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Australia’s AUKUS Dilemma: Options and Challenges
Central Idea
- The AUKUS security partnership between the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom has important implications for Australia’s plans to operate a fleet of nuclear-powered submarines, with potential drawbacks.
What is AUKUS?
- Trilateral Partnership: AUKUS is a trilateral security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, announced on September 15, 2021. The partnership involves cooperation in various areas, including defence and security, technology, and climate change.
- Indo-Pacific region a primary focus: The AUKUS partnership is primarily focused on the Indo-Pacific region and aims to counter China’s growing influence in the region. As part of the partnership, Australia will acquire nuclear-powered submarines from the United States and the United Kingdom, which is seen as a significant shift in Australia’s defence posture.
- Promote Peace and stability: The three countries have emphasized that the partnership is not aimed at any specific country and is intended to promote peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific region.
Australia’s AUKUS Dilemma
- AUKUS Pathway Impact: Announcement about optimal pathway for AUKUS has implications for Australia’s plans to operate a fleet of nuclear-powered submarines
- Opposition from Regional Partners: Regional partners oppose Royal Australian Navy operating nuclear attack submarines, posing a challenge for Australia’s deterrence capabilities against potential adversaries
What are the Options for Australia’s Nuclear Submarines?
- Following AUKUS consultations, three main options have emerged,
1. US builds nuclear-powered attack submarines for Australia
2. UK expands Astute-class program to Australia
3. Trilateral effort to develop a new nuclear submarine design
What are the Challenges and Complexities for Australia’s Nuclear Submarines
- US uncertain on Australis’s nuclear subs: US Policymakers are sceptical about building nuclear-powered attack submarines for Australia due to national security concerns
- UK’s Dreadnought hinders Australia’s submarine expansion: UK’s construction of Dreadnought-class ballistic-missile submarine program and differences between Australian and American fleets pose a challenge for expanding Astute-class program to Australia
- Nuclear design challenges: Trilateral effort to develop a new nuclear submarine design faces challenges related to U.S. export controls and technology transfer agreement
- Nuclear tech complex and risky globally: The nuclear technology is complicated under the international system and poses potential proliferation risks.
The AUKUS Partnership: Implications for India
- Increased security cooperation: The partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States is likely to lead to increased security cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region. This could help to balance out China’s growing military and economic power in the region and could create opportunities for India to work more closely with these countries on shared security concerns.
- Potential for technological collaboration: AUKUS includes cooperation in technology and could lead to opportunities for India to collaborate with the three countries in areas such as artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and cybersecurity. This could help to bolster India’s technological capabilities and could lead to new opportunities for trade and investment.
- Impact on regional dynamics: The announcement of AUKUS could have a significant impact on regional dynamics in the Indo-Pacific, particularly in terms of how other countries in the region respond. India will need to carefully navigate these dynamics and ensure that its own interests are protected.
Conclusion
- The AUKUS security partnership has significant implications for Australia’s defence capabilities and strategic positioning in maritime Asia. However, it poses significant challenges and risks. Even with its closest allies, the U.S. faces difficulties transferring technology, highlighting the challenges for India and other countries in acquiring critical technology from the U.S. The AUKUS developments may have broader implications for regional security and nuclear technology.
Mains Question

Q. Evaluate the broader implications of the AUKUS developments for regional security and nuclear technology.

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March 13, 2023
[Sansad TV] Diplomatic Dispatch: India-Australia Ties
Context
- Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese has completed his three-day state visit to India.
- This is Anthony Albanese’s first high-level visit to India as the Australian Prime Minister.
India-Australia Relations: A Backgrounder
- The India-Australia bilateral relationship has undergone evolution in recent years, developing along a positive track, into a friendly partnership.
- The two nations have much in common, underpinned by shared values of a pluralistic, Westminster-style democracy, Commonwealth traditions, expanding economic engagement etc.
- Several commonalities include strong, vibrant, secular and multicultural democracies, free press, independent judicial system and English language.
Historical Perspective
- Early colonization: The historical ties between India and Australia started immediately following European settlement in Australia from 1788.
- A penal colony: All trade, to and fro from the penal colony of New South Wales was controlled by the British East India Company through Kolkata.
- Diplomatic ties: India and Australia established diplomatic relations in the pre-Independence period, with the establishment of India Trade Office in Sydney in 1941.
- Expansion of ties: The end of the Cold War and simultaneously, India’s decision to launch major economic reforms in 1991 provided the first positive move towards development of bilateral ties.
Various dimensions of ties

