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Vera C Rubin Observatory 

Why in the News? The Vera C. Rubin Observatory has recently begun a 10-year project to study dark matter and dark energy using a 3,200-megapixel camera (of the Simonyi Survey Telescope) from its site in the Chilean Andes. About Vera C. Rubin Observatory: Location: The Vera C. Rubin Observatory is situated on Cerro Pachón in… Continue reading Vera C Rubin Observatory 

Indonesia’s Mount Lewotobi erupts

Why in the News? Mount Lewotobi Laki Laki in eastern Indonesia has erupted violently, spreading ash up to 18 kilometers into the sky. About Mount Lewotobi: Key Features Overview: Mount Lewotobi is a twin volcano located in East Nusa Tenggara province, consisting of Lewotobi Laki Laki (“Male”) and Lewotobi Perempuan (“Female”). Elevation and Activity: Lewotobi… Continue reading Indonesia’s Mount Lewotobi erupts

[8th July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Fostering a commitment to stop maternal deaths

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2020] In order to enhance the prospects of social development, sound and adequate health care policies are needed particularly in the fields of geriatric and maternal health care. Discuss. Linkage: The article on maternal mortality highlights various deficiencies in healthcare delivery and infrastructure (e.g., lack of specialists, blood banks, operation theatres, and… Continue reading [8th July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Fostering a commitment to stop maternal deaths

BRICS Rio Declaration, 2025

Why in the News? Gathering in Rio de Janeiro on July 6–7, leaders of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa adopted the BRICS Rio Declaration 2025 — marking a decisive shift in the bloc’s evolution. Back2Basics: BRICS BRICS represents a coalition of nations committed to fostering economic growth, development cooperation, and global governance reform.… Continue reading BRICS Rio Declaration, 2025

Operation Med Max

Why in the News? The Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) has busted a global drug network spanning four continents through secret Operation Med Max. Back2Basics: Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) Institutional Mandate: The NCB is India’s central drug law enforcement and intelligence agency, functioning under the Ministry of Home Affairs. Establishment: It was established on 14th November… Continue reading Operation Med Max

Invisible Exports of India

Why in the News? As of 2024–25, India’s “invisibles” trade—comprising services exports and private money transfers—has not only surpassed its merchandise exports but also emerged as a key stabiliser of the current account deficit. What are Invisible Exports (in India’s context)? What is it: Invisible exports refer to international trade in services and income flows… Continue reading Invisible Exports of India

In news: Nagari Pracharini Sabha

Why in the News? As language debates rise in Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu, the historic Nagari Pracharini Sabha, key to promoting Hindi and Devanagari, quietly resumed its work after decades. Hindi Under the British: A Language in Waiting Until the late 19th century, Persian remained the court language in much of India. Even by 1861,… Continue reading In news: Nagari Pracharini Sabha

[7th July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: The new battle challenge of China-Pakistan collusion

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2018] The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is viewed as a cardinal subset of China’s larger ‘One Belt One Road’ initiative. Give a brief description of CPEC and enumerate the reasons why India has distanced itself from the same. Linkage: The Article state that China’s traditional strategy involves “building up Pakistan’s strategic and… Continue reading [7th July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: The new battle challenge of China-Pakistan collusion

Ocean of Opportunities : Is IORA Missing the Global Playbook ?

N4S: UPSC often asks questions from such topics in a big-picture yet anchored manner. For example, the 2024 GS2 question on India-Central Asia wasn’t just about bilateral ties—it demanded a mix of regional strategy, economic engagement, and global relevance. Topics like IORA and the Indian Ocean Region are treated similarly. They sit at the intersection… Continue reading Ocean of Opportunities : Is IORA Missing the Global Playbook ?

Concern over falling household savings in India – what can be done

Why in the News? India’s household savings rate fell to 29.7% of GDP in 2022–23, the lowest level in 40 years, down from 34.6% in 2011–12. What led to the decline in household financial savings in India? Rise in Consumption Expenditure: After the COVID-19 pandemic, households increased spending on consumer durables, travel, and lifestyle, reducing… Continue reading Concern over falling household savings in India – what can be done

How Heat led to Protocells formation on Earth?

Why in the News? A new Nature Physics study suggests that warm volcanic rock surfaces may have concentrated organic molecules in watery cracks, triggering life-like chemistry—offering a clue to how protocells formed without membranes before life began. What are Protocells? Overview: Protocells are primitive, cell-like bubbles believed to be early precursors of real biological cells.… Continue reading How Heat led to Protocells formation on Earth?

In news: Seine River

Why in the News? French authorities have opened up the Seine River to public swimming for the very first time since 1923. About the Seine River: Overview: it is a major waterway in northern France, flowing through some of the country’s most important cultural and economic regions. Length and Rank: It is approximately 777 km(483… Continue reading In news: Seine River

‘3 by 35’ Initiative by WHO

Why in the News? The World Health Organisation (WHO) has launched the “3 by 35” initiative, urging countries to raise taxes on tobacco, alcohol, and sugary drinks by at least 50% by 2035 to fight rising chronic diseases. About the ‘3 by 35’ Initiative: Launch and Objective: The ‘3 by 35’ initiative was launched by… Continue reading ‘3 by 35’ Initiative by WHO

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