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Q.2) Ensuring the protection and welfare of all of our people is inherent in the Rule of Law. In light of this, elaborate on the principle that forms the basis of the Rule of Law. (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/n-v-ramana-pd-desai-memorial-lecture-indian-judiciary-state-rule-of-law-constitution-7385031/ In the intro, mention what makes the rule of law different from the rule by law. In the body, elaborate on the four principles emerging from the Rule of Law i.e. clarity, equality before the law, participation and strong judiciary. Conclude by mentioning the need to use the rule of law to… Continue reading Q.2) Ensuring the protection and welfare of all of our people is inherent in the Rule of Law. In light of this, elaborate on the principle that forms the basis of the Rule of Law. (10 Marks)

Q.1) Discuss factors of location for present distribution of the cement industry in India. Enumerate the challenges being faced by the industry lately. (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduce your answer with some facts related to cement industry in India. Mention the major regions of cement industry and write down various the factors that determine the location of cement industry like raw material, market location etc. Next bring out various challenges faced by the industry. Then write some steps taken by… Continue reading Q.1) Discuss factors of location for present distribution of the cement industry in India. Enumerate the challenges being faced by the industry lately. (10 Marks)

Q.4) Improper utilization of public funds is a form of corruption. Comment? (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduction – define what is proper utilization of fund or define corruption. Body – explain the ills caused by improper utilization of funds. Relate them to corruption. Add example with your arguments. In this question broad understanding of corruption i.e. beyond momentary gain can help you write good answer. Conclusion – conclude on… Continue reading Q.4) Improper utilization of public funds is a form of corruption. Comment? (10 Marks)

Q.3) India shares a quarter of the global hunger burden, and fighting hunger needs fighting climate change. In light of this, suggest ways to address the threats of climate change while addressing the issue of hunger and malnutrition. (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/fighting-hunger-needs-fighting-climate-change/2279369/ In the intro, mention figure mention in SDG India Index 2020-21 specific to SDG-2. In the body discuss the role of agriculture in ensuring food safety and addressing the hunger crisis. In the next part, mention the challenges agriculture faces from climate change. In the suggestion mention crop diversification, climate-smart interventions like conservation agriculture,… Continue reading Q.3) India shares a quarter of the global hunger burden, and fighting hunger needs fighting climate change. In light of this, suggest ways to address the threats of climate change while addressing the issue of hunger and malnutrition. (10 Marks)

Q.2) Pandemic induced crisis in learning and the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is forcing us to reimagine education and align it with the unprecedented technological transformation. In light of this, assess India’s readiness to integrate technology in learning and suggest the way forward to create ed-tech policy architecture in India. (15 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/the-future-of-learning-in-india-is-ed-tech-pandemic-online-classes-7381782/ In the intro, mention that the closure of schools has forced us to adopt technology to mitigate the learning crisis. In the body discuss India’s readiness by mentioning increasing access to tech-based infrastructure, electricity, internet connectivity and programmes such as Digital India and the Ministry of Education’s initiatives, including the Digital Infrastructure… Continue reading Q.2) Pandemic induced crisis in learning and the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is forcing us to reimagine education and align it with the unprecedented technological transformation. In light of this, assess India’s readiness to integrate technology in learning and suggest the way forward to create ed-tech policy architecture in India. (15 Marks)

Q.1) Despite being well endowed with rare earth minerals resources why India still dependent on the imports? Comment on the critical and Strategic Importance of Rare earth minerals. (15 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduce your answer with defining rare earth elements. In body first talk about their distribution and reserves in India. Then point out the reasons for India’s dependence on imports especially on China. In next part mention their importance and uses in industries and implication on national security especially energy security. Suggest way forward.… Continue reading Q.1) Despite being well endowed with rare earth minerals resources why India still dependent on the imports? Comment on the critical and Strategic Importance of Rare earth minerals. (15 Marks)