[A] Political partnership

Both countries are members of-
1. G-20
2. ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF),
3. IORA (Indian Ocean Rim Association),
4. Asia Pacific Partnership on Climate and Clean Development,
5. East Asia Summit and
6. The Commonwealth
7. QUAD (Quadrilateral Security Dialogue)
- Australia has been highly supportive of India’s quest for membership of the APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation).
- Australia wholeheartedly welcomed India’s joining of the MTCR (Missile Technology Control Regime).
[B] Trade and Economy
- 5^th largest trade partner: India is the 5th largest trade partner of Australia with trade in goods and services.
- Huge trade volume: Two-way trade between India and Australia was worth A$ 24.3 billion ($18.3 billion) in 2020, up from just $13.6 billion in 2007, according to the Australian government.
- Uranium exports: After a series of attempts, in 2016, Australia opened the door for uranium exports to India.
- R&D: An Australia-India Strategic Research Fund (AISRF) which was established in 2006, supports collaboration between scientists in India and Australia on cutting-edge research.
[C] Cultural ties
- P2P ties: There is longstanding people-to-people ties to, ever-increasing Indian students coming to Australia for higher education.
- Bond over cricket and tourism: Growing tourism and sporting links, especially Cricket and Hockey, have played a significant role in further strengthening bilateral relations between the two countries.
- Skilled workforce: India is one of the top sources of skilled immigrants to Australia.
- Indian students: The number of Indian students continue to grow with approximately 105,000 students presently studying in Australian universities.
- Diaspora: After England, India is the second largest migrant group in Australia in 2020.
[D] Strategic Partnership
- In 2009, India and Australia established a ‘Strategic Partnership’, including a Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation, which was further elevated to Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2020.
- The Mutual Logistics Support Agreement that has been signed during the summit should enhance defense cooperation and ease the conduct of large-scale joint military exercises.
- There is a technical Agreement on White Shipping Information Exchange.
- Both nations conduct bilateral maritime exercise AUSINDEX. In 2018, Indian Air Force participated for the first time in the Exercise Pitch Black in Australia.
- Foreign and Defence Ministers of both countries agreed to meet biennially in a ‘2+2’ format.
- The first-ever Quad Leaders’ Virtual Summit held on 12 March 2021 saw the participation of Prime Ministers of India, Australia, Japan and President of USA.
- A Civil Nuclear Cooperation Agreement between the two countries was signed in September 2014 during the visit of then PM Tony Abbott to India.
Significance of the ties
- COVID Management: Australia is one of the few countries that has managed to combat COVID-19 so far through “controlled adaptation” by which the coronavirus has been suppressed to very low levels.
- STEM: From farming practices through food processing, supply and distribution to consumers, the Australian agribusiness sector has the desired R&D capacity, experience and technical knowledge.
- Natural resources: Australia is rich in natural resources that India’s growing economy needs. It also has huge reservoirs of strength in higher education, scientific and technological research.
- Alliance with US: The two countries also have increasingly common military platforms as India’s defence purchases from the US continue to grow.
- Affinity with ASEAN: Australia has deep economic, political and security connections with the ASEAN and a strategic partnership with one of the leading non-aligned nations, Indonesia.
- Containing China: The Indo-Pacific region has the potential to facilitate connectivity and trade between India and Australia. Both nations can leverage their equation in QUAD to contain China.
International cooperation
- Support at UNSC: Australia supports India’s candidature in an expanded UN Security Council.
- APEC: Australia is an important player in APEC and supports India’s membership of the organization. In 2008, Australia became an Observer in SAARC.
Some irritants in ties
- Trade imbalance: India’s trade deficit with Australia has been increasing since 2001-02 due to India-Australia Free Trade Agreement. It is also a contentious issue in the ongoing RCEP negotiations which India left.
- High tariff on agri products in India: India has a high tariff for agriculture and dairy products which makes it difficult for Australian exporters to export these items to India.
- Non-tariff barriers in Australia: At the same time, India faces non-tariff barriers and its skilled professionals in the Australian labour market face discrimination.
- Visa Policy: India wants greater free movement and relaxed visa norms for its IT professionals, on which Australia is reluctant.
- Future of QUAD: Australian lobby has sparked speculation over the fate of the Quadrilateral Consultative Dialogue (the ‘Quad) involving India, Australia, Japan and the United States.
- Nuclear reluctance: Building consensus on non-nuclear proliferation and disarmament has been a major hurdle given India’s status as a nuclear power.
- Racism against Indians: Increasing Racist attacks on Indians in Australia has been a major issue.
Way forward
- Upgradation of 2+2 format: It is prudent too for New Delhi and Canberra to elevate the ‘two plus two’ format for talks from the Secretary level to the level of Foreign and Defence Ministers.
- Removal of trade barriers: Both nations need to resolve disputes at the WTO with regard to the Australian sector can act as a serious impediment.
- Balancing China: An ‘engage and balance’ China strategy is the best alternative to the dead end of containment.
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March 13, 2023
States demand that ‘Lightning’ be declared a Natural Disaster
Central idea: A few states have requested lightning to be declared a natural disaster due to the high number of deaths caused by it in the country.

