Category: Ranker Webinars

1.Saubhagya

Objectives –

• To provide electricity connections to over 4 crore families in rural and urban areas by December 2018. -scheme deals the cost of last-mile connectivity to willing households to help achieve the goal of lighting every household by 31 December 2018.
• The beneficiaries for free electricity connections would be identified using Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC) 2011 data.
• Un-electrified households not covered under the SECC data would also be provided electricity connections under the scheme on payment of Rs. 500 which shall be recovered by DISCOMs in 10 instalments through electricity bill.
• Free connections will be provided to below poverty line (BPL) households.
• For households outside the reach of national electricity grid, solar power packs along with battery banks shall be provided.
• The solar power packs of 200 to 300 Wp (Watt peak capacity) with battery bank, comprises of Five LED lights, One DC fan, One DC power plug.
• The scheme also includes the Repair and Maintenance (R&M) for 5 years.
• States have also been provided with an incentive of 50% of their loan being converted to grants, if the electrification targets are met by 31 December 2018.
• Nodal Ministry –State-run Rural Electrification Corporation

2.UDAY

Objectives –

• It has ambitious target of making all discoms profitable by 2018-19.
• -Improving operational efficiencies of discoms,
• -Reduction of cost of power,
• -Reduction in interest cost of discoms and
• -Enforcing financial discipline on discoms through alignment with state finances.
• It has all the 3 elements — 1.Clear up the legacy issues of past losses and debt. 2.Provide a financial road map to bring tariffs in line with costs by FY19. 3.Provide enough deterrents for the state govt to not allow the state discoms to become loss ridden post FY18, as losses start to impact their FRBM limits.
• The State govt. will takeover the discom liabilities over 2-5 year period. 2.This will allow discoms to convert their debt into State bond. These bonds will have a maturity period of 10-15 years. 3.It will allow transfer of 75% outstanding debts incurred by stressed discoms to States’ debt, 50% in 2015-16 and 25% in 2016-17
• The central government will not include the loans of the discoms in calculation of the state’s deficit till 2016-17.
• DISCOM debt not taken over by the State shall be converted by the Banks / FIs into loans or bonds.
• Till November 2017, only states that have not joined it are Odisha and West Bengal
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of power

3.Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DUGJY)

Objectives –

• To provide 24×7 uninterrupted electricity supply to each rural household across the country by 2022.1. It focuses on feeder separation for rural households and agricultural purpose. 2. Seeks to strengthen the distribution and sub-transmission infrastructure, including metering at all levels in rural areas. 3. It also seeks to strengthen Micro grid and off grid distribution network of rural electrification.
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of Power

4.24×7 – Power for All

Objectives –

• • To provide 24×7 power available to all households, industry, commercial businesses, public needs, any other electricity consuming entity and adequate power to agriculture farm holdings by FY 19.‘Power for All scheme’ is a joint initiative of the central and state governments, with the objective of providing 24X7 electricity to all households, industry, commercial businesses and other electricity-consuming entities within the time span of four years.
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of Power

5.Integrated Power Development Scheme” (IPDS)

Objectives –

• Strengthening of sub-transmission and distribution network in the urban areas;
• Metering of distribution transformers /feeders / consumers in the urban areas.
• IT enablement of distribution sector and strengthening of distribution networkThe scheme will help in reduction in AT&C losses, establishment of IT enabled energy accounting / auditing system, improvement in billed energy based on metered consumption and improvement in collection efficiency

Nodal Ministry –.Ministry of Power

6.National Smart Grid Mission (NSGM)

Objectives –

• The mission entails implementation of a smart electrical grid based on state-of-the art technology in the fields of automation, communication and IT systems that can monitor and control power flows from points of generation to points of consumption.-The major activities envisaged under NSGM are development of smart grid, development of micro grids, consumer engagements and training & capacity building etc.
• NSGM entails implementation of a smart electrical grid based on state-of-the art technology in the fields of automation, communication and IT systems that can monitor and control power flows from points of generation to points of consumption
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of Power

7.UJALA

Objectives –

• To save energy consumption by distributing LED bulbs which are energy efficientThe scheme is being implemented by Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), a joint venture of PSUs under the Union Ministry of Power.
• It is LED based Domestic Efficient Lighting Programme (DELP).
• Under it, LED Bulbs are distributed.
• It wants every home in India to use LED bulbs so that the net power or energy consumption rate comes down and the carbon emission rates can also be checked
• The scheme will not only help reduce consumers their electricity bills but also contribute to the energy security of India.
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of Power

