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Himalayan tragedy: On avalanches in the Himalayan States

Why in the News? Earlier this week, the Indian Army and Indo-Tibetan Border Police rescued 23 workers trapped under snow and ice after an avalanche in Mana village, Uttarakhand. What were the key challenges faced by the rescue teams during the avalanche operation in Mana Village? Harsh Weather Conditions: The rescue teams operated under heavy… Continue reading

India needs to expand its trading base to overcome global headwinds

Why in the News? The rise in the services Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) to 59 in February has brought relief to investors and policymakers. What is the Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI)? The Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is an economic indicator that measures the business activity in manufacturing and services sectors, indicating expansion if above 50… Continue reading

Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)

Why in the News? Researchers have found that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is slowing due to melting ice sheets. By 2050, it may weaken by 20%, affecting global climate, ocean circulation, and marine ecosystems. What is the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)? The ACC is the strongest and largest ocean current on Earth. It flows… Continue reading

Plight of Prisoners with Disabilities needs attention SC

Why in the News? The Supreme Court has acknowledged a serious issue regarding the lack of disabled-friendly infrastructure in prisons, following a petition citing the trauma and inhumane conditions faced by Professor G. Saibaba and Stan Swamy. A bench comprising Justices Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta noted that even the Persons with Disabilities Act (2016)… Continue reading

‘AI Kosha’ Platform

Why in the News? The Union Government has launched AI Kosha, a platform dedicated to non-personal datasets, marking a major step in India’s AI research and development efforts. What is AI Kosha? AI Kosha is a government-backed platform for non-personal datasets to support Artificial Intelligence (AI) R&D in India. It serves as a centralized repository… Continue reading

Ongole Cows

Why in the News? India’s indigenous cattle breed from Ongole is experiencing a sharp decline domestically, even as it has become one of the most prized and expensive cattle breeds in Brazil. About Ongole Cows Ongole cattle, also known as Ongolu Gitta, are a native Indian breed originating from Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh. This Bos… Continue reading

Gender-Responsive Budgeting: How Well Does This Year’s Budget Address Women’s Needs

NOTE4STUDENTS: UPSC often frames questions on women empowerment by linking it to budgeting, government policies, and economic participation. This article breaks down gender budgeting and explains how the 2025-26 Union Budget aims to make India’s growth more inclusive for women. Many struggle with connecting static knowledge (concepts like gender budgeting) with current affairs (recent budget… Continue reading

[7th March 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Women in corporate leadership, the lived reality

PYQ Relevance: Q) What are the continued challenges for Women in India against time and space? (UPSC CSE 2019) Mentor’s Comment: UPSC mains have always focused on the continued challenges for Women in India against time and space (2019) and middle-class working women in India (2019). Recently, the world celebrated International Women’s Day, with… Continue reading

The academic link between Nepal and India

Why in the News? On February 16, a third-year female student from Nepal died by suicide at Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) in Bhubaneswar. What were the reasons behind the protests by Nepali students at KIIT, Bhubaneswar? Harassment and University Inaction: Nepali students protested after a third-year Nepali woman student died by suicide, allegedly… Continue reading

Is Artificial Intelligence affecting critical thinking skills?

Why in the News? Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are being used more and more in classrooms worldwide.In India, a study by TeamLease EdTech last year found that over 61% of educators are using AI tools. What are the key findings as per the TeamLease EdTech? A study by TeamLease EdTech titled “Revolutionising Classrooms: The Impact… Continue reading

Successful PHTA Test of ISRO’s Semi-Cryogenic Engine

Why in the News? ISRO successfully conducted a hot test on the semi-cryogenic engine (SE2000), a key step towards finalizing the cryogenic stage for future launch vehicles. This Power Head Test Article (PHTA) is the first hardware test for semi-cryogenic engines. About the SE2000 Engine The SE2000 engine is a semi-cryogenic rocket engine developed by… Continue reading

UN Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS)

Why in the News? In December 2024, a 500 kg metal object crashed in Makueni County, Kenya, highlighting the growing concern over uncontrolled satellite re-entries, for which the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) remains accountable. It has yet to implement binding regulations on space debris disposal and re-entry control. About… Continue reading

Wolly Mammoth Traits in Mice using Gene Editing

Why in the News? Recently, Colossal Biosciences has created a “Woolly Mouse” by editing seven genes in mice embryos to mimic the cold-adaptive traits of woolly mammoths. What are Woolly Mammoths? The Woolly Mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) was a large, Ice Age herbivore that roamed Eurasia and North America, thriving in cold tundra environments. It had… Continue reading

J&K to promote Bangus Valley near LoC for Ecotourism

Why in the News? The Jammu and Kashmir government has announced new ecotourism policies for Bangus Valley, a scenic yet lesser-known destination near the Line of Control (LoC) in North Kashmir. About Bangus Valley It is situated in Kupwara district, Jammu & Kashmir, about 100 km from Srinagar in the Pir Panjal range, close to… Continue reading

Death Penalty in India: A Necessary Deterrent or a Human Rights Concern?

PYQ ANCHORING GS 2 : “The Constitution of India is a living instrument with capabilities of enormous dynamism. It is a constitution made for a progressive society”. Illustrate with special reference to the expanding horizons of the right to life and personal liberty. [2023] GS 2 : Right to privacy is intrinsic to life and… Continue reading

[6th March 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Over-centralisation threatens federal health policy

PYQ Relevance: Q)Besides being a moral imperative of a Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary precondition for sustainable development.” Analyse. (UPSC CSE 2021) Mentor’s Comment: UPSC mains have always focused on the Welfare State, primary health structure (2021), and Public health system (2015). The Supreme Court’s judgment in Dr. Tanvi Behl vs Shrey… Continue reading

U.S. will impose reciprocal tariffs from April 2: Trump

Why in the News? U.S. President Donald Trump criticised the high tariffs imposed by India and other countries, calling them “very unfair,” and announced that reciprocal tariffs would be implemented from April 2 on nations that levy duties on American goods. What are the main reasons for imposing reciprocal tariffs on countries like India and… Continue reading

DeepSeek’s market disruption must awaken India

Why in the News? DeepSeek has disrupted the global tech industry and stock markets with its affordable artificial intelligence (AI) model. How does DeepSeek’s low-cost AI model pose a threat to India’s dominance in the global IT sector? Cost Efficiency and Competitive Pressure: DeepSeek’s AI models, developed at a fraction of the cost compared to… Continue reading

Suspension of MLAs

Why in the News? An MLA was suspended from the Maharashtra Assembly for praising and justifying the actions of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. This incident has sparked a debate on the rules and constitutional provisions governing the suspension of MLAs in India. What is the Suspension of MLAs? Suspension of MLAs is a disciplinary measure imposed… Continue reading

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