Why discuss this?
- Around 2,500 people die every year due to lightning.
- Present norms consider cyclones, droughts, earthquakes, fires, floods, tsunamis, hailstorms, landslides, avalanches, cloudbursts, pest attacks, frost, and cold waves as disasters covered under the State Disaster Response Fund.
- Deliberations are necessary as it is a policy issue.
What is lightning?
- Scientifically, lightning is a rapid and massive discharge of electricity in the atmosphere some of which is directed towards earth.
- The discharges are generated in giant moisture-bearing clouds that are 10-12 km tall.
- The base of these clouds typically lie within 1-2 km of the Earth’s surface, while the top is 12-13 km away.
- Temperatures in the top of these clouds are in the range of –35° to –45°C.
Its formation
- As water vapour moves upward in the cloud, the falling temperature causes it to condense.
- As they move to temperatures below 0°C, the water droplets change into small ice crystals.
- They continue to move up, gathering mass until they are so heavy that they start to fall to Earth.
- This leads to a system in which, simultaneously, smaller ice crystals are moving up and bigger crystals are coming down.
- Collisions follow and trigger the release of electrons, a process that is very similar to the generation of sparks of electricity.
- As the moving free electrons cause more collisions and more electrons, a chain reaction ensues.
- This process results in a situation in which the top layer of the cloud gets positively charged, while the middle layer is negatively charged.
- The electrical potential difference between the two layers is huge, of the order of a billion to 10 billion volts.
- In very little time, a massive current, of the order of 100,000 to a million amperes, starts to flow between the layers.
Types of lightning
- Broadly, there are three forms of lightning:
1. Inter-cloud
2. Intra-cloud
3. Cloud-to-ground
- It is the cloud-to-ground form of lightning that kills humans, as well as animals and livestock, and can substantially damage property.
- While the Earth is a good conductor of electricity, it is electrically neutral.
- However, in comparison to the middle layer of the cloud, it becomes positively charged.
- As a result, about 15%-20% of the current gets directed towards the Earth as well.
- It is this flow of current that results in damage to life and property on Earth.
How intensely does it strike?
- A typical lightning flash is about 300 million volts and30,000 amps.
- To put it in perspective, household current is 120 volts and 15 amps.
- A flash of lightning is enough to light a 100-watt incandescent bulb for about three months.
Why does lightning kill so many people in India?
- The reason for the high number of deaths is due to people being caught unawares and more than 70% of fatalities happened due to people standing under isolated tall trees.
- About 25 per cent of the people were struck in the open.
- Also, lightning is the direct promulgation of climate change extremities.
Mitigating lightning incidents
- Lightning is not classified as a natural disaster in India.
- But recent efforts have resulted in the setting up of an early warning system that is already saving many lives.
- More than 96% of lightning deaths happen in rural areas.
- As such, most of the mitigation and public awareness programmes need to focus on these communities.
- Lightning protection devices are fairly unsophisticated and low-cost. Yet, their deployment in the rural areas, as of now, is extremely low.
- States are being encouraged to prepare and implement lightning action plans, on the lines of heat action plans.
- An international centre for excellence on lightning research to boost detection and early warning systems is also in the process of being set up.
March 13, 2023
Bhutan no longer a ‘Least Developed Country’
Central idea: Bhutan will become the seventh country to graduate from the United Nations’ list of Least Developed Countries (LDC) on December 13, 2023.

