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  • What are the 5 Areas You Need to Have Clarity On Before You Start UPSC-CSE Preparation? || Ditch the Generic Advice, Get All the UPSC Guidance You Need in Our Free 1-on-1 (40 Minutes) Mentorship Session || Fill the Form to Hear From a Civilsdaily Mentor in 24 Hrs

    UPSC Civil Services Exam is conducted every year to induct officers into All India Services like IAS, IPS, IFS and IRS. Known for being one of the most rigorous exams in India, over ten lakh candidates vie for 700-900 vacancies every year. These challenges, however, shouldn’t deter you from cracking UPSC-CSE in 2023. 

    1. The Holy Trinity of UPSC-CSE Preparation

    Before you begin your preparation for the UPSC Exam, you need to ace the Holy Trinity of clearing UPSC-CSE – hard work, strategy and guidance. Most toppers believe in putting 70% of their efforts into self-studies. They then invest 20% of their time in honing their strategy. Finally, about 10% of their preparation goes into seeking guidance from experienced UPSC mentors.  

    1. Understand the UPSC Exam Schedule

    There are three qualifying stages in UPSC-CSE – Prelims, Mains and Interview. The preliminary examination is based on objective questions, the mains examination requires one to write explanatory answers, and the interview is a personality test. With the advent of digital media, you can prepare for all three stages online in an integrated manner.

    1. Develop a deep Knowledge of the syllabus

     Realize the extent of your preparation even before you start. It would help if you memorized the entire UPSC syllabus and understood the nature and scope of every sub-topic. You must also know the right books in the market for every subject and the unnecessary ones. Going through the previous year papers will give you a glimpse of the pattern of questions asked under each topic. Sometimes, aspirants are unaware of their strong and weak points. Getting timely assistance from a UPSC mentor is crucial at this point.

    3) Developing a Smart Strategy

    Creating a plan with measurable outcomes is critical for this exam. An ideal schedule will have syllabus coverage, revision, and tests for both prelims and mains on a daily basis. It’s important to set weekly and monthly targets to stay on track for an entire year. However, following a topper’s strategy blindly without understanding your pace of learning makes you disoriented in the long run. Every aspirant should have a personalized study plan by a mentor that is tailored to their learning curve. A smart strategy is experimental only at the initial stages while you try to understand your comfort zones. However, after three months or so, it needs to provide stability to your preparation.

    4) Managing Current Affairs

    Current Affairs is the lifeblood of UPSC preparation. However, there is so much news every day that an average aspirant struggles to keep up. To streamline current affairs preparation, you must connect news events to the topics in your books. Doing so can make it easier for aspirants to recall essential facts and score better in the exam. A mentor can give you an idea and work along with you to track the right news topics for UPSC in the initial peroiod.

    5) Choosing Optionals for GS Mains

    Out of 9 papers in GS Mains, two of them will be based on a subject of your choice from the 48 options provided by UPSC-CSE. Before selecting an optional, narrow down the 3-4 based on your educational background. After going through the previous year question papers and the study material, consult with a mentor which could be the most scoring subject amongst the three subjects. The objective is to score above 100 marks out of 250 in your optional papers. 

    6) Answer Writing Practice

    While studying a topic, it’s essential to know what kind of questions would appear in this section from Mains point of view. Any aspirant must practice answering questions on Mains G subjects and Essays. Not just answer-writing, but evaluation and feedback of those answers by a trusted mentor will considerably improve your marks. Getting constructive criticism at the outset will help you implement the best technique to write answers. Having your essays examined will ensure you make a habit of avoiding blunders in the exam hall. 

    Getting the appropriate advice may save you a lot of time and effort. Why waste time learning by trial-and-error when you can simplify the process with proper guidance through one-on-one UPSC mentorship?

    Why Should You Opt for a Free 1-on-1 Mentorship from Civilsdaily Mentor to Understand UPSC than Follow Generic Advice on Youtube?

    You have heard the same advice over and over again in many youtube videos by toppers and UPSC coaches — Revise every topic three times, study so-and so books for the exam and practice test series. However is it helping you much?

    Jasmine Kaur also felt the same way, before she got in touch with Santosh sir. Despite revising three times and reading the same books like other toppers, she was not able to clear prelims. After Santosh sir’s mentorship, she easily cleared the exam in 2021.

    It’s always better to opt for personalised mentorship than generic advice on youtube which can clash with your capacity. And here at Civilsdaily, we provide it absolutely for free!

    How does Samanvaya, Free 1-on-1 Mentorship help you clear UPSC 2023 in one shot?

    Our philosophy behind MENTORSHIP is to get you out of this Snooze cycle. This ensures that you are the BEST VERSION of yourself in this journey. If you are under the impression that mentorship is weekly calls you attend, then you are mistaken, my friend. Trust us, your mentor will be your ‘FRIEND, PHILOSOPHER AND GUIDE’.

    TO EACH THEIR OWN – Every aspirant is different. Their strengths and weaknesses are different. Their time availability is also different. Identifying this is important so you don’t end up making unrealistic targets and lose momentum. Your mentor will make sure you start slow but remain consistent to build your confidence. Making your schedule structured based on our experience of working with 2500+ students is our first priority. 

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    TRACK YOUR PROGRESS – When you see yourself grow, it becomes easier to motivate yourself to push boundaries. Tracking your progress can happen in many ways like mentorship calls or chat sessions or by regular tests. The idea is to ensure that you don’t go off track in your preparation, and even if you do, we have your back.

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    EVOLUTION – A constant guidance is important to bring consistency to your UPSC preparation. Guidance is not about clearing your doubts or asking you to study when you don’t. It is also about the evolution of your preparation. This is where you and your mentor work as a team. A constant effort to PLAN AND BUILD UP YOUR ABILITY to learn in a faster and more efficient way.RECEIVE PERSONAL GUIDANCE FOR UPSC (REGISTER HERE)

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    TALK IT OUT – The biggest hurdle in achieving your highest level of consistency is the emotional part. Every now and then, you. surround yourself with negative thoughts, you feel scared and depressed. Instead of resolving these emotional issues, you avoid them as it seems like a waste of your precious time. You have to understand that ignoring emotional troubles does not solve them. What your doing is building an emotional time bomb that may burst a week before your mains or prelims! This is where your MENTOR AS A FRIEND comes in. All our mentors have been through this journey. We understand your fears and anxieties. So, TALK IT OUT.

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    Don’t let inconsistency keep you away from your dreams.

    How has Civilsdaily Mentorship, helped Aspirants become Toppers?

    The most difficult challenge faced by EVERY candidate is inconsistency. Be it inconsistency in studies, answer-writing practice, covering the syllabus, or revision, every candidate finds it difficult to cope with. But how do successful candidates manage to FIGHT Inconsistency so consistently?

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    In UPSC 2020, Civilsdaily helped 80+ students secure ranks in their exams. In the top 100, every 3rd ranker was a Civilsdaily student.

