Note4Students This topic is not one of UPSC’s favorites. A deeper understanding is not required. You need to make a… Continue reading Chapter 1 | Stone Age – Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic

What is Agroforestry? Agroforestry is a sustainable management mechanism for land that: increases overall production, combines agricultural crops, tree crops,… Continue reading Agroforestry

Cropping Pattern refers to a yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops and fallow in a given area Cropping pattern… Continue reading Part 4 | Cropping Patterns and Systems in India

Important Food Crops 1. Rice: Geographical Conditions of Growth: Rice grows best in areas of warm, humid climate; rice requires… Continue reading Part 2 | Important Food Crops (Rice, Wheat, Maize, Millets, Pulses and Barley) and Horticultural Crops

We discussed in detail alluvial, black, red and laterite soils. Let’s continue the discussion and move on to the next… Continue reading Part 5 | Indian Soils – Arid, Saline and Alkaline, Peaty and Forest Soils

We learnt about the various ways to classify soils. In this article, we will look at the various types of… Continue reading Part 4 | Indian Soils – Alluvial, Black, Red and Laterite soils

India is one of the 17 mega diverse countries of the world. With only 2.4% of the world’s land area,… Continue reading Natural Vegetation and Wildlife: Part 6 | Conservation of Wildlife

In this article, we continue the discussion and look at various conservation attempts made to protect the Indian forests. Conservation… Continue reading Natural Vegetation and Wildlife: Part 5 | Conservation of Forests – Afforestation Schemes and Other Initiatives

Vegetation in the Himalayas: The Himalayan ranges show a succession of vegetation from the tropical to the tundra, which changes… Continue reading Natural Vegetation and Wildlife: Part 4 | Vegetation Zones of the Himalayas, The Problems of Indian Forestry

4. Subtropical Vegetation A. Sub-tropical Broad-leaved Hill Forests: Distribution: These forests occur on the lower slopes of the Himalaya in… Continue reading Natural Vegetation and Wildlife: Part 3 | The Sub-tropical, Temperate, Sub-Alpine and Alpine, Littoral and Swamp Vegetation

Moving on, let’s discuss the various natural vegetation types of India in detail: Natural Vegetation Types of India 1. Tropical… Continue reading Natural Vegetation and Wildlife: Part 2 | Tropical Evergreen, Tropical Deciduous and Tropical Thorny Vegetation

Before we discuss the natural vegetation types found in India, let’s get acquainted with some basic terms: Flora, Vegetation and… Continue reading Natural Vegetation and Wildlife- Part 1 | An Overview of Natural Vegetation Types Found in India

India’s Climatic Calendar: The Southwest Monsoon Season Chief Characteristics of Monsoonal Rainfall: Monsoonal rainfall is largely governed by relief or… Continue reading The Southwest Monsoon Season (Jun – Sep) | Part 2

India’s Climatic Calendar: the South-West Monsoon Season Temperature Conditions during this season: As the sun shifts northwards, the temperature rapidly… Continue reading The Southwest Monsoon Season (Jun – Sep) | Part 1

India’s Climatic Calendar – the Winter Season Temperature Conditions during this season: By the end of December (22nd December), the… Continue reading The Winter Season (January – February)

India’s climate can be described as hot monsoonal type. The word monsoon comes from the Arabic word ‘Mausim’ which means… Continue reading Indian Climate – An Introduction

Drainage The flow of water through well-defined channels is known as ‘drainage’ and the network of such channels is called… Continue reading Drainage System | Part 2

Before we start with the drainage system of India, let’s look at the broad framework along which we will proceed.… Continue reading Drainage System | Part 1

Physiographic Divisions: On the basis of prominent relief features, the peninsular plateau can be divided into three broad groups: The… Continue reading The Peninsular Plateau | Part 2

Article Outline: Location and Extent Geological History and Features Chief Characteristics General elevation and flow of rivers Important physiographic features… Continue reading The Peninsular Plateau | Part 1