💥UPSC 2026, 2027, 2028 UAP Mentorship (March Batch) + Access XFactor Notes & Microthemes PDF
Talk to mentor

Civilsdaily

Login

Search results for: “”

  • [Yojana Archive] Himalayan Floods

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

    October 2021

    Background

    • Over the last few decades, urbanization has led to a dramatic increase in the population living in the Himalayan Mountain belt.

    About the Himalayas

    • The Himalayas extend for about 2400 km from west to east with width varying between 200-400 km.
    • The two syntaxes of this mountain are drained by the rivers Indus (west) and the Brahmaputra (east).
    • The Ganga River system largely drains the central part of the Himalayas.

    Recent flood events

    1. 2010, floods of Leh
    2. 2013, Kedarnath floods
    3. 2021, Rishiganga floods

    The reports of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC-2019) indicate an overall increase in the frequency of high-intensity rainfall events in the Himalayas.

    What makes Himalayas more prone to disasters?

    • Rise in atmospheric temperature further increases the available atmospheric energy and total precipitation.
    • This in combination with mountain fragility and the growing urban centers is a perfect condition for disasters

    Himalayas & Flood

    The Himalayan Mountain belt, tectonically, is divisible into from north and south in the following zones

    1. Indus Suture Zone (ISZ) of Ladakh
    2. Tethyan Himalaya
    3. Higher Himalayan Crystalline zone
    4. Lesser Himalaya
    5. Outer Siwalik

    (1) Indus Suture Zone (ISZ) of Ladakh

    • The ISZ lies in the rain shadow zone of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM), where the scanty rainfall occurs mostly under the influence of westerlies.
    • The area is devoid of vegetation and due to extreme temperatures, physical weathering of rocks occurs that forms a thick debris mantle on hill slopes.
    • This debris mantle during excessive snow melting and rainstorm events, fail and block small and large streams that breach subsequently to create floods.

    (2) Tethyan Himalaya

    • This belt also behaves in a similar manner even though it lies at the northern fringe of ISM and receives a slightly higher amount of rainfall as compared to ISZ.

    (3) Higher Himalayan Crystalline zone

    • The higher Himalayan Crystalline zone receives full spectrum of ISM rainfall.
    • This zone is characterized by steep hill slopes and deep gorges with high gradient drainage systems.

    (4, 5) Lesser Himalaya and Outer Siwalik

    • The Lesser Himalaya and outer Siwalik Himalaya are gentler and also receive a high amount of ISM rainfall.

    Differential rainfall patterns

    • The headwaters of the rivers like Indus, the Ganga, and the rivers draining the central Himalayan ranges lie in rain deficient arid zones.
    • Here extreme rainfall events can potentially create glacial/moraine-dammed lake outbursts, and massive snowmelt, leading to a flood.
    • However, the headwater of the Brahmaputra, due to different orography and elevation receives less rainfall and downstream catchment receives higher rainfall.
    • These constraining characteristics between the two systems create floods that have discharges of different magnitude.

    Factors influencing

    In general, the large floods in the Himalayas are caused by:

    1. Climate change: Intense rainfall events, landslide dammed lake outbursts, glacial dammed Lake outbursts, cloud bursts
    2. Topography: The magnitude of flood is a function of overall geology, orography, catchment-wide distribution of lakes, landslide zone, and rainfall

    Example:

    • 2013 Kedarnath incident in the Garhwal Himalayas: Widespread rainfall in combination of a breach of a moraine-dammed lake in the Chaurabari glacial region was responsible.
    • Breach of Gohna Tal of Birahi Ganga in 1970: Landslide activity that generally occurs during monsoon or an earthquake may potentially dam small channels for a longer duration. These dams may breach and cause floods in the downstream regions.

    Causes of Floods in the Himalayas

    In general, the large floods in the Himalayas are caused by

    1. Intense rainfall events
    2. Landslide dammed lake outbursts (LLOFs)
    3. Glacial dammed Lake outbursts (GLOFs)
    4. Cloud bursts

    Flood Mapping

    Mapping of floods has four elements:

    1. Vertical rise in river level
    2. Rate of rising of flood
    3. Flow velocity
    4. Lateral inundation of flood plains
    • Flood mapping is normally done at river gauging stations which are equipped with state-of-the-art Internet of Things (IoT) and radars.
    • Radars can help in tacking the locations of intense rainfalls and the temporal evolution of the storm.
    • The lateral extent of flood inundation can be mapped using satellite images and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data.
    • The flood velocities are generally measured using current meters, acoustic Doppler current profilers, tracers, and floaters.
    • Sediment load of floodwaters can be measured by sediment monitoring gauges or sensors equipped with Laser In-Situ Scattering or by physically sampling during the time of the flood.

    Reducing Flood Vulnerability in the Himalayas

    • Proper understanding of the orography of the Himalayas, past flood events and the damage patterns can help in preparing the damage predictive models of the Himalayas.
    • The foremost way towards this is monitoring at various levels.
    • Landslide and glacial lake monitoring systems should be in place and be linked to flood management centres via IoT.
    •  The combination of data on flood levels, flood hydrographs, and lateral inundation can be used to manage the floods and minimise the destruction.
    • The inundation maps combined with maps of social infrastructure, should be analysed on GIS platforms and AI using long time series of datasets.
    • It will provide predictive models of flood events and damage patterns.

  • Issues with ordinance that extend the tenure of the Director of the CBI

    Context

    The Central government’s decision to give a five-year tenure to heads of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and the Enforcement Directorate (ED) has drawn a lot of flak.

    Background

    • Apex court’s directive giving a mandatory two-year tenure to the Director of the CBI was a fallout of the Hawala scandal.
    • Prior to that, the government was arbitrary and capricious in choosing the Director.
    • It was not rare to see temporary appointments given to favour some individuals.
    • Seniority was often ignored in appointments and Directors were removed frequently.

    Why tenure matters

    • Short tenure: A two-year tenure for a CBI head is too short for any officer to make an impact on the organisation.
    • Longer provides the much-needed continuity that a Director needs in an outfit charged with the task of conducting highly sensitive investigations, which sometimes impinge on the longevity and stability of a democratically elected government.
    • The Federal Bureau of Investigation chief in the U.S. gets a 10-year term.