What is a Least Developed Country (LDC)?
- The LDCs are developing countries listed by the UN that exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development.
- The concept first originated in the late 1960s and was codified under UN resolution 2768 passed in November 1971.
- According to the UN, an LDC is defined as “a country that exhibits the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with-
1. Low levels of income, human capital and economic diversification,
2. High levels of economic vulnerability, and
3. A population that is disproportionately reliant on agriculture, natural resources, and primary commodities.
Criteria for LDCs
- The UN identifies three criteria for a country to be classified as an LDC:
1. It must have a gross national income (GNI) per capita below the threshold of USD 1,230 over a three-year average.
2. It must perform poorly on a composite human assets index based on indicators including nutrition, health and education.
3. It must demonstrate economic vulnerability such as being prone to natural disasters and possessing structural economic constraints.
- Countries must meet a selection from all three criteria simultaneously and are reviewed on a three-year basis by the UN.
How many countries are LDCs?
- Currently, the UN lists 46 countries that qualify as LDCs.
- Of those, 33 are from Africa, nine from Asia, three from the Pacific and one from the Caribbean.
- At the UN 2021 triennial review of LDC countries, the organisation recommended that Bangladesh, Laos, and Nepal be removed from the list.
How does a country get off the LDC list?
- To graduate from the LDC list, a country must meet certain criteria in the three areas stated before namely, income, human assets, and economic vulnerability.
- A nation must have a GNI per capita of at least USD 1,242 for two consecutive triennial reviews in order to meet the income requirement.
- The nation must also show that this level of income can be sustained over the long term.
- A nation also must show that it has improved its ability to withstand external economic shocks like natural catastrophes or shifts in commodity prices in order to pass the economic vulnerability test.
How did Bhutan get off the LDC list?
- Bhutan was included in the first group of LDCs in 1971. It fulfilled the requirements for graduation in 2015 and 2018.
- Bhutan’s economy grew more than eight times in the last 20 years, from under USD 300 million in 2000 to USD 2.53 billion in 2017.
- The percentage of people living in poverty decreased from 17.8 per cent in 2003 to 1.5 per cent in 2017.
- The percentage of people living below the national poverty line decreased from 23.2 per cent in 2007 to 8.2 per cent in 2017.
What economic measures did it take?
- Hydropower exports: Bhutan increased exports of hydropower to India, which now accounts for 20 per cent of its economy.
- Brand Bhutan: Bhutan established Brand Bhutan to diversify exports and target high-end markets with specialised exports of high-value, low-volume Bhutanese goods from sectors including textiles, tourism, handicrafts, culture, and natural resources.
- Tourism promotion: It emerged out to be an all-season tourist destination in South Asia.
Advantages of being an LDC
- LDCs enjoy duty-free and quota-free (DFQF) access to the markets of developed countries.
- LDCs are also eligible for loans with special terms for development, which include loans with a lower interest rate and a longer repayment time than those given to other nations.
- The term “Official Development Assistance” (ODA) or “aid” is frequently used to describe this form of support.
Way forward for Bhutan
- As such, advancing out of the list is often only the first step in overall development.
- Graduation from LDC status is not the end of the road, but the beginning of a new journey.
- It is a time when a country needs to redouble its efforts to build its productive capacities, diversify its economy, and create new opportunities for employment and income generation.
Back2Basics: Defining a country’s ‘Development’
- There are no WTO definitions of “developed” or “developing” countries.
- Developing countries in the WTO are designated on the basis of self-selection although this is not necessarily automatically accepted in all WTO bodies.
- The WTO however recognizes as least-developed countries (LDCs) those countries which have been designated as such by the United Nations.
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March 13, 2023
Bengal is tackling fatal Adenovirus Infection
Central idea: 19 children below the age of five years have died in State-run institutions due to acute respiratory infection (ARI) caused by Adenovirus.