Q.3) Not all public sector enterprises are the same. This also means that there should be a difference in approach in the privatisation of public enterprises that is on the anvil. In light of this, suggest the approach and analyse the pros and cons of privatisation. ( 15 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/reopen-the-files-reconsider-privatisation/article35027135.ece In the intro, mention that privatisation of the public sector has been part of economic reforms since 1991. In the body, suggest categorisation of enterprises based on their condition in three categories as suggested in the article. In the case of third category mention the Chinese model. In the pros and cons… Continue reading Q.3) Not all public sector enterprises are the same. This also means that there should be a difference in approach in the privatisation of public enterprises that is on the anvil. In light of this, suggest the approach and analyse the pros and cons of privatisation. ( 15 Marks)

Q.2) Examine the interplay between section 124A of the Indian Penal Code and Article 19 of the Indian Constitution. What makes this section prone to misuse by the police? (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/the-law-of-sedition-is-unconstitutional/article35027081.ece In the intro, mention recent judgments on the use of section 124A in which the courts expressed concerns. In the body, mention the colonial background of the section, three explanations given in the sections and the inability of these explanations to define the ambit of the term sedition and reconciling it with… Continue reading Q.2) Examine the interplay between section 124A of the Indian Penal Code and Article 19 of the Indian Constitution. What makes this section prone to misuse by the police? (10 Marks)

Q.1) Ironically the most resource rich tropical region is also the most underdeveloped. What are the reasons behind it ? Illustrate how some of the tropical nations have changed their fate by turning natural limitations to their advantage. (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduce by highlighting the status of the tropical countries and level of their development. In first part of the body point out that tropical regions are rich in resources but some factors lead to their underdevelopment. List these factors. In Second part Point out how countries like India, Kenya, Bangladesh Brazil etc. turning… Continue reading Q.1) Ironically the most resource rich tropical region is also the most underdeveloped. What are the reasons behind it ? Illustrate how some of the tropical nations have changed their fate by turning natural limitations to their advantage. (10 Marks)

Q.3) Retrospective changes in policies by the Government not only leads to various disputes but also impacts overall economic environment. Comment (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/rattling-foreign-investors/article35026303.ece https://www.economist.com/business/2020/12/12/why-more-indian-business-disputes-are-settled-elsewhere In the intro, mention the issue of retrospective taxation. In the body, discuss the factors such as retrospective policy changes leading to dispute between investors and government. In the next part mention the implications such as reduced investment, low investor confidence, impact on international image of the government etc. Conclude by… Continue reading Q.3) Retrospective changes in policies by the Government not only leads to various disputes but also impacts overall economic environment. Comment (10 Marks)

Q.2) For any nation, internationalism can’t be an end in itself; it is a critical instrument in strengthening national unity, security and prosperity. In this regard, examine what India can learn from China in building flexible global coalitions and adapting quickly to changing needs. (15 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/what-india-can-learn-from-chinas-evolving-foreign-policy/ In the intro, mention the dilemma India faces in its current strategy of aligning with the U.S. to counter China. In the body, India’s role in Non-Aligned Movement and its relations with India’s national ambitions, next mention evolution of India’s relations with the U.S. and Russia as per the circumstances. In the… Continue reading Q.2) For any nation, internationalism can’t be an end in itself; it is a critical instrument in strengthening national unity, security and prosperity. In this regard, examine what India can learn from China in building flexible global coalitions and adapting quickly to changing needs. (15 Marks)

Q.1) What do you understand by Earthquake waves ? What inferences can we draw from them regarding the interior of the Earth? (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduce your answer by defining earth quack waves. in first part write about various types of earthquake waves such as P and S waves and their subtypes in details. In second mention how they have helped in understanding the interior of the earth. using concept such as shadow zones for P and S… Continue reading Q.1) What do you understand by Earthquake waves ? What inferences can we draw from them regarding the interior of the Earth? (10 Marks)