    Suggestions

    • Need to avoid government interference: Any blatantly dishonest interference in the working of the organisation is bound to raise the hackles of those who believe in and carry out straightforward investigations.
    • The government will therefore have to show enormous restraint in its interactions with the head of the CBI.
    • Balancing accountability with autonomy: Of course, as a measure of accountability, the Director will have to keep the government informed of all major administrative decisions.
    • He or she should inform the executive but not take orders from it.
    • Need for CBI Act: Successive chiefs have suggested the drafting of a CBI Act to ensure that the organisation is not dependent on the State governments, many of which have withdrawn consent for the CBI to function in that State.
    • Eight States — West Bengal, Maharashtra, Kerala, Punjab, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Mizoram — have withdrawn the general consent.
    • The CBI should be made to derive its authority for launching investigations from its own statute instead of depending on the Criminal Procedure Code, which makes the CBI a police organisation.

    Issue with ordinance

    • The only problem with the latest ordinance is that, at the end of the mandatory two-year tenure, the government will have to issue orders granting one-year extensions at a time. 
    • The rule about three annual extensions can be misused by a tendentious government.
    • It may be construed as a reward for ‘good behaviour’, which is a euphemism for an obliging Director.

    Consider the question “What are the challenges facing Central Bureau of Investigation? Suggest the measures to make the organisation more effective.” 

    Conclusion

    We will have to wait for a few years to gauge the impact of the change in tenure rules. It is preposterous to probe the intentions of this major move.

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

    Back2Basics: General Consent

    • A “general consent” is normally given by states to help the CBI in seamless investigation of cases of corruption against central government employees in their states.
    • Almost all states have traditionally given such consent, in the absence of which the CBI would have to apply to the state government in every case, and before taking even small actions.
    • Section 6 of The DSPE Act (“Consent of State Government to exercise of powers and jurisdiction”) says: “Nothing contained in section 5 (“Extension of powers and jurisdiction of special police establishment to other areas”) shall be deemed to enable any member of the Delhi Special Police Establishment to exercise powers and jurisdiction in any area in a State, not being a Union territory or railway area, without the consent of the Government of that State.”

  • Kabul, Kashmir and the return of realpolitik

    Context

    In a rather unfriendly neighbourhood, New Delhi’s attempts at forming a regional consensus to stabilise Afghanistan, albeit wise and timely, will only achieve limited success thanks to the China-Pakistan coalition and its interests at play in and over Afghanistan.

    Role played by China and Pakistan in Afghanistan and its implications for India

    • China’s long-term vision for Afghanistan revolves around the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) project of which Afghanistan has been a part since May 2016.
    • The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is also viewed as a key component within the larger Chinese BRI project and Afghanistan could eventually become part of CPEC if and when the Taliban regime stabilises itself in the country.
    • Role of Pakistan in keeping India away from Afghanistan: While Pakistan lobbies the international community to help prevent Afghanistan slide into further turmoil, it is determined to keep India as far away from Kabul as possible.
    • Pakistan has always been deeply suspicious of growing India-Afghanistan relations no matter who was/is in charge in Kabul.
    • Implications for India: It is likely that the more India gets close to the Taliban, the more the Pakistani side will increase the ‘attacks’ in Jammu and Kashmir.
    • By maintaining ties with the Taliban and convening the regional security meeting in New Delhi, India has indicated that this is an acceptable risk.
    • Regional Security Dialogue: The recently-held Delhi Regional Security Dialogue on Afghanistan was an important initiative to help Afghanistan stabilise, the reality is that the two countries that are key to stabilising Afghanistan — China and Pakistan — decided to stay away from it.
    • Scope for other powers: Russia or the Central Asian states have neither the ability nor the desire to pursue a role in Afghanistan autonomous from the larger Chinese or Pakistani designs there.

    The dilemma facing the international community

    • Taliban and Pakistan refer to the U.S.-led coalition as ‘colonisers’ who just vacated the Afghan territory; and in the same breath, they seek assistance from those very ‘former colonisers’.
    • But perhaps what might bother the West the most is that if they stabilise the country, they would still be called former colonisers, and Pakistan and China will benefit out of it geopolitically, making it, in that sense, a thankless job for the West.
    • So the question before the western leaders is how to offer structured incentives to the Taliban, and when.

    The dilemma facing India

    • To engage the Taliban or not: The first one was to decide whether to engage the Taliban or not.
    • The successive governments in Afghanistan, including the current Taliban regime, have sought relations with India which has upset Pakistan.
    • The Taliban want India to engage and help the country stabilise, but Pakistan resents that.
    • Catch-22 situation for India: If the Taliban regime is stabilised in Kabul without India’s assistance to the country, the more it is likely to do Pakistan’s bidding vis-à-vis India.
    • On the other hand, the more India helps the Taliban-led Afghanistan, the more Pakistan will up the ante in Kashmir.
    • This is a catch-22 situation that India finds itself in.
    • And yet, India has little choice but to engage the Taliban.

    How Taliban victory led to change in Pakistan’s Kashmir policy

    • The earlier Pakistani willingness to be conciliatory towards India on Kashmir before and in the run-up to the Taliban takeover of Kabul in August 2021 seems to have disappeared for now.
    • This is at least partly due to the Pakistani triumphalism about the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan.
    • Since then, violence data show that the backchannel understanding is withering away with violence in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) spiking along all three indicators albeit gradually.
    • Sentiments from across the border also indicate that the earlier Pakistani stand that it would accept the Indian decision to withdraw the special status to Kashmir in lieu of New Delhi restoring Statehood to Kashmir and allowing political activity in the State has now change.
    • It now demands that India fully reverts to the pre-August 5, 2019 position on Kashmir.

    Way forward

    • No possibility of cooperation with China and Pak: Any possibility of India-Pakistan cooperation in Afghanistan would be very hard to achieve.
    • Beijing will play along; so will Iran and the Central Asian countries, for the most part.
    • Coordinate with other powers: For India, the options are to coordinate its Afghan policy with Moscow, Washington and the various western capitals while steadfastly engaging the Taliban.

    Consider the question “Return of Taliban in Afghanistan and consequential geopolitical changes in the region are bound to have implications for India-Pakistan relation. Comment.” 