     A very recent success story would be Vishwa Shah, student of Civilsdaily Mentor, Sukanya Ma’am. Vishwa has cleared the GPSC exam to become the Deputy Superintendent of Police in Gujarat. He has penned a thank-you note yesterday. Heartiest Congratulations to Vishwa!

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    One of our other Civilsdaily Student, Shubham Nagargoje cleared the exams in 2020 to become an IPS Officer. Shubham was gracious enough to let us know how he felt about Civilsdaily Samanvaya Guidance under Parth sir.

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    To know how all of them cleared the exam with our mentorship, visit the Unherd Podcast.https://www.youtube.com/embed/SJ88ihHyqRg?feature=oembed&enablejsapi=1&origin=https://www.civilsdaily.com

    Now that results are announced for UPSC 2021 Prelims, out of 15 out of 25 students of Santhosh Gupta sir have been recommended to Mains. One such student, Rahul expresses his gratitude and extends his appreciation.https://www.youtube.com/embed/JisjYSfTzaM?feature=oembed&enablejsapi=1&origin=https://www.civilsdaily.com

    Most of our Mentors like Sudhanshu sir, Sajal sir, Santhosh sir, Pravin sir, Parth Verma sir and Sukanya Ma’am were UPSC aspirants themselves and have attended UPSC Mains more than five times and UPSC Interview more than twice. Hence their mentorship is always a blend of the best test series, comprehensive notes and current affairs knowledge.

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    All of them dedicate their time weekly to give 1-on-1 mentorship to every student where they discuss last week’s performance and next week’s approach.

    Be it Telegram, Whatsapp or Habitiat channels, they are always available and clear student’s doubts in a turnaround time of 24 Hours.

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    Why Civilsdaily Mentors are the GPS for Your UPSC-CSE Preparation

    Remember there is always light at the end of the tunnel and if you want to get out of the tunnel you have to follow the direction of the light! Our mentors’ give you direction which is divided into daily modules. All you have to do is study and complete them on time.

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    See the source image

    How are Current Civilsdaily Students Gearing up for UPSC-CSE 2022?

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    Initially, our Civilsdaily student Smriti wasn’t confident about Prelims when she began her preparation. Though she had joined Civilsdaily in 2020, she started studying for UPSC-CSE back in 2019. At that time, Smriti had enrolled in multiple institutes. Though, most of these institutes had promised a personal mentor, she was unable to get in touch with them on a daily basis. Also those mentors never scheduled test-series on a weekly basis. Hence, despite preparing for a year, Smriti had scored only 35 marks out of 200 in her first test series by Civilsdaily.

    She then started writing 20-25 test series over the course of UAP 2021 and in her last test, her scores have drastically improved. She now scores in the range of 130-135 marks in prelims’ and 110+ in mains’ papers.

    In Smriti’s own words she describes her Samanvaya Mentorship Experience to be —

    Our parents provide us financial and emotional support, friends provide us moral support and the right mentor gives you logistic and logical support for UPSC. There are days when I felt I won’t be able to compete against lakhs of aspirants. That’s when my mentor, Ravi sir reminded me of my improvement and encouraged me that I can crack it with the same consistency. We need someone, who tells us we are performing well especially when we cannot see that ourselves. The mentorship at Civilsdaily helped me become mentally stronger as a person. In other institutes, mentors are allotted only for doubt resolution. But at Civilsdaily, I am getting end-to-end mentorship via value added notes, classes, test series and detailed evaluation.”

    Similarly our another Civilsdaily student, Ashish sums up his Samanvaya experience with Civilsdaily mentor, Pravin Sir, “Because of Pravin sir’s support, I am able to understand a topic in lesser time.”

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    This is how Pravin sir evaluates Ashish’s Mains Test Series every week. After every test series evaluation, Pravin sir schedules a 1 hour call to discuss how Ashish can improve his marks and the sources he can refer for key topics.

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    https://youtube.com/watch?v=Z33pXlysyX4%3Ffeature%3Doembed%26enablejsapi%3D1%26origin%3Dhttps%3A

    It’s Your Turn Get the Free 40 Min Counselling Session By a CD Mentor

    Civilsdaily mentors are so dedicated, consistent and focused for your UPSC goal, that you will eventually become focused into turning your dreams to reality.

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    At the core of Civilsdaily UPSC mentorship, lies the fact that each one of you will have a unique journey while preparing for the exam. Some will get through on the first attempt without much effort while others will take both more time and more effort.

    We want to understand you better to help you optimize your journey so you can focus on the right things and not waste time on the wrong ones. We are asking you to tap into the valuable experiences of mentors who underwent the same grind and realize the pitfalls and understand the shortcuts to make it.

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  • 21st February 2022| Daily Answer Writing Enhancement(AWE)

    Topics for Today’s questions:

    GS-1      Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone. etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes. 

    GS-2     Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting  India’s interests.

    GS-3    Infrastructure : Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc ; Inclusive Growth and issues

    GS-4    Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance

    Question 1)

     

    Q.1 In context of the significance of the Himalayan mountain system for South Asia, explain the factors responsible for melting of glaciers and its impact on the region. (10 Marks)

     

    Question 2)

    Q.2 France, which had sought strategic autonomy within the framework of its alliance with the US, and India, which has valued independent foreign policy, are natural partners in building the new coalitions for an uncertain era. Comment. (10 Marks)

    Question 3)

    Q.3 Electricity prices vary not just among end-users, but also between states due to the complex patchwork of different taxes and subsidy regimes. What are the implications of this for unequal development among the states? Suggest the way forward. (10 Marks)

    Question 4)  

    Q.4 Analyze the significance of appointing ethics officers in the light of strengthening corporate governance in India. (10 Marks) .

     

    HOW TO ATTEMPT ANSWERS IN DAILY ANSWER WRITING ENHANCEMENT(AWE)?

    1. Daily 4 questions from General studies 1, 2, 3, and 4 will be provided to you.

    2. A Mentor’s Comment will be available for all answers. This can be used as a guidance tool but we encourage you to write original answers.

    3. You can write your answer on an A4 sheet and scan/click pictures of the same.

    4.  Upload the scanned answer in the comment section of the same question.

    5. Along with the scanned answer, please share your Razor payment ID, so that paid members are given priority.

    6. If you upload the answer on the same day like the answer of 11th  February is uploaded on 11th February then your answer will be checked within 72 hours. Also, reviews will be in the order of submission- First come first serve basis

    7. If you are writing answers late, for example, 11th February is uploaded on 13th February , then these answers will be evaluated as per the mentor’s schedule.

    8. We encourage you to write answers on the same day. However, if you are uploading an answer late then tag the mentor like @Staff so that the mentor is notified about your answer.

    *In case your answer is not reviewed, reply to your answer saying *NOT CHECKED*. 

    For the philosophy of AWE and payment: 

  • Q.4 Analyze the significance of appointing ethics officers in the light of strengthening corporate governance in India. (10 Marks) .

