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India needs to ‘connect, build and revive’ with Africa

Introduction India’s partnership with Africa is embedded in shared anti-colonial history, South-South cooperation, and long-standing developmental commitments. Over the last decade, India’s diplomatic presence, investments, training initiatives, and cultural engagement have expanded across the continent. However, shifting geopolitical equations, intensifying global competition, and Africa’s rising economic potential demand an upgraded, value-driven, and sustained approach. The… Continue reading India needs to ‘connect, build and revive’ with Africa

What are UNESCO new guidelines for the use of neurotechnology

Introduction Neurotechnology includes devices and procedures that access, assess, or act upon neural systems. Earlier limited to health care, it now merges neuroscience, AI, computing, and engineering to improve or manipulate brain function. Rapid investments, private-sector involvement, and research innovations, such as brain implants enabling paralysed patients to speak, have increased both possibilities and ethical… Continue reading What are UNESCO new guidelines for the use of neurotechnology

Sakurajima Volcano erupts in Japan’s Kyushu

Why in the News? Japan’s Sakurajima volcano has erupted several times sending ash plumes up to 4.4 km into the atmosphere. About Sakurajima Volcano: Location: Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu, sitting on the southern rim of the Aira caldera inside Kagoshima Bay. Geological Origin: Linked to formation of the Aira caldera (22,000–29,000 years ago); Sakurajima developed as… Continue reading Sakurajima Volcano erupts in Japan’s Kyushu

75th anniversary of National Sample Survey (NSS)

Why in the News? The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is conducting the 75th-anniversary culmination ceremony of the National Sample Survey (NSS) along with World Statistics Day on 18 November 2025. About National Sample Survey (NSS): Origins: Started in 1950 to fill gaps in national income data; expanded into India’s largest multi-topic socio-economic… Continue reading 75th anniversary of National Sample Survey (NSS)

Sixteenth Finance Commission submits its report for 2026-31 to the President 

Why in the News? The Sixteenth Finance Commission (16th FC), chaired by Arvind Panagariya, has formally submitted its report to the President of India on 17 November 2025. Recommendations will be made public once tabled in Parliament under Article 281. Back2Basics: Finance Commission Constitutional Body: Established under Article 280 of the Constitution to define financial… Continue reading Sixteenth Finance Commission submits its report for 2026-31 to the President 

Asiatic Caracal spotted at Ramgarh in Rajasthan’s Jaisalmer

Why in the News? The elusive Asiatic Caracal (Caracal caracal schmitzi) has been rediscovered at Ramgarh, Jaisalmer, reaffirming its survival in the Thar Desert after years of uncertainty. About Asiatic Caracal: Scientific Name: Caracal caracal schmitzi, the Asiatic subspecies of the globally distributed caracal species. Distribution: Native to Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, Pakistan, and… Continue reading Asiatic Caracal spotted at Ramgarh in Rajasthan’s Jaisalmer

[2025 GS1 UPSC MAINS] Discuss how the changes in shape and sizes of continents and ocean basins of the planet take place due to tectonic movements of the crustal masses. (15 M)

Smash 2025 FLT 07Q15. How far can the theory of plate tectonics be used to explain the origin and distribution of major geological features across the Earth’s surface? PYQQ. Why are the world’s fold mountain systems located along the margins of continents? Bring out the association between the global distribution of Fold Mountains and the… Continue reading [2025 GS1 UPSC MAINS] Discuss how the changes in shape and sizes of continents and ocean basins of the planet take place due to tectonic movements of the crustal masses. (15 M)

[17th November 22] The Hindu Op-ed: Delhi’s air, a ‘wicked problem’ in need of bold solutions

PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2021] Describe the key points of the revised Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) recently released by the WHO. How are these different from its last update in 2005? What changes in India’s National Clean Air Programme are required to achieve these revised standards? Linkage: This PYQ directly links to Delhi’s recurring “severe”… Continue reading [17th November 22] The Hindu Op-ed: Delhi’s air, a ‘wicked problem’ in need of bold solutions