    Conclusion

    India’s advances to court the Taliban and attempts to evolve a regional consensus on Afghanistan might deteriorate India-Pakistan relations and pose challenges for India in Kashmir.

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Don’t miss out these 7 steps if you want to Score Extra Marks in Prelims 2022|| Free Webinar by Santosh Gupta Sir who Cleared Prelims 6/6 Times|| Answer More Questions With Less Negative Marking|| Limited Slots Open, Register Now

    Don’t miss out these 7 steps if you want to Score Extra Marks in Prelims 2022|| Free Webinar by Santosh Gupta Sir who Cleared Prelims 6/6 Times|| Answer More Questions With Less Negative Marking|| Limited Slots Open, Register Now

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTosH GUPTA SIR

    Let’s admit this — As much as we have heard our seniors, mentors and toppers advise us to answer fewer questions in Prelims exams due to negative marking, do we want to follow it? All of us wish to answer as many questions as possible correctly. However, post 2014 questions have started getting tougher so much that now –

    “Prelims is no longer about selecting the right option. It’s searching for the correct option by eliminating the incorrect ones.”

    Let’s take a sample question from Prelims 2021 Paper —

    Constitutional government means

    1. a representative government of a nation with federal structure
    2. a government whose Head enjoys nominal powers
    3. a government whose Head enjoys real powers
    4. a government limited by the terms of the Constitution

    An average aspirant gets confused between 2-3 options. Option a), b) and d) look equally correct but you have to select only one. The right answer is option d). How can you find out what was the missing criteria in option a) and b) which option d) fulfilled to emerge as the right answer?

    Attend the free webinar by Santhosh sir to get the answer.

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTHOSH GUPTA SIR

    Key Takeaways of Santosh Gupta Sir’s Free Prelims Orientation Webinar

    1. Complete Analysis of the 2021 Prelims Paper. How to change your preparation methods right now?

    2. The 7 Steps of Tackling Prelims 2022. How to maximize revision and minimize study materials?

    3. Significance of Current Affairs. Is it really declining in Prelims?

    4. Important Topics to Cover for Prelims 2022 for every subject. What are the correct study materials for these topics?

    5. Time-Tested Elimination Techniques. How to use these techniques in sample questions?

    Webinar Details

    Prelims question papers have become more or less like a game of Sudoko. Except, in Sudoko you can solve the puzzle at your leisure and over here you are limited by 2 hours. We hope this webinar will help all 2022 aspirants implement the suggestions of Santosh Gupta Sir.

    Date: 18 November 2021 (Thursday)

    Time: 7 P.M

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTosH GUPTA SIR

    About Santosh Gupta Sir

    Santosh sir has scored above 140 twice in UPSC prelims and 120 plus in all 6 attempts. He has written all 6 mains and has appeared for Interviews 3 times. He has qualified UPSC EPFO and BPSC 56-59th also. As the Prelims coordinator at Civilsdaily, he has helped 15 out of 25 students clear the prelims examination this year.

  • India needs a coordinated approach for decarbonisation of economy

    Context

    The announcement of enhanced targets for climate action by India, particularly for achieving net-zero emissions by 2070, has highlighted the importance of long-term planning for decarbonising the economy.

    Why do we need a decarbonizing strategy

    • The Government of India has responded to rapid reductions in the cost of renewable energy (RE) based power, with dramatic enhancements in the targets for RE.
    • With this approach, India has done well and is on a path to fulfilling its Paris Agreement commitments for 2030.
    • However, the road ahead will be challenging, and therefore, a coordinated strategy for decarbonising the economy efficiently and effectively will be required.

    Strategy for decarbonising the economy

    • Factoring in the changes: By 2070, there will be many changes in technology, environmental conditions, and the economy.
    • The planning horizon of about 50 years will need to be broken up into shorter periods so that new knowledge about emerging technologies can be incorporated into plans.
    • Monitoring of the progress: Plans will need to be monitored so that the course can be corrected to respond to any unforeseen problems.
    • Five years, as the UK has used, seems like a reasonable “Goldilocks ideal.”
    • An autonomous and technically credible agency, like the Climate Change Committee (CCC) in the UK, should be set up.

    Decarbonising the power sector

    • Biggest source of GHG: The power sector is the biggest source of GHG emissions and also the easiest one to decarbonise.
    • Reducing emission intensity is a good overarching objective; increased use of RE or non-fossil-fuel generation is a means to that end.
    • The four 2030 targets: Non-fossil fuel generating capacity to be 500 GW, RE capacity to be 50 per cent of all generation capacity, reduction in emission intensity by 45 per cent, and avoidance of GHG emissions by 1 billion tonnes — are inter-related.

    Suggestions to decarbonise the power sector

    • Set emission intensity targets: Setting permissible emission intensity in terms of grammes of carbon dioxide equivalent per kWh of electricity sold, would be a good option for targets in the power sector.
    • Single emission-related objective: In order to decarbonise the power sector, it would be best to have a single emissions-related objective so that an optimal strategy can be developed to achieve the objective at the lowest cost.
    • Avoid separate targets: Currently there is a profusion of separate targets for almost every resource used to generate electricity.
    • For example, there are separate renewable purchase obligations (RPOs) for solar, non-solar RE, and hydropower.
    • Such an approach reduces the flexibility of distribution companies to select resources to meet their loads, resulting in a non-optimal resource mix, and a higher cost of electricity.
    • Reconsider RPO: RPOs are usually imposed to support nascent technologies, and because RE is now competitive on costs with conventional generation, the need for RPOs should be reconsidered.
    • The use of emission intensity targets is a better approach.

    Consider the question “Why power sector holds the key to decarbonising the Indian economy? Suggest the strategy India should follow to decarbonise the power sector.”

    Conclusion

    The use of five-year interim targets for permissible emission intensity and the establishment of an autonomous and credible agency to advise the government on targets and policies and to monitor progress will greatly facilitate an effective, economic, and smooth transition to decarbonisation of the power sector first, and the Indian economy later by 2070.

