be required at all.
- He urged that there is no need to verify any further or collect quantifiable data after the roster system.
Referring to the Nagraj Case
- Article 16(4A) of Indian Constitution allows reservations to SCs and STs in promotions, as long as the government believes that they are not adequately represented in government services.
- In 2006, a Constitution bench’s ruling in the M Nagaraj case made it incumbent upon the state to collect quantifiable data showing inadequacy of representation in public employment.
- This was to be done in addition to maintaining overall administrative efficiency.
Why such demand by the Centre?
- The Attorney General has said that it is tough for a member of the SC/ST to reach the ‘Group A’ category jobs.
- The time has come for the apex court to firm up and draw the basis for reservation in promotions for SC/ST candidates to fill up vacancies in top jobs.
- The Bench referred to records filed before it to note that there was low representation of SC/ST category in Group A jobs.
- Instead of improving the situation in the Group A ranks, the court said, efforts are on to ensure adequate representation in Groups B and C. This was not fair, it remarked.
Must read:

[Burning Issue] SC judgement on Reservation not being a Fundamental Right

UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)
October 7, 2021
Nobel Prize 2021
(1) Nobel Prize for Economic Sciences, 2021

The 2021 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences has been awarded in one half to Canadian-born David Card and the other half jointly to Israeli-American Joshua D Angrist and Dutch-American Guido W Imbens.
- David Card has been awarded for his empirical contributions to labor economics. Joshua D Angrist and Guido W Imbens won the award “for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships.”
- The 2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to Paul R Milgrom and Robert B Wilson “for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats”.
Contributions
- David Card: He has analyzed how minimum wages, immigration and education impact the labor market.
  - One of the significant findings of this research was that“increasing the minimum wage does not necessarily lead to fewer jobs”.
  - It also led to the understanding that“people who were born in a country can benefit from new immigration, while people who immigrated at an earlier time risk being negatively affected”.
  - It also illuminated the role of resources available in school in shaping the future of students in the labor market.
- Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens: They were rewarded for their “methodological contributions” to the research tool.
  - Their work demonstrated “how precise conclusions about cause and effect can be drawn from natural experiments”.
(2) Nobel Prize for Chemistry, 2021

The 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Benjamin List and David MacMillan for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis.
- Last year, the honour went to Frenchwoman Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer Doudna, for developing the gene-editing technique known as CRISPR-Cas9 – DNA snipping “scissors”.
About the Development
- They have developed a new and ingenious tool for molecule building: organocatalysis.
  - Many research areas and industries are dependent on chemists’ ability to construct molecules that can form elastic and durable materials, store energy in batteries or inhibit the progression of diseases. This work requires catalysts.
  - According to researchers, there were just two types of catalysts available: metals and enzymes. Catalysts are any substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself being consumed.
- In 2000, they, independent of each other, developed a third type of catalysis. It is called asymmetric organocatalysis and builds upon small organic molecules.
- Significance:
  - Its uses include research into new pharmaceuticals and it has also helped make chemistry greener.
  - Both these sets of catalysts (metals and enzymes) had limitations.
  - Heavier metals are expensive, difficult to mine, and toxic to humans and the environment.
    
    Despite the best processes, traces remained in the end product; this posed problems in situations where compounds of very high purity were required, like in the manufacture of medicines.
    
    Also, metals required an environment free of water and oxygen, which was difficult to ensure on an industrial scale.
  - Enzymes on the other hand, work best when water is used as a medium for the chemical reaction. But that is not an environment suitable for all kinds of chemical reactions.
Organocatalysis
- - Organic compounds are mostly naturally-occurring substances, built around a framework of carbon atoms and usually containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, or phosphorus.
  - Life-supporting chemicals like proteins, which are long chains of amino acids (carbon compounds containing nitrogen and oxygen) are organic.
  - Enzymes are also proteins, and therefore, organic compounds. These are responsible for many essential biochemical reactions.
  - Organocatalysts allow several steps in a production process to be performed in an unbroken sequence, considerably reducing waste in chemical manufacturing.
  - Organocatalysis has developed at an astounding speed since 2000. Benjamin List and David MacMillan remain leaders in the field, and have shown that organic catalysts can be used to drive multitudes of chemical reactions.
    