Q.3) Examine the importance of microfinance in India. What were the regulatory challenges faced by the microfinance institutions and how a Consultative Document by the RBI help dealing with these challenges? (15 marks)

“Mentor’s comment” https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/unfettering-microfinance-recent-rbi-consultative-document-frees-mfis-from-shackles-imposed-by-2011-regulations/2277925/ In the intro, mention the difference between a normal loan and microcredit. In the body, discuss the importance of serving the small credit needs of those who lack steady income sources or assets to keep as a mortgage. In the next part, mention the regulatory issues with 2011 guidelines for the microfinance… Continue reading Q.3) Examine the importance of microfinance in India. What were the regulatory challenges faced by the microfinance institutions and how a Consultative Document by the RBI help dealing with these challenges? (15 marks)

Q.2) A recent circular by the University Grants Commission (UGC) proposes a blended mode of teaching in which all higher educational institutions (HEI) teach a part of any course online and the rest offline. Examine the advantages and challenges that such a blended mode would face. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s comment” https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/blended-learning-wont-work/article34938772.ece In the intro, mention the UGC circular for 40% online learning and 60% offline learning in HEIs. In the body, mention the advantages with such move such as increased student engagement, enhanced student-teacher interactions, opportunities for institutional collaboration at a distance etc. In the challenges mention lack of infrastructure in India where… Continue reading Q.2) A recent circular by the University Grants Commission (UGC) proposes a blended mode of teaching in which all higher educational institutions (HEI) teach a part of any course online and the rest offline. Examine the advantages and challenges that such a blended mode would face. (10 marks)

Q.4) Amidst various Challenges that the world is facing today to ensure harmony among the nations and Welfare of the humanity a broad ethical framework for international relations is the need of the hour. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduction Write about the importance of Ethics connecting it with international relations. Body Point out various current Ethical Challenges in International relations with Examples. In next part write how ethical framework will address these challenges. Conclude suitably.  

Q.1) Secessionist movements can be tackled by addressing Regional aspirations in an effective and compassionate manner. In light of given statement explain how India addressed it’s secessionist problems. (15 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduction Introduce your answer either with definition of secession or with brief history of secessionist movements in India post independence. Body First, write causes of secession and how they are related to regionalism. Then explain how The fulfillment of regional Aspirations can led to people living demand of secession. Explain how different states… Continue reading Q.1) Secessionist movements can be tackled by addressing Regional aspirations in an effective and compassionate manner. In light of given statement explain how India addressed it’s secessionist problems. (15 marks)

Q.3) What is a bad bank? Critically examine their utility in dealing with the challenge of non-performing assets faced by the banks and suggest the ways to make bad banks effective. (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-bad-bank-national-asset-reconstruction-company-china-7374608/ In the intro, briefly explain the bad bank. In the body, discuss the advantages such as freeing up of assets and locked capital, cleaning the balance sheets of banks, the quickening of the resolution process etc. In next part, mention the issues like lack of capital, lack of interest by private investors… Continue reading Q.3) What is a bad bank? Critically examine their utility in dealing with the challenge of non-performing assets faced by the banks and suggest the ways to make bad banks effective. (10 Marks)

Q.2) As an array of external partners seek to broaden and deepen their relations with Africa, India needs to assess and gain insights into these developments. In light of this, assess India’s relations with African countries and suggest a way forward to deepen this relationship. (15 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/staging-a-comeback-re-energising-indias-africa-policy/article34957534.ece In the intro, mention that Africa is considered a foreign policy priority by India and has designed a forward-looking strategy to deepen ties. In the body, mention bilateral economic relations with Africa with bilateral trade at $ 55 billion in 2021 and scope to increase it, mention India’s investment in at $ 3… Continue reading Q.2) As an array of external partners seek to broaden and deepen their relations with Africa, India needs to assess and gain insights into these developments. In light of this, assess India’s relations with African countries and suggest a way forward to deepen this relationship. (15 Marks)

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