    Mentor’s Comments-

    • Briefly define the role of ethics officer.
    • Mention the significance of the ethics officers with relevant examples.
    • Conclude by providing the status of ethics officers in Indian companies and their needs.
  • Q.3 Electricity prices vary not just among end-users, but also between states due to the complex patchwork of different taxes and subsidy regimes. What are the implications of this for unequal development among the states? Suggest the way forward. (10 Marks)

    Mentor’s comment-
    • https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/on-an-equal-footing/article65068161.ece
    • In the intro, mention the disparity of income among the states.
    • In the body mention that the price and quality of power plays an important role in investment and industrialisation and high-income states get the edge on that count.
    • In the suggestions mention eliminating the price discrimination by synchronizing all the grids. Next mention the inclusion of electricity duty under the GST.
    • Conclude by mentioning that the move will benefit the whole nation through rational tax devolution and, therefore, provide the opportunity to attain higher growth.
  • Q.2 France, which had sought strategic autonomy within the framework of its alliance with the US, and India, which has valued independent foreign policy, are natural partners in building the new coalitions for an uncertain era. Comment. (10 Marks)

    Mentor’s comment-
    • https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/the-significance-of-eu-india-partnership-in-the-indo-pacific-france-7782871/
    • In the intro, mention strategic partnership between the two countries from 1998 which is emblematic of the convergence of the views on a range of issues.
    • In the body mention how France and India both maintained an independent foreign policy and seek to be important players in the changing global order.
    • Mention the role of France in the Indo-Pacific, its partnership with India in various areas such as defence, space, civil nuclear, economic etc. Also, mention that India and France see that strengthening bilateral cooperation and building coalitions with like-minded countries is critical for the protection of their long term interests.
    • Conclude by mentioning the the India’s new partnership with France and other like-minded countries would hopefully turn out to be far more consequential for India’s influence on the global stage.
  • Q.1 In context of the significance of the Himalayan mountain system for South Asia, explain the factors responsible for melting of glaciers and its impact on the region. (10 Marks)

    Mentor’s Comments-

    • Introduce the answer by writing about significance of the Himalayas for South Asia.
    • Bring out the factors that are responsible for the melting of Himalayas.
    • Bring out the impact of melting of glaciers in the Himalayas on the region.
    • Conclude accordingly.
  • Why Wait Till June For UPSC 2023 Batches When you Can Get Them Now?||UPSC 2023 Foundation Course & Ultimate Assessment Program For Prelims  & Mains || For Beginners & Working Junta|| Prelims-Mains Integrated Test Series, Foundational Classes, Essay Writing Program and Current Affairs|| In Both Online/Offline Modes – Fill the Form To Register Now

    Why Wait Till June For UPSC 2023 Batches When you Can Get Them Now?||UPSC 2023 Foundation Course & Ultimate Assessment Program For Prelims & Mains || For Beginners & Working Junta|| Prelims-Mains Integrated Test Series, Foundational Classes, Essay Writing Program and Current Affairs|| In Both Online/Offline Modes – Fill the Form To Register Now

    Everything that is important. Nothing that is not.


    In 2020-21, we connected with over 9,000+ IAS aspirants via our
    Samanvaya (1 on 1 mentoring) outreach program

    With an average call time of ~40 minutes, we spent ~3.84 lakh minutes (~6,500 hours) in understanding you and your preparation strategies.

    Here’s what we learnt about you

    You have doubts. Lots of them. Almost on a daily basis. 70% of them are academic, 20% are strategy related and 10% about life and thereabouts.

    1. You want a time table which adapts according to your learning curve.

    2. You think news & static concepts should be tied together for better retention.

    3. You are perfectly fine with self study modules but need motivation boosters to keep you up on the right track.

    4. You want your preparation to be non-judgemental.

    5. You want a community of like minded, sincere aspirants so that you can feed off each other’s energy.

    6. You love active learning.

    7. You love active doubt resolutions.

    6. You are patient with your progress as long as its assuring.

    UAP 2023 is built with keeping all these things in mind.
    Nothing more. Nothing less.


    Quick reference links: 

    Click here UAP 2023 Master Time Table

    Download Brochure: UAP 2023 from CivilsDaily

    Want to talk to us first? Click here to fill this Samanvaya form


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  • What is Permanent Indus Commission?

    A 10-member Indian delegation will visit Pakistan for the annual meeting of the Permanent Indus Commission (PIC) from March 1-3.

    Agenda this year

    • Pakistan has some objections on Indian hydroelectric projects namely Pakal Dul (1,000 MW), Lower Kalnai (48 MW) and Kiru (624 MW) in Chenab basin in Jammu and Kashmir.
    • Pakistan has raised objections on the design of these projects.
    • India, however, asserts that the design of the project is fully compliant with the provisions of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT).

    Permanent Indus Commission

    • The PIC is a bilateral commission consisting of officials from India and Pakistan, created to implement and manage the goals and objectives, and outlines of the IWT.

    Indus Waters Treaty, 1960

    • The Indus Waters Treaty is a water-distribution treaty between India and Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank signed in Karachi in 1960.
    • According to this agreement, control over the water flowing in three “eastern” rivers of India — the Beas, the Ravi and the Sutlej was given to India
    • The control over the water flowing in three “western” rivers of India — the Indus, the Chenab and the Jhelum was given to Pakistan.

    Rights accorded to India

    • The treaty allowed India to use western rivers water for limited irrigation use and unrestricted use for power generation, domestic industrial and non-consumptive uses such as navigation, floating of property, fish culture, etc.
    • It lays down precise regulations to build any water or hydel projects.
    • India has been given the right to generate hydroelectricity through run-of-the-river projects on the western rivers subject to specific criteria for design and operation.
    • The pact also gives the right to Pakistan to raise objections to designs of Indian hydroelectric projects on the western rivers.

    Based on equitable water-sharing

    • Back in time, partitioning the Indus rivers system was inevitable after the Partition of India in 1947.
    • The sharing formula devised after prolonged negotiations sliced the Indus system into two halves.
    • Equitable it may have seemed, but the fact remained that India conceded 80.52 percent of the aggregate water flows in the Indus system to Pakistan.
    • It also gave Rs 83 crore in pounds sterling to Pakistan to help build replacement canals from the western rivers. Such generosity is unusual of an upper riparian.
    • India conceded its upper riparian position on the western rivers for the complete rights on the eastern rivers.
    • Water was critical for India’s development plans.

    Significance of the treaty

    • It is a treaty that is often cited as an example of the possibilities of peaceful coexistence that exist despite the troubled relationship.
    • Well-wishers of the treaty often dub it “uninterrupted and uninterruptible”.
    • The World Bank, which, as the third party, played a pivotal role in crafting the IWT, continues to take particular pride that the treaty functions.

    Need for a rethink

    • The role of India, as a responsible upper riparian abiding by the provisions of the treaty, has been remarkable.
    • However, of late, India is under pressure to rethink the extent to which it can remain committed to the provisions, as its overall political relations with Pakistan becomes intractable.