    Using these reactions, researchers can now more efficiently construct anything from new pharmaceuticals to molecules that can capture light in solar cells.
Asymmetric Organocatalysis
- - The process called asymmetric organocatalysis has made it much easier to produce asymmetric molecules – chemicals that exist in two versions, where one is a mirror image of the other.
  - Chemists often just want one of these mirror images – particularly when producing medicines – but it has been difficult to find efficient methods for doing this.
  - Some molecules with mirror versions have different properties. An example is the chemical called carvone, which has one form that smells like spearmint and a counterpart that smells like the herb, dill.
  - Different versions of the same molecule might have different effects when ingested. Then it becomes important to be able to make only the mirror image of a drug that has the desired physiological effect.
(3) Nobel Prize in Physics, 2021

The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded with one half jointly to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and the other half to Giorgio Parisi “for groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems.”
- This is the first time climate scientists (Manabe and Hasselmann) have been awarded the Physics Nobel. Last year, the award was given for the research into black holes.
Manabe and Hasselmann
- Awarded for work in physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming.
- Demonstrated how increases in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would increase global temperatures, laying the foundations for current climate models.
Parisi
- Awarded for “the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales.”
- He “built a deep physical and mathematical model” that made it possible to understand complex systems in fields such as mathematics, biology, neuroscience and machine learning.
(4) Nobel Prize for Physiology/Medicine, 2021

Recently, two United States-based scientists, David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian have been awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize for Physiology/Medicine for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.
- They have focused their work on the field of somatosensation, that is the ability of specialized organs such as eyes, ears and skin to see, hear and feel.
About the Discoveries

David Julius:
- He discovered TRPV1, a heat-sensing receptor.
- His findings on the skin’s sense of temperature was based on how certain cells react to capsaicin, the molecule that makes chili peppers spicy, by simulating a false sensation of heat.
Ardem Patapoutian
- He discovered two mechanosensitive ion channels known as the Piezo channels.
  - The Piezo1 is named after the Greek word for pressure, ‘píesi’.
- He is credited for finding the cellular mechanism and the underlying gene that translates a mechanical force on our skin into an electric nerve signal.
Significance of Discoveries
- - The findings have allowed us to understand how heat, cold and mechanical force can initiate the nerve impulses that allow us to perceive and adapt to the world around us.
  - This knowledge is being used to develop treatments for a wide range of disease conditions, including chronic pain.
Back To Basics: About Nobel Prizes
- The will of the Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel established the five Nobel prizes in 1895.
- The Nobel Prizes are a set of recognition given to fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine by The Nobel Foundation.
  - The Nobel Foundation is a private institution established in 1900, has ultimate responsibility for fulfilling the intentions in Alfred Nobel’s will.
- The prizes in Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine were first awarded in 1901.
- In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank established the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.
October 7, 2021
Mosquirix: First malaria vaccine to get WHO nod
In a historic move, the World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed the first anti-malarial vaccine, as mankind enters a key turning point in a battle waged relentlessly over decades between man and mosquito, the vector.

Mosquirix
- RTS,S/ASO1 (RTS.S), trade name Mosquirix acts against P. falciparum, the most deadly malaria parasite globally, and the most prevalent in Africa.
- The vaccine was able to prevent approximately 4 in 10 cases of malaria over a 4-year period in Africa.
- This is the first malaria vaccine that has completed the clinical development process.
- It is also the first malaria vaccine to be introduced by three national ministries of health through their childhood immunization programs — more than 800,000 children in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi.
- have been vaccinated, and are benefiting from the added protection provided by the vaccine as part of a pilot program.
How the vaccine can help?
- WHO’s recommendation is based on the advice of its two global advisory bodies, one for immunization and the other for malaria.
- WHO has recommended that in the context of comprehensive malaria control, the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine be used for the prevention of P. falciparum malaria in children living in regions with moderate to high transmission as defined by it.
- The malaria vaccine should be provided in a schedule of 4 doses in children from 5 months of age for the reduction of malaria disease and burden.
Back2Basics: Malaria
- Malaria is caused by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito if the mosquito itself is infected with a malarial parasite.
- There are five kinds of malarial parasites — Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax (the commonest ones), Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium knowlesi.
- Therefore, to say that someone has contracted the Plasmodium ovale type of malaria means that the person has been infected by that particular parasite.
- Malaria is treated with prescription drugs to kill the parasite. Chloroquine is the preferred treatment for any parasite that is sensitive to the drug.
Countries that have eliminated malaria
- Globally, the elimination net is widening, with more countries moving towards the goal of zero malaria.
- In 2019, 27 countries reported fewer than 100 indigenous cases of the disease, up from 6 countries in 2000.
- Countries that have achieved at least 3 consecutive years of zero indigenous cases of malaria are eligible to apply for the WHO certification of malaria elimination.
- 11 countries have been certified as malaria-free: United Arab Emirates (2007), Morocco (2010), Turkmenistan (2010), Armenia (2011), Sri Lanka (2016), Kyrgyzstan (2016), Paraguay (2018), Uzbekistan (2018), Algeria (2019), Argentina (2019), and El Salvador (2021).
Burden of Malaria in India
- In 2018, the National Vector-borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) estimated that approximately 5 lakh people suffered from malaria.
- 63% of the cases were of Plasmodium falciparum.
- The recent World Malaria Report 2020 said cases in India dropped from about 20 million in 2000 to about 5.6 million in 2019.
UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)
October 7, 2021
Renaming of the Jim Corbett National Park
The Union Minister of State for Environment, Forest and Climate Change has recently proposed to change the name of Corbett National Park to Ramganga National Park.