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Preparing with a Serious Time Crunch? || Want to follow a 360° Comprehensive Study Plan?|| Register for Samanvaya Free 1-on-1 Counselling Now

    Preparing with a Serious Time Crunch? || Want to follow a 360° Comprehensive Study Plan?|| Register for Samanvaya Free 1-on-1 Counselling Now

    They say, when the going gets tough, the tough gets going. For UPSC aspirants, there is a small tweak. When your preparation gets tough we’ll be there for you.

    REGISTER HERE TO SCHEDULE A FREE MENTORSHIP SESSION

    How Successful has Civilsdaily been in Mentoring Aspirants?

    In UPSC 2020, Civilsdaily helped 80+ students secure ranks in their exams. In the top 100, every 3rd ranker was a Civilsdaily student. To know how all of them cleared the exam with our mentorship, visit the Unherd Podcast.

    Now that results are announced for UPSC 2021 Prelims, out of 15 out of 25 students of Santhosh Gupta sir have been recommended to Mains. One such student, Rahul expresses his gratitude and extends his appreciation —

    Most of our Mentors like Sudhanshu sir, Sajal sir, Santhosh sir, Pravin sir, Parth Verma sir and Sukanya Ma’am were UPSC aspirants themselves and have attended UPSC Mains more than five times and UPSC Interview more than twice. Hence their mentorship is always a blend of the best test series, comprehensive notes and current affairs knowledge.

    REGISTER HERE TO SCHEDULE A FREE MENTORSHIP SESSION

    All of them dedicate their time weekly to give 1-on-1 mentorship to every student where they discuss last week’s performance and next week’s approach.

    Remember there is always light at the end of the tunnel and if you want to get out of the tunnel you have to follow the direction of the light! Our mentors’ give you direction which is divided into daily modules. All you have to do is study and complete them on time.

    See the source image

    As every year passes by, we don’t get confident by the previous years’ performance and become laidback. Instead, we become more hungry to convert all our students into toppers.

    Why Do You Require Mentorship?

    Preparing for the UPSC exam is a race against time. You have to complete an answer within 8 minutes, complete Prelims mock test within 2 hours and most importantly complete the syllabus in a span of 8 months. The syllabus is so vast that most students feel overwhelmed within just a few weeks of starting their preparation. 

    We confirmed this last month, in our Samanvaya Mentorship program by counselling over 3500 students. The 2 biggest problems students said they face while preparing for this exam are:

    1. Syllabus Management
    2. Time Management

     As an aspirant, you can either spend a lot of time and effort trying to figure out how to cope with your syllabus and manage time or you can simply speak with our mentors and get the right study plan and timetable custom-made for you!

    REGISTER HERE TO SCHEDULE A FREE MENTORSHIP SESSION

    Every aspirant needs a different strategy than the other. One might be struggling in prelims, other in mains. One might find history a piece of cake and geography a tough nut to crack and for the other it will be vice-versa. For an aspirant preparing full-time, they might get demotivated on a regular basis as they have no Plan B to fall back on. A working professional might be too exhausted to study by the end of the day. There is no one-size fits all solution.

    That’s why you need to register for Samanvaya free 1-on-1 counselling session to understand what study plan and study materials work best for you! Samanvaya 1-on-1 Free mentorship will help you stick to one approach of studying rather than switching plans through trial and error.

    Still you want a general idea how to manage time and your syllabus? Here’s what you can do!

    1. Syllabus Management—
      • Go through the entire syllabus thoroughly.
      • Mark the topics you feel comfortable with and those you aren’t familiar with.
      • Break down the syllabus into small parts and prioritize them in order.
      • Gather the relevant study material for the syllabus and start studying them in order.
      • Figure out where you need guidance – Is it with the subject matter? Do you need help with organizing your syllabus? Or you just aren’t sure how to begin?
    2. . Time Management—
      • Prioritize your study material
      • Complete the easier topics first.
      • Allocate at least one hour to answer-writing
      • Allocate at least one hour to MCQ practice
      • Make notes on Current Affairs while reading the newspaper
      • Allocate at least 2 hours for your optional.

    A Popular Time Management Technique—

    The Pomodoro Technique is followed by toppers like Srusti Jayant Deshmukh (UPSC 2019 AIR 5), Manoj Madhav S (UPSC 2019 AIR 105) and Namita Sharma (UPSC 2018, AIR 108)

    Developed by consultant Francesco Cirillo, the Pomodoro Technique is a time management tool that breaks work into 25-minute sessions to help you stay focused and get more done.

    Step
    1    		Choose a task
    Step
    2    		Set a timer for 25 minutes
    Step 3Work on the task until the timer goes off
    Step 4Once the timer goes off. Check off the item on a piece of paper
    Step
    5    		Take a short break
    Step
    6    		Every four Pomodoros, take a longer break

    How is Samanvaya 1-on-1 Guidance Program Structured?

    Our guidance program is designed as solutions to your challenges. We speak with students personally and understand their concerns on a one-on-one basis. Our mentors spend time understanding the individual requirements of our students and teach students how to break down the syllabus and create a plan they can stick to. Our mentors don’t advise you with run of the mill stories, they help in scripting your story!

    We will discuss the important ways in which you can crack this exam through the following methods:

    Personalized study plan – Make a list of the tasks that you need to accomplish that day, and note in upcoming meetings or deadlines as you become aware of them. As you complete your list, make sure to tick off the tasks you have completed.

    3. Tracking your progress – The key to time management success is to know your deadlines and set reminders. We suggest setting a reminder 15 minutes before a meeting or event so you can prepare and gather your things.

    4. Investing in topics with good ROI – First and foremost, turn off your email notification. Set 30-minute blocks to check your email every couple hours instead of checking it every 15 minutes. Make sure you minimize non-work distractions such as your cell phone, social media, or your favorite online store.

    5. Focusing on smart study – On your daily list of things to do, pen in how much time you think each task will take you. If you don’t finish, stop when the time you allotted ends, and come back to it later. Sometimes moving on to different responsibilities and then coming back gives your mind a fresh start and a new perspective.

    So, get all your UPSC demands addressed by a seasoned mentor, get one point source study materials, have regular engagement via calls and WhatsApp, adapt to course-correction strategies and follow a syllabus completion-cum-revision plan every month.

    REGISTER HERE TO SCHEDULE A FREE MENTORSHIP SESSION

  • 17th November 2021| Daily Answer Writing Enhancement(AWE)

    Topics for Today’s questions:

    GS-1     Role of Women and Women’s Organization

    GS-2    Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.