     

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Sealed Cover Jurisprudence

    Some Parliamentarians and prominent figures have issued a statement expressing discontent over the Kerala High Court’s verdict upholding the transmission ban on a Malayalam news channel.

    What is the news?

    • The channel went off air as the Centre suspended its telecast over “security reasons”.
    • The High Court’s decision was based entirely on the assessment of documents presented by the MHA in a sealed cover.
    • The contents of which were not shared with the news channel.

    What is Sealed Cover Jurisprudence?

    • It is a practice used by the Supreme Court and sometimes lower courts, of asking for or accepting information from government agencies in sealed envelopes that can only be accessed by judges.
    • A specific law does not define the doctrine of sealed cover.
    • The Supreme Court derives its power to use it from Rule 7 of order XIII of the Supreme Court Rules and Section 123 of the Indian Evidence Act of 1872.

    Nature of the power: Upholding Secrecy

    • If the Chief Justice or court directs certain information to be kept under sealed cover or considers it of confidential nature, no party would be allowed access to the contents of such information.
    • There is an exception to this if the Chief Justice himself orders that the opposite party be allowed to access it.
    • It also mentions that information can be kept confidential if its publication is not considered to be in the interest of the public.
    • As for the Evidence Act, official unpublished documents relating to state affairs are protected and a public officer cannot be compelled to disclose such documents.

    Grounds of such secrecy

    Other instances where information may be sought in secrecy or confidence is when its publication:

    1. Impedes an ongoing investigation
    2. Details which are part of the police’s case diary or
    3. Breaches the privacy of an individual

    Prominent cases of sealed jurisprudence

    Sealed cover jurisprudence has been frequently employed by courts in the recent past.

    (1) Rafale Deal

    • In the case pertaining to the controversial Rafale fighter jet deal, a Bench headed by CJI Ranjan Gogoi in 2018, had asked the Centre to submit details related to deal’s decision making and pricing in a sealed cover.
    • This was done as the Centre had contended that such details were subject to the Official Secrets Act and Secrecy clauses in the deal.

    (2) Bhim Koregaon Case

    • In the Bhima Koregaon case, in which activists were arrested under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act.
    • The Supreme Court had relied on information submitted by the Maharashtra police in a sealed cover.

    Criticism of such acts

    • Critics of this practice contend that it is not favorable to the principles of transparency and accountability of the Indian justice system.
    • It stands in contrast to the idea of an open court, where decisions can be subjected to public scrutiny.
    • It is also said to enlarge the scope for arbitrariness in court decisions, as judges are supposed to lay down reasoning for their decisions.
    • Besides, it is argued that not providing access to such documents to the accused parties obstructs their passage to a fair trial and adjudication.

    How has judiciary responded to this?

    • In the 2019 judgment in the case of P Gopalakrishnan V. The State of Kerala, the Supreme Court had said that disclosure of documents to the accused is constitutionally mandated.
    • This is possible even if the investigation is ongoing and said documents may lead to breakthrough in the investigation.

     

  • What is a First Information Report (FIR)?

    This newscard is an excerpt from the original article published in the IE.

    What is an FIR?

    • The term first information report (FIR) is not defined in the Indian Penal Code (IPC), Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973, or in any other law.
    • However, but in police regulations or rules, information recorded under Section 154 of CrPC is known as FIR.
    • Section 154 (“Information in cognizable cases”) says that every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offence, if given orally to an officer in charge of a police station, shall be recorded in writing.
    • It has to be signed by the person giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book to be kept by such officer in such form as the State Government may prescribe.

    Important components of FIR

    In essence, then, there are three important elements of an FIR:

    1. the information must relate to the commission of a cognizable offence,
    2. it should be given in writing or orally to the head of the police station and,
    3. it must be written down and signed by the informant, and its key points should be recorded in a daily diary.

    What is a cognizable offence?

    • A cognizable offence/case is one in which a police officer may make an arrest without a warrant.
    • In the First Schedule, “the word ‘cognizable’ stands for ‘a police officer may arrest without warrant’; and the word ‘non-cognizable’ stands for ‘a police officer shall not arrest without warrant’.”

    What is the difference between a complaint and an FIR?

    • The CrPC defines a “complaint” as any allegation made orally or in writing to a Magistrate, that some person, whether known or unknown, has committed an offence, but does not include a police report.
    • However, an FIR is a document that has been prepared by the police after verifying the facts of the complaint.
    • The FIR may contain details of the crime and the alleged criminal.
    • If, on the basis of a complaint, it appears that a cognizable offence has been committed, then an FIR under Section 154 CrPC will be registered, and police will open an investigation.
    • If no offence is found, the police will close the inquiry.

    What in case of non-cognizable offences?

    • In case of non-cognizable offences, an FIR under Section 155 CrPC, commonly called “NCR”, is registered, and the complainant will be asked to approach a court for an order.
    • The court may then direct the police to conduct an investigation on the complaint.

    What is a Zero FIR?

    • When a police station receives a complaint regarding an alleged offence that has been committed in the jurisdiction of another police station, it registers an FIR, and then transfers it to the concerned police station for further investigation.
    • This is called a Zero FIR. No regular FIR number is given.
    • After receiving the Zero FIR, the concerned police station registers a fresh FIR and starts the investigation.

    What if the police refuse to register an FIR?

    • Under Section 154(3) CrPC, if any person is aggrieved by the refusal on the part of the officer in charge of a police station to register an FIR, she can send the complaint to the Superintendent of Police/DCP concerned.
    • If the SP/DCP if satisfied that such information discloses the commission of a cognizable offence, will either investigate the case, or direct an investigation by a subordinate police officer.
    • If no FIR is registered, the aggrieved persons can file a complaint under Section 156(3) CrPC before a concerned court.
    • If the court is satisfied that a cognizable offence is made out from the complaint, will direct the police to register an FIR and conduct an investigation.

    What happens after an FIR is filed?

    • The police will investigate the case and will collect evidence in the form of statements of witnesses or other scientific materials. They can arrest the alleged persons as per law.
    • If there is sufficient evidence to corroborate the allegations of the complainant, then a charge sheet will be filed.
    • Or else, a Final Report mentioning that no evidence was found will be filed in court.
    • If it is found that no offence has been committed, a cancellation report will be filed. If no trace of the accused persons is found, an ‘untraced’ report will be filed.
    • However, if the court does not agree with the investigation report, it can order further investigation.

     

    Try this question from CSP 2021:

    Q.With reference to India, consider the following statements:

    1. Judicial custody means an accused is in the custody of the concerned magistrate and such accused is locked up in police station, not in jail.
    2. During judicial custody, the police officer in charge of the case is not allowed to interrogate the suspect without the approval of the court.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    (a) 1 only

    (b) 2 only

    (c) Both 1 and 2

    (d) Neither 1 nor 2

     

    Post your answers here.

     

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  • Can dark matter be composed, even partly, of black holes?

    A recent hypothesis says that dark matter comprises a large number of compact objects such as primordial black holes.

    What are Dark Matters ?