Growing unchecked, no guardrails: On Cryptocurrency

INTRODUCTION India’s crypto ecosystem is witnessing rapid expansion, with millions of users participating through exchanges that operate in a regulatory grey zone. Even though cryptocurrencies are not recognised as legal tender, trading continues unchecked through global and domestic platforms. Simultaneously, enforcement agencies report increasing difficulty in conducting investigations, seizing digital assets, and identifying crypto flows… Continue reading Growing unchecked, no guardrails: On Cryptocurrency

The legal hoodwinking of adivasis

Introduction The cancellation of Ghatbarra (Chhattisgarh) Gram Sabha’s community forest rights (CFRs), despite earlier recognition under the Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006, has triggered concerns about legal fairness, administrative overreach and the future of Adivasi forest governance. The High Court ruling, which upheld the revocation of CFRs based on procedural grounds, marks a sharp break… Continue reading The legal hoodwinking of adivasis

India’s Emerging Frontier in Precision Biotherapeutics 

Why in the News? India’s growing burden of non-communicable diseases and its vast genetic diversity make precision biotherapeutics and targeted therapies a strategic medical priority. About Precision Biotherapeutics: Concept: Precision biotherapeutics are targeted medical treatments – gene therapies, biologics, mRNA drugs, engineered antibodies – designed according to a patient’s genetic, molecular, or cellular profile. Scientific… Continue reading India’s Emerging Frontier in Precision Biotherapeutics 

Researchers to study rare Dolphin-Fisher kinship in Ashtamudi Lake

Why in the News? In Ashtamudi Lake, Kerala, artisanal fishers and Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa plumbea) engage in a rare and sophisticated form of human–wildlife cooperative hunting. Unique Dolphin-Fisher in Ashtamudi Lake: Cooperative Hunting: Dolphins herd fish towards artisanal fishers standing in shallow water. Signals: Dolphins give tail-slaps or rolls to signal fishers to cast… Continue reading Researchers to study rare Dolphin-Fisher kinship in Ashtamudi Lake

Senkaku-Diaoyu Islands Issue

Why in the News? A China Coast Guard formation patrolled the Senkaku waters as Beijing escalated tensions with Japan over recent remarks on Taiwan. About the Senkaku–Diaoyu Islands Issue: Location & Status: A small uninhabited island group in the East China Sea, claimed by Japan, China, and Taiwan. Names: Japan calls them Senkaku, China Diaoyu,… Continue reading Senkaku-Diaoyu Islands Issue

Article 32 of Indian Constitution

Why in the News? At an event marking 75 years of the Constitution, the Chief Justice of India B.R. Gawai, said Ambedkar saw Article 32 as the core provision allowing citizens to approach the Supreme Court for the enforcement of fundamental rights. About Article 32: Right to Constitutional Remedies: Article 32 allows any individual to… Continue reading Article 32 of Indian Constitution

Army sets up three new garrisons near the Siliguri Corridor

Why in the News? India has set up three new Army garrisons at Dhubri, Kishanganj, and Chopra to secure the vulnerable eastern frontier and protect the Siliguri Corridor amid instability in Bangladesh and rising Chinese activity. About Siliguri Corridor: Overview: A narrow land strip connecting mainland India to the Northeast, popularly called the Chicken Neck… Continue reading Army sets up three new garrisons near the Siliguri Corridor

Sankaradeva’s Vrindavani Vastra to be displayed in Assam

Why in the News? Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma left for London to initiate the process of bringing back the revered Vrindavani Vastra from the British Museum. About Vrindavani Vastra: Origin: 16th-century silk tapestry woven under the guidance of Srimanta Sankaradeva at Taniguchi (Barpeta), Assam. Commission: Requested by Cilarai, brother of Koch king Naranarayana.… Continue reading Sankaradeva’s Vrindavani Vastra to be displayed in Assam

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