Why in the News?
The Winter Session of Parliament will be held from December 1 to 19, 2025.
About Parliamentary Sessions:
- Parliamentary Sessions are formal periods when the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha meet to legislate, deliberate, and hold the government accountable.
- Each session has several sittings for debates, questions, and lawmaking. Under Article 85(1), the President must summon both Houses so that not more than six months elapse between two sessions.
- Types of Sessions:
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- Budget Session (FebâMar): Begins with the Presidentâs Address; includes Union Budget presentation and debate.
- Monsoon Session (JulâAug): Focuses on legislative work and national issues.
- Winter Session (NovâDec): Reviews policies, finalises pending legislation.
- Special Session: Called for urgent or commemorative matters (e.g., emergencies or milestones).
Key Terms Related to Sessions:
- Summoning (Art. 85(1)): President summons Parliament on Cabinet Committee advice; at least two sessions yearly, with ⤠six-month gap.
- Adjournment: Temporary suspension of a sitting; business resumes when House reassembles.
- Adjournment Sine Die: Ends a sitting without fixing a date for the next meeting; followed by presidential prorogation.
- Prorogation (Art. 85(2)(a)): Formal end of a session by the President; pending bills do not lapse.
- Dissolution (Art. 85(2)(b)): Ends the Lok Sabhaâs tenure; triggers new elections; pending bills in Lok Sabha lapse.
- Recess: Period between the prorogation of one session and the start of the next.
- Lame Duck Session: Last session of an outgoing Lok Sabha before the new one forms.
- Quorum (Art. 100): Minimum attendance for businessâ55 in Lok Sabha, 25 in Rajya Sabha.
- Voting (Art. 100):
- Voice Vote: Members respond âAyeâ/âNo.â
- Division Vote: Contested results recorded electronically.
- Casting Vote: Presiding officerâs tie-breaking vote.
| [UPSC 2024] With reference to the Parliament of India, consider the following statements:
1. Prorogation of a House by the President of India does not require the advice of the Council of Ministers. 2. Prorogation of a House is generally done after the House is adjourned sine die, but there is no bar to the President of India proroguing the House which is in session. 3. Dissolution of the Lok Sabha is done by the President of India who, save in exceptional circumstances, does so on the advice of the Council of Ministers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Options: (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 (c) 2 and 3* (d) 3 only |
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