    • Astronomical observations suggest that a significant part of the universe is made up of dark matter which interacts with the rest of the universe only through the gravitational pull.
    • Many large lab experiments have tried to detect elementary particles that could be candidates for dark matter.
    • However, such dark matter particles have not been detected until now.
    • Several astronomical observations suggest that all galaxies are embedded in a “halo” of dark matter.
    • The “visible” galaxy is like a disc embedded in a dark matter halo that is much larger in size.

    What is the recent proposition?

    • When the universe was very young, hot and dense – soon after the Big Bang, it must have had quantum fluctuations of its density.
    • This, in turn, would have caused some regions to become extremely dense, and therefore, to collapse under their own gravity to form the primordial black holes.
    • While we have no conclusive evidence of spotting these objects, some of the binary black hole mergers detected by the LIGO gravitational wave detectors might be primordial black holes.
    • The question is open there is good reason to believe that primordial black holes did form in the young universe.

    Observing dark matter: Gravitational Lensing

    • The paper explores what happens when such objects get in the way of gravitational waves traveling towards the Earth from the distance.
    • It invokes a phenomenon called gravitational lensing that is used regularly in astronomy.
    • When light travels through space and passes near a massive or compact body – a star, a galaxy or a black hole, for example, the intense gravity of that body may attract the light towards it.
    • This causes bending it from its rectilinear (straight line) path.
    • This phenomenon is known as gravitational lensing and was first observed by Arthur Eddington in 1919.

    How intense are they?

    • Massive objects like galaxies can bend light significantly, producing multiple images, this is called strong lensing.
    • Lighter objects like stars or black holes bend light less, and this is called micro-lensing.
    • A similar lensing can happen to gravitational waves travelling towards the Earth, and this would leave signatures in the detected gravitational waves.
    • This can be used to detect the presence, or the existence, of primordial black holes.

    Assessing dark matter

    • Until now, individual black holes have not marked out these signatures on gravitational waves detected by the LIGO-VIRGO detectors.
    • However, if all of the dark matter is made of primordial black holes, they should have produced detectable signatures on the gravitational wave signals.
    • The researchers use the non-observation of the lensing signatures to assess what fraction of the dark matter could be made of black holes.

    Way ahead

    • This provides a new way of constraining the nature of dark matter.
    • The study concludes that black holes in the mass range from a hundred to a million solar masses can contribute only up to 50-80% of the dark matter in the universe.
    • This is an upper limit and the actual fraction can be much smaller.
    • These upper limits will get better and better with more and more observations.

     

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  • Lucy Mission to probe Jupiter’s Trojan Asteroids

    NASA is set to send its first spacecraft to study Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids to glean new insights into the solar system’s formation 4.5 billion years ago.

    Lucy Mission

    • Lucy will fly by eight Jupiter asteroids—seven Trojans and one main-belt asteroid — over the next 12 years.
    • It is NASA’s first single spacecraft mission in history to explore so many different asteroids.
    • Lucy will run on solar power out to 850 million km away from the Sun.
    • This makes it the farthest-flung solar-powered spacecraft ever, according to NASA.

    What is Jupiter Trojan Asteroids?

    • Simply known as Trojans, they are a large group of asteroids that share Jupiter’s orbit around the Sun.
    • Thousands of such asteroids exist in a gravitationally stable space.
    • The swarms lead and follow the planet Jupiter along its orbit around the Sun.

    What exactly are Trojans?

    • Lucy’s Trojan destinations are trapped near Jupiter’s Lagrange (L) points, which are gravitationally stable locations — it is where the gravity from the Sun and from Jupiter cancel each other out.
    • This means their orbits are stable and the Trojans are trapped in the space between.
    • This also means that asteroids are as far away from Jupiter as they are from the Sun.
    • Jupiter’s leading and trailing Lagrangian points (L4 and L5) have been stable over the age of the solar system.
    • This means that their orbits have accumulated many, many asteroids.
    • It makes sense to call a Trojan a co-orbital object, which moves around one of the two stable Lagrangian points.

    When and how were they discovered?

    • It took many a scientist to understand Trojans, and subsequently, name them so.
    • A German astrophotographer in 1906 made an important discovery: An asteroid with a particularly unusual orbit. As Jupiter moved, this asteroid remained ahead of Jupiter.
    • It was observed that the asteroid was nearly 60 degrees in front of Jupiter.

    Students with engineering background would better understand who Lagrange was. Rest need not care.

    Lagrange’s propositions

    • This specific position of a particular behavior was predicted by the Italian-French mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange over 100 years earlier.
    • Lagrange had argued that if a small celestial body is placed at one of two stable points in a planet’s orbit around the Sun (the L4 and L5), the asteroid would remain stationary from the planet’s perspective.
    • This is due to the combined gravitational forces of the planet and the Sun.
    • Thus, Lagrange’s prediction acquired credibility. More such asteroids were discovered over subsequent months in Jupiter’s Lagrange point L5.

    Behind the name: Lucy

    • It is the fossil of a hominin that lived 3.2 million years ago.
    • She is known to be one of the most famous pre-human fossils in history.
    • Nearly 40 percent of the fossilized skeleton of this hominin was discovered in 1974 by a team of paleoanthropologists led by Donald Johanson.
    • The name was inspired from the famous Beatles song “Lucy in the Sky With Diamonds,” which Johanson’s team listened to at camp the night of their discovery.

    Back2Basics: Lagrange Points

    • Lagrange points are positions in space where objects sent there tend to stay put.
    • They are named after Italian-French mathematician Josephy-Louis Lagrange.
    • At Lagrange points, the gravitational pull of two large masses precisely equals the centripetal force required for a small object to move with them.
    • These points in space can be used by spacecraft to reduce the fuel consumption needed to remain in position.
    • There are five special points where a small mass can orbit in a constant pattern with two larger masses.

     

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  • [Sansad TV] Perspective: Free Trade Agreement

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    Context

    • India currently has 11 Free Trade Agreements or Regional Trade Agreements with other countries/regions in addition to 6 limited coverage Preferential Trade Agreements.
    • Strategically, FTAs have helped India compete at a global level and enhance its growth.
    • Last year Parliament Standing Committee on commerce in its report had recommended the government to iron out the issues hindering the signing of Free Trade Agreements with the US and the EU nations.

    So what are the opportunities and challenges of FTAs.

    What is a Free Trade Agreement (FTA)?

    • A FTA is a pact between two or more nations to reduce barriers to imports and exports among them.
    • Under a free trade policy, goods and services can be bought and sold across international borders with little or no government tariffs, quotas, subsidies, or prohibitions to inhibit their exchange.
    • The concept of free trade is the opposite of trade protectionism or economic isolationism.
    • Countries often agree to FTAs if their economic structures are complementary, not competitive.

    Difference between Free Trade and Fair Trade

    • Although these terms are often confused, there are significant differences between free trade and fair trade.
    • FTAs are aimed at fostering open trade between nations to improve economic growth among all involved parties.
    • The fair trade movement is focused on fostering economic equity on a global scale so that the workers who make goods in other countries receive fair wages and improve their lives and communities.