8.TARANG, UJALA, VIDYUT PRAVAH, GARV, URJA and MERIT

Objectives –

• The initiatives were launched keeping in line with the Digital India initiative. The primarily seek to enhance transparency in power sector.All apps released by Power Sector,
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of Power

9.Sustainable Rooftop Implementation for Solar Transfiguration of India (SRISTI)

Objectives –

• It will provide incentives for the installation of rooftop solar power plant projects in India.
• The important features and highlights of this scheme are as follows:-
• This Solar Power Plant Subsidy Scheme will provide incentives for the sustainable implementation of Rooftop.
• Subsequently, this scheme will form the advanced version of the previous MNRE scheme in Phase II.
• Accordingly, govt. will integrate Discoms to implement this solar subsidy scheme.
• 4.Central govt. will provide financial assistance to implement rooftop solar power plants for the residential users.
• 5.Henceforth, users of the residential sectors can install the particular in-line capacity as per their necessity and their SERC (State Electricity Regulation Commission) Regulation.
• Central govt. will provide subsidy up to 5 KWP capacity of power plant.
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)

10.Green Energy Corridors Project

Objectives –

• The green energy corridor is grid connected network for the transmission of renewable energy produced from various renewable energy projects.
• The project was envisaged by Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) in its innovative report titled ‘Green Energy Corridors’.
• It was proposed as a dedicated transmission network for renewable energy across different renewable energy potential states.
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)

11.India’s Street Lighting National programme (SLNP)

Objectives –

• The programme aims to install LED bulbs street-lighting across different cities in the country.
• The LED lights will replace inefficient lamps.
• The initiative is part of the Government’s efforts to spread the message of energy efficiency in the country.
• It will result in energy savings and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
• Nodal Ministry –Ministry of Power, Energy Efficiency Services Limited

12.SuryaMitra programme

Objectives –

• To provide skill training to rural youth in handling solar installations
• It is Union Government skill development program
• Aims to create skilled manpower in commissioning, installation, O&M of solar power plants and equipment.
• It primary objective is to provide entrepreneurship and employability opportunities to rural and urban youth & women.
• The scheme is aimed at creating 50,000 trained solar photovoltaic technicians by March 2020.
• Special emphasis is given to skill youth from SC/ST/OBC categories.
• The qualification required to participate in the program is ITI (Electrical & Wireman) / Diploma in Engineering (Electrical, Electronics & Mechanical).
• Higher qualified participants such as B.Tech etc are not eligible for this programme.
• The programme is 100% funded by GOI and implemented by National Institute for Solar Energy (NISE) across the country.
• In addition, short term training programmes for small hydro, entrepreneurship development, operation & maintenance of solar energy devices and boiler operations in co-generation plants have been organized.
• National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) is an autonomous institution of Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE)).National institute of solar energy

13.National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE)

Objectives –

• PAT (perform, achieve & trade) scheme: Improving efficiency in energy intensive sector.
• Energy Efficiency Financing Platform (EEFP): provides a platform to interact with financial institutions and project developers for implementation of energy efficiency projects
• Framework for Energy Efficient Economic Development (FEEED): focuses on developing appropriate fiscal instruments to promote energy efficiency financing
• Market transformation for Energy Efficiency (MTEE): Accelerating shift toward energy efficient appliances

14. Setu Bharatam

Objectives –

• To free all national highways from railway level crossings and renovate the old bridges on national highways by 2019.
• .Setu Bharatam is an ambitious programme with an investment of Rs. 50,000 crore to build bridges for safe and seamless travel on National Highways.
• 2.208 new “road over bridges / road under bridges” are envisaged for construction, while 1500 bridges will be widened, rehabilitated or replaced.
• Nodal Ministry –The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

15.Bharatmala

Objectives –

• It is an umbrella program that will subsume unfinished parts of NHDP
• It will also focus on the new initiatives like development of Border and International connectivity roads, Coastal & port connectivity roads, National Corridors Efficiency improvements, Economic corridors development and others.
• Around 80 per cent of Bharatmala will be based on a government funded, engineering procurement and construction (EPC) model while the rest will be a hybrid-annuity public private partnership.
• Nodal Ministry –The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

16.National Highways Interconnectivity Improvement Project

Objectives –

• This is a project to ensure safe, fast and all weather movement of traffic on National Highways mostly located in backward regions
• Nodal Ministry –The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