    GS-3    Science and Technology- Developments and their Applications and Effects in Everyday Life.

    GS-4    Public/Civil Service Values and Ethics in Public Administration: Status and Problems; Ethical Concerns and Dilemmas in Government and Private Institutions

    Questions:

    Question 1)

     

    Q.1 Discuss the various economic and socio-cultural forces that are driving increasing feminization of agriculture in India. (10 Marks)

     

    Question 2)

    Q.2 The rise of pan-Turkism is bound to have important consequences for Afghanistan, the Caucasus, Central Asia and, more broadly, India’s Eurasian neighbourhood. That is a good reason for India to explore a more purposeful engagement with Turkey. Comment. (10 Marks)

    Question 3)

    Q.3 Several central banks have been toying with the idea of central bank digital currency (CBDC) while some have already introduced it. What are the key area of priorities which will be benefited by CBDC? What are the challenges CBDC faces in addressing the issues? (10 Marks)

    Question 4)  

    Q.4 What is red-tapism? Why is it considered a hurdle in the process of transitioning towards citizen centric governance? (10 Marks)

     

    HOW TO ATTEMPT ANSWERS IN DAILY ANSWER WRITING ENHANCEMENT(AWE)?

    1. Daily 4 questions from General studies 1, 2, 3, and 4 will be provided to you.

    2. A Mentor’s Comment will be available for all answers. This can be used as a guidance tool but we encourage you to write original answers.

    3. You can write your answer on an A4 sheet and scan/click pictures of the same.

    4.  Upload the scanned answer in the comment section of the same question.

    5. Along with the scanned answer, please share your Razor payment ID, so that paid members are given priority.

    6. If you upload the answer on the same day like the answer of 11th  October is uploaded on 11th October then your answer will be checked within 72 hours. Also, reviews will be in the order of submission- First come first serve basis

    7. If you are writing answers late, for example, 11th October is uploaded on 13th October, then these answers will be evaluated as per the mentor’s schedule.

    8. We encourage you to write answers on the same day. However, if you are uploading an answer late then tag the mentor like @Staff so that the mentor is notified about your answer.

    *In case your answer is not reviewed, reply to your answer saying *NOT CHECKED*. 

    For the philosophy of AWE and payment: 

    CLICK HERE To join Daily AWE

  • Q.4 What is red-tapism? Why is it considered a hurdle in the process of transitioning towards citizen centric governance? (10 Marks)

    Mentor’s Comments-

    • Introduce the answer with the meaning of red-tapism.
    • Explain why it is considered a hurdle towards citizen centric governance.
    • Conclude the answer appropriately.

  • Q.3 Several central banks have been toying with the idea of central bank digital currency (CBDC) while some have already introduced it. What are the key area of priorities which will be benefited by CBDC? What are the challenges CBDC faces in addressing the issues? (10 Marks)

    Mentor’s comment-
    • https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-path-to-a-digital-rupee-7624607/
    • In the intro, mention Nigeria joining the list of countries that introduced CBDC.
    • In the body mention the areas in which it can help especially in developing economies-  to make domestic payments systems and cross-border remittances cheaper, faster and more efficient, and deepen financial inclusion. In challenges mention matching domestic priorities and design features, challenges posed by interest-bearing CBDC such as maintaining larger balance sheets etc.
    • Conclude by mentioning the need to balance the benefits with the risks in the introduction of CBDCs.

  • Q.2 The rise of pan-Turkism is bound to have important consequences for Afghanistan, the Caucasus, Central Asia and, more broadly, India’s Eurasian neighbourhood. That is a good reason for India to explore a more purposeful engagement with Turkey. Comment. (10 Marks)

    Mentor’s comment-
    • https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indias-political-divergence-turkism-internationalism-7624600/
    • In the intro, mention that Turkey has been using regionalism and internationalism for furthering its national interests.
    • In the body, mention Turkey growing significance in the region whether in projecting military power, economic power, projection of soft power through regional initiatives and its ambition for the leadership of the Islamic world. In the next part, mention the difference between India and Turkey on the issues of Kashmir, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Also mention the need for sustained dialogue between the two countries.
    • Conclude by mentioning that hard-headed approach in Delhi might open new possibilities with Ankara and in Turkey’s Eurasian periphery.

  • Q.1 Discuss the various economic and socio-cultural forces that are driving increasing feminization of agriculture in India. (10 Marks)

    Mentor’s Comments-

    • In the introduction, mention some data about increasing feminization of agriculture in India.
    • In the body, first discuss the economic factors like poverty, gender wage differentials, rural to urban migration etc
    • Also mention some socio-cultural factors like feminization of old age, cultural acceptance, irresponsible behaviour of some male population etc
    • Write a brief way forward.
    • Conclude by taking a balanced view of the issue.

  • Back in news: Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)

    The Centre has told the Supreme Court that the CBI was an “autonomous body” and it had no “control” over the investigative agency.

    Background

    • The submission in the top court comes two days after the promulgation of an ordinance extending the tenures of the CBI Director and the Enforcement Directorate chief.
    • Attorney-General K was objecting to a suit filed by the West Bengal Government over the use of CBI.

    West Bengal vs. CBI

    • West Bengal has challenged the CBI’s jurisdiction to register FIRs and conduct investigations in the State in some cases.
    • The State had withdrawn its “general consent” to the CBI way back in 2018.

    About CBI

    • The Bureau of Investigation traces its origins to the Delhi Special Police Establishment, a Central Government Police force, which was set up in 1941 by the Government of India.
    • It then aimed to investigate bribery and corruption in transactions with the War and Supply Department of India.
    • It then had its headquarters in Lahore.
    • After the end of the war, there was a continued need for a central governmental agency to investigate bribery and corruption by central-government employees.
    • The DSPE acquired its popular current name, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), through a Home Ministry resolution dated in 1963.

    Mandate of the CBI

    • The CBI is the main investigating agency of the GoI.
    • It is not a statutory body; it derives its powers from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.
    • Its important role is to prevent corruption and maintain integrity in administration.
    • It works under the supervision of the CVC (Central Vigilance Commission) in matters pertaining to the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
    • The CBI is also India’s official representative with the INTERPOL.

