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India’s Parliament: A Silent Spectator in Budget Decisions

A national budget isn’t just about numbers—it’s a roadmap that reflects a country’s economic goals, governance approach, and policy priorities. In a democracy, the power to oversee public spending should rest with the people’s representatives, ensuring financial discipline, transparency, and accountability. However, in India, Parliament plays a minimal role in shaping the Budget. Instead of… Continue reading

[pib] 10 years of the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY)

Why in the News? April 8, 2025, marks the 10th anniversary of Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY), launched to fund micro and small enterprises. About the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) The PMMY, launched in 2015 is a Central Sector Scheme designed to provide financial support to non-corporate, non-farm small and micro-entrepreneurs previously excluded from… Continue reading

Palna Scheme under Mission Shakti

Why in the News? The Ministry of Women and Child Development has informed that 1,761 Anganwadi-cum-Creches are operational across the country under the Palna Scheme. About the Palna Scheme Launched to address childcare needs for working mothers, the Palna Scheme provides day-care facilities for children aged 6 months to 6 years. In 2022, the National… Continue reading

Technology and Innovation Report, 2025

Why in the News? The Technology and Innovation Report, 2025 was recently issued by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). About the Technology and Innovation Report The report is released by the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). It addresses critical issues related to science, technology, and innovation, with a particular focus… Continue reading

Hadean Protocrust

Why in the News? A study from Macquarie University, Australia, suggests that plate tectonics may have started earlier than previously thought, with signs of it possibly existing in the Hadean protocrust even before the plates began to move. What is Hadean Protocrust? The Hadean protocrust is the Earth’s first crust, formed within the first 200… Continue reading

First photographic record of Woolly Flying Squirrel captured in Himachal

Why in the News? The Himachal Pradesh Forest Department’s wildlife wing has captured the first photographic evidence of the elusive Woolly Flying Squirrel in the Miyar Valley, Lahaul and Spiti district. About the Woolly Flying Squirrel: The Woolly Flying Squirrel, scientifically known as Eupetaurus cinereus, is one of the rarest and least known mammals in… Continue reading

[7th April 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Prescribe preventive medicine for a healthy India

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2021] Besides being a moral imperative of a Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary precondition for sustainable development.” Analyse. Linkage: This highlights the importance of a primary health structure, which is crucial for delivering preventive healthcare services, including screening and early detection of diseases. Mentor’s Comment: India is aiming… Continue reading

Only 12% of HC judges disclosed assets, data show

Why in the News? Out of 769 judges serving in 25 High Courts, only 95 (12.35%) have disclosed their assets publicly. Courts like Kerala (93.18%) and Himachal Pradesh (91.66%) lead in transparency, while Madras (5 of 65) and Chhattisgarh (1 of 16) lag significantly. Why is judicial asset disclosure vital for accountability and transparency in… Continue reading

Three billion people cannot afford a healthy diet

Why in the News? A healthy and nutritious diet costs much more than just eating enough to fill the stomach. Because of this, around three billion people worldwide cannot afford to eat healthy diet. What is the primary difference between a calorie-sufficient diet and a healthy diet? Aspect Calorie-Sufficient Diet Healthy Diet Example (Eg) Purpose… Continue reading

Ottawa Convention

Why in the News? NATO members including Poland, Finland, and the three Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) have recently expressed intentions to withdraw from the Ottawa Convention. About the Ottawa Convention The Ottawa Convention is an international treaty adopted in 1997 aimed at banning the use, production, stockpiling, and transfer of anti-personnel mines. It… Continue reading

PM Modi at Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi

Why in the News? PM Narendra Modi recently visited the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi temple in the historic city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. About the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi Tree The Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi tree is considered the oldest living cultivated plant globally. It is believed to have grown from a branch of the… Continue reading

PM inaugurates New Pamban Bridge

Why in the News? The newly constructed Pamban Bridge was inaugurated by PM Modi to replace a 110-year-old structure that connected Rameswaram to the Indian mainland. About the Pamban Bridge The Pamban Bridge, completed in 1914, was India’s first sea bridge, connecting Rameswaram on Pamban Island to the mainland. It featured a double-leaf bascule span,… Continue reading

CAPTCHA: a digital border between Humans and Bots

Why in the News? This newscard is an excerpt from the original article published in The Hindu. What is CAPTCHA? CAPTCHA stands for Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart. It is a security measure used to differentiate humans from automated bots on websites. It helps protect websites against spam and… Continue reading

[5th April 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: A case for the Global South in securing Ukraine peace

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2019] The long-sustained image of India as a leader of the oppressed and marginalised Nations has disappeared on account of its new found role in the emerging global order”. Elaborate. Linkage: India’s historical role as a voice for the “Global South” and how its current global positioning might be perceived differently. This… Continue reading

Parliament passes Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2025 as Rajya Sabha grants approval

Why in the News? After over 12 hours of debate and late-night voting, tensions rose over ministers taking a break and Congress faced criticism from INDI allies over supporting a government-backed Bill. What are the key provisions of the Waqf (Amendment) Bill? Inclusion of Non-Muslim Members: The Bill makes it mandatory to have at least… Continue reading

Heard and McDonald Islands

Why in the News? Donald Trump imposed a 10% tariff on imports from the Heard and McDonald Islands, despite no human presence there for nearly a decade. About the Heard and McDonald Islands The Heard and McDonald Islands are located in the Southern Ocean, approximately 4,100 km south-west of Perth, Australia, and 1,600 km to… Continue reading

India’s Subsea Cable Infrastructure

Why in the news? India is gradually expanding its undersea cable infrastructure, with new systems like Airtel’s 2Africa Pearls and SEA-ME-WE-6 boosting its international internet bandwidth. What are Undersea Cables? Undersea cables are fiber optic cables laid on the ocean floor that connect internet networks between countries. These cables are heavily insulated and contain fiber… Continue reading

Exercise INDRA 2025

Why in the News? The bilateral naval exercise INDRA 2025 between the Indian and Russian navies was held from 28 March to 02 April 2025. About Exercise INDRA INDRA is a biennial joint military exercise that began in 2003. Over time, INDRA transformed into a tri-service exercise involving Army, Navy, and Air Force, making it… Continue reading

From Shore to Horizon: What Lies Ahead for India’s Maritime Policy

PM Modi has unveiled ‘MAHASAGAR’ (Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions) during his March 2025 visit to Mauritius, outlining India’s expanded vision for security and development across the region. About MAHASAGAR Mahasagar is India’s expanded strategic vision aimed at enhancing security, trade, and development cooperation across the Global South.It builds on India’s SAGAR (Security and Growth for… Continue reading

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