17.Logistic Efficiency Enhancement Programme (LEEP)

Objectives –

• Aimed at enhancing the freight transportation in India through improving cost, time, tracking and transferability of consignments through infrastructure, procedural and Information Technology (IT) interventions.Under this programme
• road ministry has shortlisted 15 locations with the highest freight movement for the development of multimodal logistics parks worth Rs.32,853 crore.
• The parks would be spread over a total area of around 4,800 acres and will be built under the first phase of the ministry’s Logistics Efficiency Enhancement Programme (LEEP).
• Through the programme, the government is trying to improve efficiency and reduce logistics costs by as much as 10%.
• The parks are expected to serve four key functions:
• 1. Freight aggregation and distribution,
• 2. Multimodal freight movement,
• 3. Storage and warehousing,
• 4. Value-added services such as custom clearances.
• Nodal Ministry –The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

18.Vehicle Fleet Modernization Programme

Objectives –

• To enable the replacement of old, heavy and medium commercial vehicles as they contribute the maximum of vehicular pollution
• Nodal Ministry –The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

19.Highway Advisory System (HAS)

Objectives –

• HAS was launched as a pilot project on Delhi-Jaipur highway.
• It is a free-to-air information distribution system that uses radio to make the travelling experience on National Highways safer, faster and hassle-free.
• HAS control centre collects data, processes and analyzes it, generates alerts and sends it to be broadcast by All India Radio.
• Nodal Ministry –“The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

20. Indian Bridge Management System (IBMS)

Objectives –

• It is aimed at ensuring safety of bridges in India-IBMS is being developed to create an inventory of all bridges in the country and rate their structural condition so that timely repair and rehabilitation work can be carried out based on the criticality of the structure.
• How Will it Work?
• -A unique identification number or National Identity Number (NIN) will be given to each bridge, and the number will be based on the state, RTO zone or based on location (National Highway, State Highway etc.).
• -Along with NIN, Bridge Location Number (BLN) will also be allotted to every bridge based on specific GPS given latitude-longitude. Another number- Bridge Classification Number (BCN) will be assigned to the bridge structure based on its engineering characteristics.
• -A Structural Rating Number (SRN) will be assigned to bridge structures on a scale of 0 to 9
• -Another number – Socio-Economic Bridge Rating Number will specify the contribution of bridge in daily socio-economic activity of that area. IBMS will analyse this data and recognize bridges which need renovation.
• Nodal Ministry – The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

21.National Green Highways Project

Objectives

• Under the Green Highways Project the government has made it mandatory to set aside 1% of the total project cost of any NH contract to a Green Fund corpus that will be used for plantation purposes.
• The afforestation is expected to help in sequestering approximately 12 lakh mt carbon annually
• The funds to be transferred to the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) would be used exclusively for plantation and maintenance on all NH stretches being developed on the Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC) and Build Operate Transfer (BOT) mode.
• The NHAI will act as Fund Manager for maintaining the account and for release of the payments made by the Regional Officer or Project Director based on the recommendation of the monitoring agency-Indian Highways Management Company Ltd (IHMCL).
• There will be a strong monitoring mechanism in place by using ISRO’s Bhuvan and GAGAN satellite systems. Every planted tree will be counted and auditing will be done. The agencies performing well will receive annual awards.
• Nodal Ministry – The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

22.Kisan Harit Rajmarg Yojana

Objectives

• A pilot scheme to extend green belt beyond the existing ‘Right of Way’ of highways by engaging farmers and providing alternative livelihood option to the nearby communities.
• Nodal Ministry –The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

23.Chaar Dham Highway Development Project

Objectives

• To improve connectivity to the Char Dham pilgrimage centres in the Himalayas.To improve connectivity to the Char Dham pilgrimage centres in the Himalayas.
• The project’s main objective is to develop around 900 km of national highways. These highways will be built at an approximate cost of Rs 12,000 crore. 2.It will allow uninterrupted access for pilgrims to the four Himalayan shrines of Kedarnath, Badrinath, Gangotri and Yamunotri in Uttarakhand.
• The all-weather roads will have tunnels, bridges and fly-overs to enhance road safety and uninterrupted access. It will have proper slope stabilisation to ensure protection against landslides. 3.It will benefit people visiting holy shrines in Uttarakhand. It will generate additional employment for the local population and will change the economy of the State as it will give strong boost to connectivity and tourism.
• Nodal Ministry – Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