    Cases to investigate

    • Cases connected to infringement of economic and fiscal laws
    • Crimes of a serious nature that have national and international ramifications
    • Coordination with the activities of the various state police forces and anti-corruption agencies.
    • It can also take up any case of public importance and investigate it
    • Maintaining crime statistics and disseminating criminal information.

    Issues with CBI

    • Caged parrot: The Supreme Court has criticised the CBI by calling it a “caged parrot speaking in its master’s voice”.
    • Political interference: It has often been used by the government of the day to cover up wrongdoing, keep coalition allies in line and political opponents at bay.
    • Investigation delay: It has been accused of enormous delays in concluding investigations due to political inertia.
    • Loss of Credibility: CBI has been criticised for its mismanagement of several cases involving prominent politicians and mishandling of several sensitive cases like Bofors scandal, Bhopal gas tragedy.
    • Lack of Accountability: CBI is exempted from the provisions of the Right to Information Act, thus, lacking public accountability.
    • Acute shortage of personnel: A major cause of the shortfall is the government’s sheer mismanagement of CBI’s workforce.
    • Limited Powers: The powers and jurisdiction of members of the CBI for investigation are subject to the consent of the State Govt., thus limiting the extent of investigation by CBI.
    • Restricted Access: Prior approval of Central Government to conduct inquiry or investigation on the employees of the Central Government is a big obstacle in combating corruption at higher levels of bureaucracy.

    Way Forward

    • Need for autonomy:   As long as the government of the day has the power to transfer and post officials of its choice in the CBI, the investigating agency will not enjoy autonomy and will be unable to investigate cases freely.
    • A new CBI Act should be promulgated that ensures the autonomy of CBI while at the same time improving the quality of supervision.
    • Selection of director/ Officers: To ensure that the CBI is a robust, independent and credible investigation agency, there is an urgent need to work out a much more transparent mechanism for selection and induction of officers on deputation.
    • Lokpal scrutiny: The Lokpal Act already calls for a three-member committee made up of the PM, the leader of the opposition and the CJI to select the director.
    • Bifurcation of Cadre: CBI should be bifurcated into an Anti-Corruption Body and a National Crime Bureau.
    • Develop own cadre: One of the demands that have been before Supreme Court, and in line with international best practices, is for the CBI to develop its own dedicated cadre of officers.
    • Annual social audit should be carried out by ten reputed, knowledgeable persons with background of law, justice, public affairs and administration and the audit report should be placed before the parliament.

     

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Duare Ration Scheme in West Bengal

    West Bengal CM has launched an ambitious “Duare Ration” Scheme.

    Duare Ration Scheme

    • The Scheme aims for providing food grains under the public distribution system (PDS) at the doorstep for the entire population of the State.
    • It aims to unload the person carrying huge chunk of food grains manually.
    • Vehicles will carry ration in a particular street or lane and employees of ration dealers will make the food grains available to the people near their residence.

    Key arrangements

    • The state govt would provide around 21,000 ration dealers with the financial assistance of ₹1 lakh each to purchase vehicles for delivering ration to people in this manner.
    • It also announced financial assistance to ration dealers to hire additional staff to make the scheme a success.

    Back2Basics: Public Distribution System

    • The PDS is an Indian food Security System established under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution.
    • PDS evolved as a system of management of scarcity through the distribution of food grains at affordable prices.
    • PDS is operated under the joint responsibility of the Central and State Governments.
    • The Central Government, through the Food Corporation of India (FCI), has assumed the responsibility for procurement, storage, transportation, and bulk allocation of food grains to the State Governments.
    • The operational responsibilities including allocation within the State, identification of eligible families, issue of Ration Cards and supervision of the functioning of Fair Price Shops (FPSs) etc., rest with the State Governments.
    • Under the PDS, presently the commodities namely wheat, rice, sugar and kerosene are being allocated to the States/UTs for distribution. Some States/UTs also distribute additional items of mass consumption through the PDS outlets such as pulses, edible oils, iodized salt, spices, etc.

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Taproot upgrade in Bitcoins

    Bitcoin went through a major upgrade that enables its blockchain to execute more complex transactions, potentially widening the virtual currency’s use cases and making it a little more competitive with Ethereum for processing smart contracts.

    What is the new upgrade?

    • The enhancement, called Taproot, is the most significant change to the bitcoin protocol since the SegWit (Segregated Witness) block capacity change in 2017.
    • SegWit effectively increased the number of transactions that could fit into a block by pulling data on signatures from bitcoin transactions.
    • Smart contracts are self-executing transactions whose results depend on pre-programmed inputs.

    What is Taproot?

    • The Taproot upgrade consists of three separate upgrade proposals.
    • However, at its core, the upgrade introduces a new digital signature scheme called “Schnorr” that will help bitcoin transactions become more efficient and more private.
    • Schnorr can also be leveraged to let bitcoin users execute more complex smart contracts.

    When was Taproot officially activated?

    • Taproot was officially activated on block 709,632.
    • Blockchains settle transactions in batches or blocks.
    • Each block can contain only a certain number of transactions.

    What is its impact on Bitcoin?

    • The biggest impact would be the bitcoin network’s ability to process more smart contracts, similar to what Ethereum does.
    • Bitcoin has historically been much more limited in processing smart contracts compared with Ethereum.
    • Taproot increases privacy by obscuring what type of transaction is being executed.

    What are the other enhancements?

    • The Schnorr signatures can make more complex transactions on the bitcoin protocol, such as those from wallets that require multiple signatures, look like just any other transaction.
    • This makes transactions more private and more secure.
    • Bitcoin transactions will also become more data-efficient, optimizing block capacity and leading to lower transaction fees.

    What does Taproot mean for investors?

    • Large-scale upgrades have paved the way for the next phase of innovation in the bitcoin network.
    • The last major upgrade in 2017 helped launch the Lightning Network, which facilitated much faster and cheaper bitcoin payments than before.
    • Taproot to lead to a similar wave of innovation in bitcoin centered around smart contracts.

    Also read:

    Cryptocurrency

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Pochampally makes it to list of best tourism villages in the world

    Pochampally village in Telangana is set to be named as one of the best Tourism Villages by the United Nations World Tourism Organisation.