    How many FTAs does India have?

    • India has signed it’s first Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Sri Lanka in 1998.
    • Likewise, India had FTAs with: Nepal, Bhutan, Thailand, Singapore, ASEAN, Japan and Malaysia.
    • India has signed Preferential Trade Agreements such as:
    1. Asia Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA) with Bangladesh, China, India, Lao PDR, Republic of Korea, and Sri Lanka
    2. Global System of Trade Preferences (GSTP)
    3. India – MERCOSUR PTA etc. with South American countries

    Key benefits offered by FTA

    • Reduction or elimination of tariffs on qualified: For example, a country that normally charges a tariff of 12% of the value of the incoming product will rationalize or eliminate that tariff.
    • Intellectual Property Protection: Protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights in the FTA partner country is upheld.
    • Product Standards: FTA enhances the ability for domestic exporters to participate in the development of product standards in the FTA partner country.
    • Fair treatment for investors: FTA provides treatment as favourably as the FTA partner country gives equal treatment for investments from the partner country.
    • Elimination of monopolies: With FTAs, global monopolies are eliminated due to increased competition.

    Disadvantages of FTAs

    The biggest criticism of free trade agreements is that they are responsible for job outsourcing. There are some primary disadvantages:

    • Increased job outsourcing: Reducing tariffs on imports allows companies to expand to other countries. Without tariffs, imports from countries with a low cost of living cost less.
    • Theft of intellectual property: Many developing countries don’t have laws to protect patents, inventions, and new processes.
    • Crowd out domestic industries: Many emerging markets are traditional economies that rely on farming for most employment. These small family farms can’t compete with subsidized agri-businesses.
    • Poor working conditions: Multinational companies may outsource jobs to emerging market countries without adequate labour protections.
    • Degradation of natural resources: Emerging market countries often don’t have many environmental protections. Free trade leads to the depletion of timber, minerals, and other natural resources.
    • Destruction of native cultures: As development moves into isolated areas, indigenous cultures can be destroyed. Local peoples are uprooted.  
    • Reduced tax revenue: Many smaller countries struggle to replace revenue lost from import tariffs and fees.
    • Bane to Indigenization: An FTA will basically put a big challenge to the ‘Make in India’ programme which the current government is aggressively promoting.

    Assessment of India’s FTAs

    (1) India-ASEAN FTA

    • Despite the fact that the Trade Agreement with ASEAN has helped trade grow immensely with India, still, the issue remains that the agreement has benefitted the ASEAN region more than India.
    • With the agreement in goods signed, the domestic markets have faced stiff competition because they have to compete with the cheaper goods of the ASEAN region.
    • For example, the rubber imports from Malaysia, palm oil imports from Indonesia have made it a tough ordeal for the local manufacturers of palm oil and rubber.

    (2) India- RCEP [India opted out from signing]

    • The agricultural sector of India, which faces issues like lack of investment, low productivity, obsolete technology and fragmented landholdings will suffer more.
    • Indian market will be flooded with products from other nations which are comparatively cheaper and have a more efficient agricultural sector.

    Way Forward

    • India is one of the fastest-growing large economies of the world and FTAs have played a significant role in enhancing the trade volume of the country.
    • FTAs must bring the expected tangible benefits.
    • Therefore, there is a need for a detailed assessment of FTAs in terms of goods, services and investment flows by all the stakeholders involved.
    • Beyond mere economic cost-benefit analysis, India must approach such FTAs from a geostrategic perspective also.

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  • MEETING LINK INSIDE, Register & Join Now || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    MEETING LINK INSIDE, Register & Join Now || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    Target UPSC CSE 2023 – How to Get the Basics Right & Start the Preparation like a Topper? || by Sajal sir

    Date & Time: Feb 20, 2022 @07:00 PM (Log in 06:45 PM onwards) India

    Join Zoom Meeting
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    UPSC-CSE 2021 results have shaken the long held belief that the examination can only be cleared after multiple attempts. Most of the UPSC-CSE toppers like Satyam Gandhi (AIR 10), Ria Dabi (AIR 15), Yash Jaluka (AIR 4), Mamta Yadav (AIR 5) and Shashwat Tripurari (AIR 19) cleared the exam as fresh graduates in their very first attempt. How were they able to do it?

    If you watch their strategy videos, you can find a common pattern — they started 12-24 months in advance before the exam.

    UPSC Toppers who Have Benefited From Sajal Sir’s Guidance

    AIR 14, UPSC 2020 Karishma Nair
    AIR 25, UPSC 2020 Vaibhav Rawat
    AIR 65, 2020 Pranay Vijayvergiya
    Rajiv Kumar IPS
    Kunal Aggarwal IRS

    Open to All Webinar by Civilsdaily Mentor Sajal Sir

    One of the benefits of starting your preparation early is the time you would get to revise and practice test series upon completing the syllabus. Also, you would get ample time to pay attention to every subject. There are totally 9 papers in UPSC-CSE Mains and 2 papers in Prelims exams. Not to forget, the daily current affairs. Many aspirants need time to figure out how they can prepare in an understandable manner. That’s why starting your preparation eight months before the exam is not advisable.

    However, what’s the best way to prepare, if you aren’t a fan of making mistakes and figuring it out along the way? We understand how annoying it might be for you if you were to study in a certain way for months together and then realize that it doesn’t align with the UPSC-CSE way of doing things.

    Do you know an ideal preparation would be divided into five phases and spread across 18 months? This means each phase will be about three to four months long.

    This is what Civilsdaily mentor and UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper Sajal sir would be discussing in the upcoming webinar. Backed by years of experience and ongoing research & analysis of the civil services exam, Sajal sir has developed a refined strategy which will he will be sharing to all the newcomers.

    Key-Takeaways of the Free Q&A Webinar with Sajal Sir

    1. The first phase – Studying the Core Subjects. How to read every topic in the syllabus from 2-3 sources in the first reading and prepare a 1-2 page notes? And in your second reading, stick to only one source while using your notes as reference.

    2. The second phase – Studying Mains Specific Subjects & Optional. How to follow the ritual of reading, writing summaries and answering topic-wise previous year questions?

    3. Discussing 2-3 Revision Strategies which you can follow. Why should you not go more than 20 days without revision?

    4. Live demonstration of making the perfect notes. How to not copy line-by-line of everything you read & only note down the 5 dimensions of a topic?

    5. Why is the third phase of preparation the shortest of all? What should you ideally do after completing the Prelims and Mains subjects?

    6. About the fourth phase. How to improve your accuracy 3 months before the Prelims exams?

    5. The last phase. What must be done 3 months before the Mains exams?

    6. Including statistics and relevant data. What are the subject-wise important committee reports you should read?

    7. Three readings per subject. How do you study during each revision phase?

    Sajal Sir will also hold a Q&A Session where beginners and veterans can clarify their doubts.

    Webinar Details

    If you want to get the nuances of UPSC-CSE preparation right in the first go, then this free webinar is for you! Just fill the form and let us know the question you want to ask Sajal sir in the one hour long session on Sunday.

