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India’s strategic focus on West Africa

Why in the News? Despite China’s increasing involvement in financing and infrastructure development, India continues to hold a significant position as one of Nigeria’s key partners in West Africa. What are the strategic objectives of India in West Africa? Strengthening Bilateral Relations: India aims to enhance its strategic partnership with Nigeria, which is pivotal as… Continue reading

Why some PLI schemes are in the slow lane?

Why in the News? Six out of the 14 Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, including textiles, solar modules, IT hardware, automobiles, advanced chemical cells (ACC), and speciality steel, are progressing at a relatively slower pace. What are the primary reasons for the slow implementation of PLI schemes? Stringent Eligibility Norms: Many industries have reported that the… Continue reading

[pib] National Cooperative Policy

Why in the News? The Union Minister of Cooperation has provided crucial information regarding India’s National Cooperative Policy to the Lok Sabha. The new National Cooperative Policy is almost ready and will be announced in 2-3 months. Update regarding the New National Cooperative Policy: Details National Level Committee Formation • A 48-member National Level Committee… Continue reading

[pib] Maha Kumbh Mela, 2025

Why in the News? The 2025 Maha Kumbh Mela will take place in Prayagraj from January 13 to February 26. About Kumbh Mela Details A major pilgrimage and festival in Hinduism, occurring four times in twelve years at different locations in India. It attracts millions of pilgrims for spiritual purification. Types of Kumbh Mela: Kumbh… Continue reading

What is Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)?

Why in the News? The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) began its three-day monetary policy review. There is increasing speculation that the RBI may announce a cut in the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) to ease liquidity pressures. What is Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)? CRR is the percentage of a bank’s total deposits that it must… Continue reading

Nilphamari narrow-mouthed frog

Why in the News? A study highlights that endemic frog species, like the Nilphamari narrow-mouthed frog (Microhyla nilphamariensis), face challenges due to habitat loss and land use changes in agroforestry habitats like orchards and paddy fields. About the Nilphamari narrow-mouthed frog: Details About A species of narrow-mouthed frog, characterized by a small size, narrow triangular… Continue reading

[4th December 2024] The Hindu Op-ed: Reflections on Baku’s ‘NCQG outcome’

PYQ Relevance:Q) Describe the major outcomes of the 26th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). What are India’s commitments at this conference? (UPSC CSE 2021) Mentor’s Comment: UPSC Mains have focused on India’s changing policy towards climate change (2022) and COP26 (2021). The… Continue reading

Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs)

Previous Year Questions [2023] Discuss the contribution of civil society groups for women’s effective and meaningful participation and representation in state legislatures in India. [2022] Do you agree with the view that increasing dependence on donor agencies for development reduces the importance of community participation in the development process? Justify your answer. [2021] Can Civil… Continue reading

Disaster Management

Disaster Disaster Management: The term “disaster” comes from the French word “Desastre,” a combination of ‘des’ meaning bad, and ‘aster’ meaning star, implying ‘Bad or Evil star.’ According to the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) Disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society at any scale… Continue reading

How land degradation is threatening Earth’s capacity to sustain humanity?

Why in the News? The UNCCD, a treaty addressing desertification and drought, partnered with Germany’s Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research to release an analysis ahead of COP16’s launch in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. What is Land Degradation? Land degradation is defined by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) as the “reduction or loss… Continue reading

[UPSC Webinar] By Shubham Sir, Sr. IAS Mentor | Emerging Trends In UPSC Prelims | Decoding Last 5 Years (500 Qs) Pattern | Join on 5th December 2024 at 7:00 PM

Register for the session on UPSC Prelims 2025 preparation plan and strategy Read about Shubham Sir’s UPSC Prelims Masterclass In this webinar we’ll be exploring New Trends in UPSC Prelims: A Detailed Look at Question Patterns from the Last Five Years We’ll take a close look at how the UPSC prelims has changed over the… Continue reading

Bank Bill passes LS, allows one account, 4 nominees

Why in the News? The Lok Sabha passed the Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024, marking the first piece of legislation to be approved during the Winter Session after the resolution of a week-long impasse. What are the key features of the Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024? Nomination Provisions: The Bill allows bank account holders to… Continue reading

What are the controversies around pardoning power?

Why in the News? U.S. President Joe Biden has issued an unconditional pardon to his son, Hunter Biden, who was facing sentencing for federal tax and gun-related convictions. What is the history of the pardoning power in the U.S.? Constitutional Basis: The U.S. Constitution grants the President the power to grant pardons for federal offenses… Continue reading

World Wildlife Conservation Day

Why in the News? World Wildlife Conservation Day (December 4) reminds us to focus on preserving and protecting the critically endangered species in India and globally. The theme for this year is “Connecting People and Planet: Exploring Digital Innovation in Wildlife Conservation”. World Wildlife Conservation Day: Key Facts Observed annually on December 4th. Purpose: Raise… Continue reading

Marburg Virus outbreak in Rwanda

Why in the News? An outbreak of Marburg Virus (Bleeding Eyes) disease (MVD) has killed and infected many in Rwanda. About Marburg Virus: Overview • Causes Marburg Virus Disease (MVD), also known as Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever. • Belongs to the filovirus family (same as Ebola). • Discovered during outbreaks in 1967 in Marburg and Frankfurt,… Continue reading

Windfall Gains Tax on Oil Production, Diesel-Petrol Export Removed

Why in the News? With global oil prices stabilizing and domestic fuel supply improving, the government has decided to scrap the windfall gains tax, ensuring more predictable taxation for the oil industry. What is Windfall Tax? A windfall tax is a levy imposed on companies experiencing unexpected profits due to external factors like market shifts… Continue reading

ecDNA Challenges Law of Genetics

Why in the News? A recent study published in the ‘Nature’ has shown that Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is present in approximately 50% of cancer types, playing a significant role in tumor evolution and genetic heterogeneity. What is ecDNA? Details • ecDNA stands for extrachromosomal DNA, which is small, circular DNA found in the nucleus of… Continue reading

[3rd December 2024] The Hindu Op-ed: Citizens with disabilities, making their rights real

PYQ Relevance: Q) The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitisation of government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Comment. (UPSC CSE 2022) Mentor’s Comment: UPSC Mains have focused on the ‘Challenges faced by Disables’ (in 2017), ‘Acts and Policies’ (2022). Persons with disabilities (PwDs) in India encounter… Continue reading

Environment Ministry’s Lok Sabha reply shows 33.6% of India’s coastline is threatened by erosion

Why in the News? During the ongoing Winter Session of Parliament, the Union Environment Ministry presented data shedding light on the critical issue of coastal erosion in India. What are the key findings of the report? Extent of Coastal Erosion Nationwide: 33.6% of India’s coastline has been affected by erosion over the past three decades.… Continue reading

GDP was lower than expected. Here’s how to move ahead

Why in the News? India has been growing well even with global challenges. After growing by 8.2% in 2023-24 and 6.7% in the first quarter of 2024-25, growth slowed down to 5.4% in the second quarter. Is the Slowdown in GDP Growth a Temporary Setback or a Sign of a Longer-Term Trend? Current Growth Trends:… Continue reading

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