    Best Tourism Villages Initiative

    • The Best Tourism Villages by UNWTO Pilot initiative aims to award those villages which are outstanding examples of rural destinations and showcase good practices in line with its specified nine evaluation areas.
    • It also aims to support villages to enhance their rural tourism potential through training and access to opportunities for improvement.

    Key objectives

    • Reduce regional inequalities in income and development
    • Fight rural depopulation
    • Progress gender equality and women’s and youth empowerment
    • Enhance education and skills development

    About Pochampally

    • Pochampally, 50 Kms from Hyderabad, is a town in Nalgonda district of Telangana.
    • It is often referred to as the Silk City of India for the exquisite sarees that are woven through a unique style called Ikat.
    • It is also known as Bhoodan Pochampally to commemorate the Bhoodan Movement that was launched by Acharya Vinobha Bhave from this village on April 18th, 1951.
    • Currently, a two-room Vinobha Bhave Mandir exists within the village which was earlier the place where Vinobha Bhave resided during his visit to the village.

    What is Pochampally Ikat?

    • Ikat is a Malaysian, Indonesian word that means “Tie and Dye”.
    • For this style, Pochampally Ikat, received a Geographical Indicator (GI Status) in 2004.
    • Ikat involves the process of wrapping (or tying) and dyeing sections of bundled yarn to a predetermined colour pattern before they are woven.
    • The dye penetrates into exposed sections while the wrapped section remains undyed.
    • This pattern formed by the yarn in this process is woven into fabric.

    Back2Basics: Bhoodan Movement

    • The Bhoodan movement (Land Gift movement), also known as the Bloodless Revolution, was a voluntary land reform movement.
    • It was initiated by Vinoba Bhave, a staunch Gandhian in 1951 at Pochampally village, which is now in Telangana, and known as Bhoodan Pochampally.
    • The movement attempted to persuade wealthy landowners to voluntarily give a percentage of their land to landless people.
    • Philosophically, Bhave was influenced by Mahatma Gandhi’s Sarvodaya movement and Gram Swarajya.
    • Landless laborers were given small plots that they could settle and grow their crops on.
    • Bhoodan Acts were passed that stated that the beneficiary had no right to sell the land or use it for non-agricultural purposes or for forestry.

     

    Try this PYQ:

    Q. With reference to land reforms in independent India, which one of the following statements is correct?

    (a) The ceiling laws were aimed at family holdings and not individual holdings

    (b) The major aim of land reforms was providing agricultural land to all the landless

    (c) It resulted in cultivation of cash crops as a predominant form of cultivation

    (d) Land reforms permitted no exemptions to the ceiling limits

     

    Post your answers here.

     

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • [pib] Digital India Land Record Modernization Program

    Union Minister for Rural Development and Panchayati Raj has recently held a workshop on Digital India Land Record Modernization Programme (DILRMP).

    About DILRMP

    • The DILRMP was previously known as the National Land Record Modernization Programme (NLRMP).
    • It was launched in 2008 with the purpose to digitize and modernizing land records and developing a centralized land record management system.
    • The DILRMP is the amalgamation of two projects:
    1. Computerization of Land Records (CLR)
    2. Strengthening of Revenue Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA & ULR)
    • The district will be taken as the unit of implementation, where all activities under the programme will converge.

    Components of DILRMP

    The DILRMP has 3 major components

    1. Computerization of land record
    2. Survey/re-survey
    3. Computerization of Registration

    Key features: Unique Land Parcel Identification Numbers

    • It is just like the Aadhar Number of land parcels.
    • A unique ID based on Geo-coordinates of the parcels is generated and assigned to the plots.
    • This has been introduced to share the computerized digital land record data among different States/Sectors and a uniform system of assigning a unique ID to the land parcel across the country.

    Benefits offered

    The citizen is expected to benefit from DILRMP in one or more of the following ways;

    • Real-time land ownership records will be available to the citizen
    • Property owners will have free access to their records without any compromise in regard to the confidentiality of the information
    • Abolition of stamp papers and payment of stamp duty and registration fees through banks, etc. will also reduce interface with the Registration machinery
    • These records will be tamper-proof
    • This method will permit e-linkages to credit facilities

     

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • 17th November 2021 | Prelims Daily with Previous Year Questions

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

    [WpProQuiz 836]

    [WpProQuiz_toplist 836]

  • Don’t miss out these 7 steps if you want to Score Extra Marks in Prelims 2022|| Free Webinar by Santosh Gupta Sir who Cleared Prelims 6/6 Times|| Answer More Questions With Less Negative Marking|| Limited Slots Open, Register Now

    Don’t miss out these 7 steps if you want to Score Extra Marks in Prelims 2022|| Free Webinar by Santosh Gupta Sir who Cleared Prelims 6/6 Times|| Answer More Questions With Less Negative Marking|| Limited Slots Open, Register Now

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTosH GUPTA SIR

    Let’s admit this — As much as we have heard our seniors, mentors and toppers advise us to answer fewer questions in Prelims exams due to negative marking, do we want to follow it? All of us wish to answer as many questions as possible correctly. However, post 2014 questions have started getting tougher so much that now –

    “Prelims is no longer about selecting the right option. It’s searching for the correct option by eliminating the incorrect ones.”

    Let’s take a sample question from Prelims 2021 Paper —

    Constitutional government means

    1. a representative government of a nation with federal structure
    2. a government whose Head enjoys nominal powers
    3. a government whose Head enjoys real powers
    4. a government limited by the terms of the Constitution

    An average aspirant gets confused between 2-3 options. Option a), b) and d) look equally correct but you have to select only one. The right answer is option d). How can you find out what was the missing criteria in option a) and b) which option d) fulfilled to emerge as the right answer?

    Attend the free webinar by Santhosh sir to get the answer.

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTHOSH GUPTA SIR

    Key Takeaways of Santosh Gupta Sir’s Free Prelims Orientation Webinar

    1. Complete Analysis of the 2021 Prelims Paper. How to change your preparation methods right now?

    2. The 7 Steps of Tackling Prelims 2022. How to maximize revision and minimize study materials?

    3. Significance of Current Affairs. Is it really declining in Prelims?

    4. Important Topics to Cover for Prelims 2022 for every subject. What are the correct study materials for these topics?

    5. Time-Tested Elimination Techniques. How to use these techniques in sample questions?

    Webinar Details

    Prelims question papers have become more or less like a game of Sudoko. Except, in Sudoko you can solve the puzzle at your leisure and over here you are limited by 2 hours. We hope this webinar will help all 2022 aspirants implement the suggestions of Santosh Gupta Sir.