Who was Jim Corbett?
- Born in Nainital in 1875, Edward James Corbett lived in India till Independence, after which he left for Kenya where he died in 1955.
- India’s best known hunter, Corbett earned fame after he tracked down and killed a number of man-eating tigers and leopards (he is said to have killed over a dozen).
- An ace shot, Corbett was called upon regularly by the government to track and shoot man-eaters in the villages of Garhwal and Kumaon in Uttarakhand.
Corbett National Park
- Jim Corbett National Park is a national park in India located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand state.
- The first national park in India, it was established in 1936 during the British Raj and named Haily National Park after a governor of the United Provinces in which it was then located.
- It was renamed Ramganga National Park, named after the river that flows through it, shortly after Independence and was rechristened yet again as Corbett National Park in 1956.
- Jim Corbett had played a leading role in its establishment and had died the year before.
- The park was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative.
The tiger reserve
- The national park along with the neighbouring 301-sq km-Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary together make the critical tiger habitat of the Corbett Tiger Reserve.
- With its hills, grasslands and streams, it is ideal tiger territory.
- The place from where Project Tiger was launched in 1973, with its tiger population at 163, it boasts of a single largest tiger population in a tiger reserve and one of the highest tiger densities in the country.
UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)
October 7, 2021
Bhoramdeo Tiger Reserve: Fourth TR in Chhattisgarh
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) approved the Chhattisgarh government’s proposal to declare the combined areas of the Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary as a Tiger Reserve.

Bhoramdeo Tiger Reserve
- The new Reserve is located in the northern part of the state, bordering Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand.
- This will be the fourth Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh, after the Udanti-Sitanadi, Achanakmar, and Indravati Reserves.
- The proposal was considered under Section 38V(1) of The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
- This section says that the State Government shall, on the recommendation of the Tiger Conservation Authority, notify an area as a tiger reserve.
A decade in making
- The Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary was identified as part of the Sarguja Jashpur Elephant Reserve in 2011.
- The Guru Ghasidas National Park used to be part of the Sanjay National Park in undivided Madhya Pradesh.
- Both were identified as reserve forests, and had been in line to be notified as Tiger Reserve since 2011.
Medium-sized reserve
- The constituent units of the new Tiger Reserve, Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary, are spread over 1,44,000 hectares (1,440 sq km) and 60,850 hectares (608.5 sq km) respectively.
- Guru Ghasidas National Park is in Koriya district; Tamor Pingla is in Surajpur district in the northwestern corner of Chhattisgarh.
UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)
October 7, 2021

Search results for: “”

Context

Challenges facing WTO

1) Disfunctional appellate body

2) Public stockholding for food security purposes

3) Disagreement on TRIPS waiver for Covid-19

4) Regulating irrational subsidies provided for fishing

5) Fragmentation of global governance due to plurilateral trade agreements

Conclusion

07th Oct 2021

Major Tribes in India: Arranged State-wise

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups

Samanvaya: Free 1-to-1 mentorship for UPSC IAS

Civilsdaily Samanvaya 1-On-1 Mentorship Form

New global order: No Order

What are the major shifts in global order?

Major Concerns

Asia as the nucleus: With focus on China

China’s expansionism

Opportunities in disguise for India

How can India reap the benefits?

Bottlenecks in India’s neighbourhood policy

Way forward for India

(A) Bringing multipolarity in Asia.

(B) Making an issue-based coalition

(C) Reviving SAARC

Conclusion

Background

Quota in Promotions: A timeline

What was the case?

Defying the need for quantifiable data

Referring to the Nagraj Case

Why such demand by the Centre?

Must read:

(1) Nobel Prize for Economic Sciences, 2021

(2) Nobel Prize for Chemistry, 2021

(3) Nobel Prize in Physics, 2021

(4) Nobel Prize for Physiology/Medicine, 2021

Back To Basics: About Nobel Prizes

Mosquirix

How the vaccine can help?

Back2Basics: Malaria

Burden of Malaria in India

Who was Jim Corbett?

Corbett National Park

The tiger reserve

Bhoramdeo Tiger Reserve

A decade in making

Medium-sized reserve

More posts