What is Adenovirus Infection?
- Adenoviruses are common viruses that typically cause mild cold or flu-like illness and are usually spread from an infected person to others by close personal contact
- The virus is transmitted through the air by coughing and sneezing and also by touching an object or surface with adenoviruses on it
- While the virus can affect people of any age group, children with low and compromised immunity are at a higher risk
- Symptoms of the viral infection, other than common cold or flu-like symptoms, include acute bronchitis, pneumonia, pink eye (conjunctivitis), and acute gastroenteritis
Reasons for outbreak in Bengal
- Doctors claim that it is the recombinant strain which is the reason for the spike in infections and deaths.
- Most of the children who have been infected by the virus are less than three years old and were born during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Children who are in the age group of six months to preschool are most susceptible to viral infection.
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March 13, 2023
Sickle Cell Anaemia screening meets only 1% of target
Central idea: The Health Ministry of India set a target to scan one crore people for sickle cell disease in 2022-23. However, with only two weeks left in the fiscal year, the Ministry has completed only 1% of the target.

What is Sickle Cell Anaemia?
- Sickle Cell Anaemia is a genetic blood disorder that affects the haemoglobin molecule in red blood cells.
- People with sickle cell anaemia have abnormal haemoglobin that causes their red blood cells to become sickle-shaped, rigid and sticky.
- These abnormal cells can clog small blood vessels, leading to excruciating pain, organ damage, and a higher risk of infections.
- Sickle cell anaemia is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means that a person must inherit two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent, to develop the disease.
- There is no cure for sickle cell anaemia, but treatments are available to manage its symptoms and complications.
How widespread is it in India?
- Sickle cell anaemia is prevalent in some parts of India, particularly in tribal and rural areas.
- According to the ICMR, sickle cell trait is present in about 20-22% of the tribal population in central India, and the disease is present in about 3-5% of the same population.
- It is estimated that there are about 30 million carriers of the sickle cell trait in India, and around 1.5-2 lakh sickle cell disease patients.
- The disease is most commonly found in the states of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Gujarat.
Recent discussions
- India aims to eradicate sickle cell anaemia by 2047, Finance Minister announced during her Budget 2023 speech.
- Under the new scheme, 70 million people up to the age of 40 years in affected tribal areas will be screened for the disease.
- The Health Ministry has assigned tentative State-wise screening targets to the States for timely completion of the exercise.
- The Ministry is working to create and maintain a central registry for all screened persons to prevent patients from slipping through the cracks.
Current status of screening
- Only 1,05,954 people have been screened so far, out of which 5959 people, or 5.62% of those screened were found to be carrying sickle cell disease traits.
- Regular and timely screening of the population is important, as in a previous screening exercise of over 1.13 crore people in 2016, up to 9,49,057 (8.75%) tested positive for the sickle cell trait, and up to 47,311 of these ended up with full-blown sickle cell disease.
Way forward
- Increased screening: Achieving the goal of eliminating sickle cell anaemia would involve screening at least seven crore people under the age of 40 years in multiple phases by 2025-26.
- Creating awareness: The Health Ministry is working to create awareness amongst those who carry the sickle cell trait to refrain from marrying another person who also carries the trait.
- Targeted assessment: Pregnant women are a priority group for immediate screening, and in the long-term, screening of targeted population of unmarried adolescents between 10 to 25 years will be undertaken.
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March 13, 2023
Scientists devise ‘Glowscope’ to bring fluorescent microscopy to schools
Central idea: Researchers at Winona State University, Minnesota, have created a design for a rudimentary fluorescence microscope.