    Date: 18 November 2021 (Thursday)

    Time: 7 P.M

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTosH GUPTA SIR

    About Santosh Gupta Sir

    Santosh sir has scored above 140 twice in UPSC prelims and 120 plus in all 6 attempts. He has written all 6 mains and has appeared for Interviews 3 times. He has qualified UPSC EPFO and BPSC 56-59th also. As the Prelims coordinator at Civilsdaily, he has helped 15 out of 25 students clear the prelims examination this year.

  • The EU’s role in the Indo-Pacific

    Context

    Speedy development of the Quad comprising Australia, Japan, India and the U.S.; the emergence of AUKUS comprising Australia, the U.K. and the U.S.; and other alignments raise the question: where does Europe stand in relation to this churning?

    Significance of EU’s Indo-Pacific strategy

    • Europe’s Asia connect is old, strong and multi-layered.
    • Since 2018, countries such as France, the Netherlands, Germany and the U.K. announced their specific policies towards the Indo-Pacific.
    • The announcement by the Council of the European Union of its initial policy conclusions in April, followed by the unveiling of the EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific on September 16, are notable.
    • Focus on security and development: The policy document also says cooperation will be strengthened in sustainable and inclusive prosperity, green transition, ocean governance, digital governance and partnerships, connectivity, security and defence, and human security.

    Way forward for EU

    • Support France: The EU’s security and defence capabilities are quite limited, as compared to the U.S. and China.
    • To obviate an imbalance in favour of economic links, EU will need to give adequate space and support to France which has sizeable assets and linkages with the Indo-Pacific.
    • Coordination with UK: EU also must forge strategic coordination with the U.K. as the latter prepares to expand its role in Asia as part of its ‘Global Britain’ strategy.
    • Leverage economic power: As a major economic power, the EU has an excellent chance of success in its trade negotiations with Australia, Indonesia and New Zealand; economic partnership agreement with the East African Community; and in forging fisheries agreements and green alliances.
    • To achieve all this and more, EU must increase its readiness to share its financial resources and new technologies with partners.
    • Internally coordinated approach:Many states view China as a great economic opportunity, but others are acutely conscious of the full contours of the China challenge.
    • Russia next door is the more traditional threat. It is increasingly on China’s side.
    • Hence, the EU should find it easy to cooperate with the Quad.
    • AUKUS, endeavours by a part of the western alliance to bolster naval and technological facilities to deal with China should be welcome.

    Way forward for India

    • India’s pivotal position in the region necessitates a closer India-EU partnership.
    • Early conclusion of an ambitious and comprehensive trade agreement and a standalone investment protection agreement will be major steps.
    • Cooperation in Industry 4.0 technologies is desirable.
    • Consolidating and upgrading defence ties with France, Germany and the U.K. should also remain a significant priority.

    Conclusion

    The EU can create a vantage position for itself in the Indo-Pacific by being more candid with itself, more assertive with China, and more cooperative with India.

    UPSC 2022 countdown has begun! Get your personal guidance plan now! (Click here)

  • Don’t miss out these 7 steps if you want to Score Extra Marks in Prelims 2022|| Free Webinar by Santosh Gupta Sir who Cleared Prelims 6/6 Times|| Answer More Questions With Less Negative Marking|| Limited Slots Open, Register Now

    Don’t miss out these 7 steps if you want to Score Extra Marks in Prelims 2022|| Free Webinar by Santosh Gupta Sir who Cleared Prelims 6/6 Times|| Answer More Questions With Less Negative Marking|| Limited Slots Open, Register Now

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTosH GUPTA SIR

    Let’s admit this — As much as we have heard our seniors, mentors and toppers advise us to answer fewer questions in Prelims exams due to negative marking, do we want to follow it? All of us wish to answer as many questions as possible correctly. However, post 2014 questions have started getting tougher so much that now –

    “Prelims is no longer about selecting the right option. It’s searching for the correct option by eliminating the incorrect ones.”

    Let’s take a sample question from Prelims 2021 Paper —

    Constitutional government means

    1. a representative government of a nation with federal structure
    2. a government whose Head enjoys nominal powers
    3. a government whose Head enjoys real powers
    4. a government limited by the terms of the Constitution

    An average aspirant gets confused between 2-3 options. Option a), b) and d) look equally correct but you have to select only one. The right answer is option d). How can you find out what was the missing criteria in option a) and b) which option d) fulfilled to emerge as the right answer?

    Attend the free webinar by Santhosh sir to get the answer.

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTHOSH GUPTA SIR

    Key Takeaways of Santosh Gupta Sir’s Free Prelims Orientation Webinar

    1. Complete Analysis of the 2021 Prelims Paper. How to change your preparation methods right now?

    2. The 7 Steps of Tackling Prelims 2022. How to maximize revision and minimize study materials?

    3. Significance of Current Affairs. Is it really declining in Prelims?

    4. Important Topics to Cover for Prelims 2022 for every subject. What are the correct study materials for these topics?

    5. Time-Tested Elimination Techniques. How to use these techniques in sample questions?

    Webinar Details

    Prelims question papers have become more or less like a game of Sudoko. Except, in Sudoko you can solve the puzzle at your leisure and over here you are limited by 2 hours. We hope this webinar will help all 2022 aspirants implement the suggestions of Santosh Gupta Sir.

    Date: 18 November 2021 (Thursday)

    Time: 7 P.M

    REGISTER FOR FREE PRELIMS ORIENTATION WEBINAR BY SANTosH GUPTA SIR

    About Santosh Gupta Sir

    Santosh sir has scored above 140 twice in UPSC prelims and 120 plus in all 6 attempts. He has written all 6 mains and has appeared for Interviews 3 times. He has qualified UPSC EPFO and BPSC 56-59th also. As the Prelims coordinator at Civilsdaily, he has helped 15 out of 25 students clear the prelims examination this year.

More posts