    Date: 20 February 2022

    Time: 7 PM

  • Register & Join in 15 Mins  || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    Register & Join in 15 Mins || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    UPSC-CSE 2021 results have shaken the long held belief that the examination can only be cleared after multiple attempts. Most of the UPSC-CSE toppers like Satyam Gandhi (AIR 10), Ria Dabi (AIR 15), Yash Jaluka (AIR 4), Mamta Yadav (AIR 5) and Shashwat Tripurari (AIR 19) cleared the exam as fresh graduates in their very first attempt. How were they able to do it?

    If you watch their strategy videos, you can find a common pattern — they started 12-24 months in advance before the exam.

    UPSC Toppers who Have Benefited From Sajal Sir’s Guidance

    AIR 14, UPSC 2020 Karishma Nair
    AIR 25, UPSC 2020 Vaibhav Rawat
    AIR 65, 2020 Pranay Vijayvergiya
    Rajiv Kumar IPS
    Kunal Aggarwal IRS

    Open to All Webinar by Civilsdaily Mentor Sajal Sir

    One of the benefits of starting your preparation early is the time you would get to revise and practice test series upon completing the syllabus. Also, you would get ample time to pay attention to every subject. There are totally 9 papers in UPSC-CSE Mains and 2 papers in Prelims exams. Not to forget, the daily current affairs. Many aspirants need time to figure out how they can prepare in an understandable manner. That’s why starting your preparation eight months before the exam is not advisable.

    However, what’s the best way to prepare, if you aren’t a fan of making mistakes and figuring it out along the way? We understand how annoying it might be for you if you were to study in a certain way for months together and then realize that it doesn’t align with the UPSC-CSE way of doing things.

    Do you know an ideal preparation would be divided into five phases and spread across 18 months? This means each phase will be about three to four months long.

    This is what Civilsdaily mentor and UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper Sajal sir would be discussing in the upcoming webinar. Backed by years of experience and ongoing research & analysis of the civil services exam, Sajal sir has developed a refined strategy which will he will be sharing to all the newcomers.

    Key-Takeaways of the Free Q&A Webinar with Sajal Sir

    1. The first phase – Studying the Core Subjects. How to read every topic in the syllabus from 2-3 sources in the first reading and prepare a 1-2 page notes? And in your second reading, stick to only one source while using your notes as reference.

    2. The second phase – Studying Mains Specific Subjects & Optional. How to follow the ritual of reading, writing summaries and answering topic-wise previous year questions?

    3. Discussing 2-3 Revision Strategies which you can follow. Why should you not go more than 20 days without revision?

    4. Live demonstration of making the perfect notes. How to not copy line-by-line of everything you read & only note down the 5 dimensions of a topic?

    5. Why is the third phase of preparation the shortest of all? What should you ideally do after completing the Prelims and Mains subjects?

    6. About the fourth phase. How to improve your accuracy 3 months before the Prelims exams?

    5. The last phase. What must be done 3 months before the Mains exams?

    6. Including statistics and relevant data. What are the subject-wise important committee reports you should read?

    7. Three readings per subject. How do you study during each revision phase?

    Sajal Sir will also hold a Q&A Session where beginners and veterans can clarify their doubts.

    Webinar Details

    If you want to get the nuances of UPSC-CSE preparation right in the first go, then this free webinar is for you! Just fill the form and let us know the question you want to ask Sajal sir in the one hour long session on Sunday.

    Date: 20 February 2022

    Time: 7 PM

  • Last 1 Hours Left, Register NOW || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    Last 1 Hours Left, Register NOW || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    UPSC-CSE 2021 results have shaken the long held belief that the examination can only be cleared after multiple attempts. Most of the UPSC-CSE toppers like Satyam Gandhi (AIR 10), Ria Dabi (AIR 15), Yash Jaluka (AIR 4), Mamta Yadav (AIR 5) and Shashwat Tripurari (AIR 19) cleared the exam as fresh graduates in their very first attempt. How were they able to do it?

    If you watch their strategy videos, you can find a common pattern — they started 12-24 months in advance before the exam.

    UPSC Toppers who Have Benefited From Sajal Sir’s Guidance

    AIR 14, UPSC 2020 Karishma Nair
    AIR 25, UPSC 2020 Vaibhav Rawat
    AIR 65, 2020 Pranay Vijayvergiya
    Rajiv Kumar IPS
    Kunal Aggarwal IRS

    Open to All Webinar by Civilsdaily Mentor Sajal Sir

    One of the benefits of starting your preparation early is the time you would get to revise and practice test series upon completing the syllabus. Also, you would get ample time to pay attention to every subject. There are totally 9 papers in UPSC-CSE Mains and 2 papers in Prelims exams. Not to forget, the daily current affairs. Many aspirants need time to figure out how they can prepare in an understandable manner. That’s why starting your preparation eight months before the exam is not advisable.

    However, what’s the best way to prepare, if you aren’t a fan of making mistakes and figuring it out along the way? We understand how annoying it might be for you if you were to study in a certain way for months together and then realize that it doesn’t align with the UPSC-CSE way of doing things.

    Do you know an ideal preparation would be divided into five phases and spread across 18 months? This means each phase will be about three to four months long.

    This is what Civilsdaily mentor and UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper Sajal sir would be discussing in the upcoming webinar. Backed by years of experience and ongoing research & analysis of the civil services exam, Sajal sir has developed a refined strategy which will he will be sharing to all the newcomers.

    Key-Takeaways of the Free Q&A Webinar with Sajal Sir

    1. The first phase – Studying the Core Subjects. How to read every topic in the syllabus from 2-3 sources in the first reading and prepare a 1-2 page notes? And in your second reading, stick to only one source while using your notes as reference.

    2. The second phase – Studying Mains Specific Subjects & Optional. How to follow the ritual of reading, writing summaries and answering topic-wise previous year questions?

    3. Discussing 2-3 Revision Strategies which you can follow. Why should you not go more than 20 days without revision?

    4. Live demonstration of making the perfect notes. How to not copy line-by-line of everything you read & only note down the 5 dimensions of a topic?

    5. Why is the third phase of preparation the shortest of all? What should you ideally do after completing the Prelims and Mains subjects?

    6. About the fourth phase. How to improve your accuracy 3 months before the Prelims exams?

    5. The last phase. What must be done 3 months before the Mains exams?

    6. Including statistics and relevant data. What are the subject-wise important committee reports you should read?

    7. Three readings per subject. How do you study during each revision phase?

    Sajal Sir will also hold a Q&A Session where beginners and veterans can clarify their doubts.

    Webinar Details

    If you want to get the nuances of UPSC-CSE preparation right in the first go, then this free webinar is for you! Just fill the form and let us know the question you want to ask Sajal sir in the one hour long session on Sunday.