Why in news?
- The development can be put together at a cost of $30-50 (Rs 2,500-4,100) using products purchased on online marketplaces.
- The device aims to democratize access to fluorescence microscopy.
What is Fluorescence Microscopy?
- An optical microscope views an object by studying how it absorbs, reflects or scatters visible light.
- A fluorescence microscope views an object by studying how it reemits light that it has absorbed, i.e. how it fluoresces.
- The object is illuminated with light of a specific wavelength.
- Particles in the object absorb this light and reemit it at a higher wavelength.
- These particles are called fluorophores; the object is infused with them before being placed under the microscope.
How does it work?
- The setup consists of two plexiglass surfaces, an LED flashlight, three theatre stage-lighting filters, a clip-on macro lens, and a smartphone.
- The smartphone (with the lens attached) is placed on one surface that is suspended at a height (say, a foot above).
- The second sheet is placed below and holds the object.
- One of the stage-lighting filters is held between the flashlight and the object and the other two were held between the object and the smartphone.
- The sources of illumination were also LED flashlights emitting light of correspondingly different wavelengths.
Key observations
- With this setup, the researchers were able to image the creatures’ brain, spinal cord, heart, and head and jaw bones.
- They were able to zoom in and out using the smartphone camera and the clip-on lens.
How accessible is this?
- Using a ‘glowscope’ still requires access to fluorophores, suitable biological samples, the know-how to combine the two, and some knowledge of physics to work out which LED flashlight to buy.
- The Foldscope was truly remarkable because all its required components were simple to understand.
- However, the fact that a simple fluorescent microscope can be set up with a few thousand rupees means researchers can prepare samples and take them to schools, where students can observe them.
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March 13, 2023
How to manage UPSC prep along with a full time job?| Ex-Officer, MHA & Senior IAS mentor Avadhoot sir
Register for Recorded video | Cracking UPSC CSE with a Job

Preparing for the UPSC exam can be a tough race against time. And if you are a working professional who is managing your job along with the preparation, coping with the syllabus can be extremely difficult.

Your day starts with the pressure of your work. You may have to manage project deadlines, you have to attend office meetings, you may have to deal with clients at work, and spend a lot of time at your workplace. In fact, by the time you reach home from work, you already feel exhausted and have no energy to study anymore.

But does that mean you give up on your dreams?

NO!

Time management is a #UPSCskill that tops all other skills in this long journey. Moreover, the complexity and vastness of the syllabus, unpredictability and ever-changing pattern of the UPSC exam, and cut-throat competition necessitate you to invest your time wisely.

But how to do that? If you are not a fan of wasting your time and reinventing wheel join our FREE UPSC Webinar especially for Working UPSC Professionals.

Avadhoot Shinde, sir senior IAS mentor at CivilsDaily will be LIVE for a special session. He was a senior-level Executive officer working for the Ministry of Home Affairs and has more than 10 yrs of UPSC experience.

