Subject: ClimatologyXTemperature and Heat Budget

Consider the following statements :
1. High clouds primarily reflect solar radiation and cool the surface of the Earth.
2. Low clouds have a high absorption of infrared radiation emanating from the Earth’s surface and thus cause warming effect.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The temperature contrast between continents and oceans is greater during summer than in winter.
Statement-II:
The specific heat of water is more than that of land surface.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The atmosphere is heated more by incoming solar radiation than by terrestrial radiation.
Statement-II:
Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are good absorbers of long-wave radiation.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following statements:

Statement I:
In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and poleward while crossing the oceans.

Statement II:
In January, the air over the oceans is warmer than that over the landmasses in the Northern Hemisphere.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

The annual range of temperature in the interior of the continents is high as compared to coastal
areas. What is/are the reason/reasons?
(1). Thermal difference between land and water
(2). Variation in altitude between continents and oceans
(3). Presence of strong winds in the interior
(4). Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.