    Date: 20 February 2022

    Time: 7 PM

  • Limited Slots Available, Register Now ! Last 4 Hours Left || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    Limited Slots Available, Register Now ! Last 4 Hours Left || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir

    UPSC-CSE 2021 results have shaken the long held belief that the examination can only be cleared after multiple attempts. Most of the UPSC-CSE toppers like Satyam Gandhi (AIR 10), Ria Dabi (AIR 15), Yash Jaluka (AIR 4), Mamta Yadav (AIR 5) and Shashwat Tripurari (AIR 19) cleared the exam as fresh graduates in their very first attempt. How were they able to do it?

    If you watch their strategy videos, you can find a common pattern — they started 12-24 months in advance before the exam.

    UPSC Toppers who Have Benefited From Sajal Sir’s Guidance

    AIR 14, UPSC 2020 Karishma Nair
    AIR 25, UPSC 2020 Vaibhav Rawat
    AIR 65, 2020 Pranay Vijayvergiya
    Rajiv Kumar IPS
    Kunal Aggarwal IRS

    Open to All Webinar by Civilsdaily Mentor Sajal Sir

    One of the benefits of starting your preparation early is the time you would get to revise and practice test series upon completing the syllabus. Also, you would get ample time to pay attention to every subject. There are totally 9 papers in UPSC-CSE Mains and 2 papers in Prelims exams. Not to forget, the daily current affairs. Many aspirants need time to figure out how they can prepare in an understandable manner. That’s why starting your preparation eight months before the exam is not advisable.

    However, what’s the best way to prepare, if you aren’t a fan of making mistakes and figuring it out along the way? We understand how annoying it might be for you if you were to study in a certain way for months together and then realize that it doesn’t align with the UPSC-CSE way of doing things.

    Do you know an ideal preparation would be divided into five phases and spread across 18 months? This means each phase will be about three to four months long.

    This is what Civilsdaily mentor and UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper Sajal sir would be discussing in the upcoming webinar. Backed by years of experience and ongoing research & analysis of the civil services exam, Sajal sir has developed a refined strategy which will he will be sharing to all the newcomers.

    Key-Takeaways of the Free Q&A Webinar with Sajal Sir

    1. The first phase – Studying the Core Subjects. How to read every topic in the syllabus from 2-3 sources in the first reading and prepare a 1-2 page notes? And in your second reading, stick to only one source while using your notes as reference.

    2. The second phase – Studying Mains Specific Subjects & Optional. How to follow the ritual of reading, writing summaries and answering topic-wise previous year questions?

    3. Discussing 2-3 Revision Strategies which you can follow. Why should you not go more than 20 days without revision?

    4. Live demonstration of making the perfect notes. How to not copy line-by-line of everything you read & only note down the 5 dimensions of a topic?

    5. Why is the third phase of preparation the shortest of all? What should you ideally do after completing the Prelims and Mains subjects?

    6. About the fourth phase. How to improve your accuracy 3 months before the Prelims exams?

    5. The last phase. What must be done 3 months before the Mains exams?

    6. Including statistics and relevant data. What are the subject-wise important committee reports you should read?

    7. Three readings per subject. How do you study during each revision phase?

    Sajal Sir will also hold a Q&A Session where beginners and veterans can clarify their doubts.

    Webinar Details

    If you want to get the nuances of UPSC-CSE preparation right in the first go, then this free webinar is for you! Just fill the form and let us know the question you want to ask Sajal sir in the one hour long session on Sunday.

    Date: 20 February 2022

    Time: 7 PM

  • Last Few Hours || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir|| Limited Slots Available, Register Now !

    Last Few Hours || Learn the secret of cracking UPSC in the very first attempt from UPSC mains topper || Free Live Webinar By UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper and Civilsdaily Academic Head Sajal Sir|| Limited Slots Available, Register Now !

    UPSC-CSE 2021 results have shaken the long held belief that the examination can only be cleared after multiple attempts. Most of the UPSC-CSE toppers like Satyam Gandhi (AIR 10), Ria Dabi (AIR 15), Yash Jaluka (AIR 4), Mamta Yadav (AIR 5) and Shashwat Tripurari (AIR 19) cleared the exam as fresh graduates in their very first attempt. How were they able to do it?

    If you watch their strategy videos, you can find a common pattern — they started 12-24 months in advance before the exam.

    UPSC Toppers who Have Benefited From Sajal Sir’s Guidance

    AIR 14, UPSC 2020 Karishma Nair
    AIR 25, UPSC 2020 Vaibhav Rawat
    AIR 65, 2020 Pranay Vijayvergiya
    Rajiv Kumar IPS
    Kunal Aggarwal IRS

    Open to All Webinar by Civilsdaily Mentor Sajal Sir

    One of the benefits of starting your preparation early is the time you would get to revise and practice test series upon completing the syllabus. Also, you would get ample time to pay attention to every subject. There are totally 9 papers in UPSC-CSE Mains and 2 papers in Prelims exams. Not to forget, the daily current affairs. Many aspirants need time to figure out how they can prepare in an understandable manner. That’s why starting your preparation eight months before the exam is not advisable.

    However, what’s the best way to prepare, if you aren’t a fan of making mistakes and figuring it out along the way? We understand how annoying it might be for you if you were to study in a certain way for months together and then realize that it doesn’t align with the UPSC-CSE way of doing things.

    Do you know an ideal preparation would be divided into five phases and spread across 18 months? This means each phase will be about three to four months long.

    This is what Civilsdaily mentor and UPSC 2017 GS Mains Topper Sajal sir would be discussing in the upcoming webinar. Backed by years of experience and ongoing research & analysis of the civil services exam, Sajal sir has developed a refined strategy which will he will be sharing to all the newcomers.

    Key-Takeaways of the Free Q&A Webinar with Sajal Sir

    1. The first phase – Studying the Core Subjects. How to read every topic in the syllabus from 2-3 sources in the first reading and prepare a 1-2 page notes? And in your second reading, stick to only one source while using your notes as reference.

    2. The second phase – Studying Mains Specific Subjects & Optional. How to follow the ritual of reading, writing summaries and answering topic-wise previous year questions?

    3. Discussing 2-3 Revision Strategies which you can follow. Why should you not go more than 20 days without revision?

    4. Live demonstration of making the perfect notes. How to not copy line-by-line of everything you read & only note down the 5 dimensions of a topic?

    5. Why is the third phase of preparation the shortest of all? What should you ideally do after completing the Prelims and Mains subjects?

    6. About the fourth phase. How to improve your accuracy 3 months before the Prelims exams?

    5. The last phase. What must be done 3 months before the Mains exams?

    6. Including statistics and relevant data. What are the subject-wise important committee reports you should read?

    7. Three readings per subject. How do you study during each revision phase?

    Sajal Sir will also hold a Q&A Session where beginners and veterans can clarify their doubts.

    Webinar Details

    If you want to get the nuances of UPSC-CSE preparation right in the first go, then this free webinar is for you! Just fill the form and let us know the question you want to ask Sajal sir in the one hour long session on Sunday.

    Date: 20 February 2022

    Time: 7 PM

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