Register for Recorded video | Cracking UPSC CSE with a Job

What you will learn in this webinar?
1. Management of Priorities – UPSC- work, family and life as well.
2. Reducing time on non-priorities.
3. Planning ahead, making targets, staying consistent w.r.t targets.
4. How should the syllabus be approached to complete it within the time limit?
5. Balancing prelims-mains on one hand and GS-current affairs on the other.
6. How to determine the primary focus areas of the Prelims, Mains, and Personality tests?
7. How to apply bookish as well as classroom knowledge to the exam?’
We will discuss the important ways in which you can crack this exam through the following methods:
1. Personalized timetable
2. Personalized study plan
3. Tracking your progress
4. Investing in topics with good ROI
5. Focusing on smart study
Register for Recorded video | Cracking UPSC CSE with a Job

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March 12, 2023
5 phased time management for UPSC 2024 (March’23 to May’24) | LIVE Workshop + QnA session with Prabhat sir, AIR 377, IRPS | Get FREE Strategic package on registration

12th March 2023 (Sunday), 7:30 P.M | 15 Months to UPSC 2024 divided into 5 phases for a holistic UPSC preparation.

Click & Register: 5 phased approach for UPSC 2024 with Prabhat sir

Most of the UPSC-CSE toppers like Satyam Gandhi (AIR 10), Ria Dabi (AIR 15), Yash Jaluka (AIR 4), Mamta Yadav (AIR 5) and Shashwat Tripurari (AIR 19) cleared the exam as fresh graduates in their very first attempt. How were they able to do it?

If you watch their strategy videos, you can find a common pattern — they started 12-24 months in advance before the exam.

One of the benefits of starting your preparation early is the time you would get to revise, practice test series, make improvements, enhance the quality of your knowledge and answers, and get four steps ahead of the competition.

However, what’s the best way to prepare, if you aren’t a fan of making mistakes and figuring it out along the way? We understand how annoying it might be for you if you were to study in a certain way for months together and then realize that it doesn’t align with the UPSC-CSE way of doing things.

An ideal prep is divided into five phases and spread across 14-15 months? Prabhat sir, an IRPS officer who secured AIR 377 in UPSC 2019, is conducting a special workshop on time management & strategy for UPSC 2024.

Block this time:

12th March 2023 (Sunday), 7:30 P.M

What you should expect in 1-1 LIVE with Prabhat sir?

The workshop will cover a five-phased time management strategy that will help you plan and utilize your time effectively in the next 15 months leading up to UPSC 2024. Prabhat will share his own experience of preparing for the exam while managing his job and personal life. He will also provide practical tips on how to prioritize your studies, make the most of your free time, and avoid burnout.

1. The first phase – Studying the Core Subjects. How to read every topic in the syllabus from 2-3 sources in the first reading and prepare a 1-2 page notes? And in your second reading, stick to only one source while using your notes as reference.

2. The second phase – Studying Mains Specific Subjects & Optional. How to follow the ritual of reading, writing summaries and answering topic-wise previous year questions?

3. Discussing 2-3 Revision Strategies which you can follow. Why should you not go more than 20 days without revision?

4. Live demonstration of making the perfect notes. How to not copy line-by-line of everything you read & only note down the 5 dimensions of a topic?

5. Why is the third phase of preparation the shortest of all? What should you ideally do after completing the Prelims and Mains subjects?

6. About the fourth phase. How to improve your accuracy 3 months before the Prelims exams?

5. The last phase. What must be done 3 months before the Mains exams?

6. Including statistics and relevant data. What are the subject-wise important committee reports you should read?

7. Three readings per subject. How do you study during each revision phase?

CLICK & Register: LIVE session with AIR 377 Prabhat sir | 5 phased approach

CivilsDaily’s FREE Webinar package

Post-webinar we will share important PDFs, timetable framework, and notes.

Other than this a strategy package will be emailed to you.

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Register FREE for a 1-1 LIVE UPSC Masterclass by IRPS, Prabhat sir

CLICK & Register: LIVE session with AIR 377 Prabhat sir | 5 phased approach

March 12, 2023
11th Mar 23 | Prelims Daily with Previous Year Questions

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UPSC 2023 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

March 11, 2023

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