24.SagarMala

Objectives

• To promote port-led direct and indirect development and to provide infrastructure to transport goods to and from ports quickly, efficiently and cost-effective
• Three pillars:
  • Supporting and enabling Port-led Development
  • Port Infrastructure Enhancement, including modernization and setting up of new ports, and
  • Efficient Evacuation to and from hinterland. 
• The programme aims to promote port-led development in the country by harnessing India’s 7,500-km long coastline, 14,500-km of potentially navigable waterways and strategic location on key international maritime trade routes.
• It envisages transforming existing ports into modern world class ports as well as developing new ones.
• It also aims to develop efficient evacuation systems through road, rail, inland and coastal waterways.
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Shipping

25.Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana(Urban)

Objectives –

• To provide housing for all by the year 2022.
• The Mission will be implemented during 2015-2022 and will provide central assistance to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and other implementing agencies through States/UTs for:
• 1.In-situ Rehabilitation of existing slum dwellers using land as a resource through private participation 2.Credit Linked Subsidy 3. Affordable Housing in Partnership 4. Subsidy for Beneficiary-led individual house construction/enhancement.

Nodal Ministry – Ministry of Urban Ministry

26.National Urban Housing Fund

• To finance Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) which aims to build 1.2 crore affordable houses in urban areas by 2022.-NUHF will be placed under aegis of Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC).
• It will be raised from non-budgetary sources and will tap into existing government entities such as Housing and Urban Development Corp. (Hudco).
• NUHF will facilitate raising requisite funds in next four years and plug any budgetary shortfalls.
• It will smoothly sustain construction of houses to address gap in Urban Sector progresses by maintaining flow of Central Assistance under different verticals i.e. Affordable Housing in Parternership (AHP), Beneficiary Linked Construction (BLC), In-Situ Slum Redevelopment (ISSR) and Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS).

Earth System Governance Project (ESGP)

Established When and by Whom:  Developed under the auspices of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change. It started in January 2009.

Headquarter: The Earth System Governance Project Office is hosted at Lund University, Sweden.

Key Functions:

The Earth System Governance Project aims to contribute to science on the large, complex challenges of governance in an era of rapid and large-scale environmental change.

The project seeks to create a better understanding of the role of institutions, organizations and governance mechanisms by which humans regulate their relationship with the natural environment

The Earth System Governance Project aims to integrate governance research at all levels. The project aims to examine problems of the ‘global commons’, but also local problems from air pollution to the preservation of waters, waste treatment or desertification and soil degradation

However, due to natural interdependencies local environmental pollution can be transformed into changes of the global system that affect other localities. Therefore, the Earth System Governance Project looks at institutions and governance processes both local and globally

The Earth System Governance Project is a scientific effort, but also aims to assist policy responses to the pressing problems of earth system transformation

 

Global Environment Facility (GEF)

Established When and by Whom: The Global Environment Facility was established in October 1991 as a $1 billion pilot program in the World Bank to assist in the protection of the global environment and to promote environmental sustainable development.

Headquarter: Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Key Functions:

The Global Environment Facility (GEF) unites 183 countries in partnership with international institutions, civil society organizations (CSOs), and the private sector to address global environmental issues while supporting national sustainable development initiatives.

Today the GEF is the largest public funder of projects to improve the global environment.

An independently operating financial organization, the GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, and persistent organic pollutants.

Funding: The GEF also serves as the financial mechanism for the following conventions:

• Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
• United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
• UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
• Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
• Minamata Convention on Mercury

India specific trivia:

*India has formed a permanent Constituency in the Executive Council of the GEF together with Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal and Maldives.

The Council Meetings are held semi-annually or as frequently necessary. At each meeting, the Council elects a Chairperson from among its members for the duration of that meeting. India’s Executive Director in the World Bank represents the GEF Council from our Constituency.

India is both a donor and a recipient of GEF. It has been a leading developing country participant in the GEF since its inception in 1991 and has played a major role in shaping the restructuring of the GEF. It had contributed US $ 6.0 million to the core fund in the GEF Pilot Phase.

India has pledged an amount of US $ 9.0 million towards the resources of each of the Five GEF replenishments. The total funds pledged so far amounts to US$ 51 million and an amount of US$ 48.75 million has been paid by December 2012 towards GEF replenishments.

Ministry of Finance is the political focal point while Ministry of Environment & Forests is the Operational Focal Point for the GEF Projects.

 

Global Green Growth Institute

Established When and by Whom: GGGI was first launched as a think tank in 2010 by Korean President Lee Myung-bak, and was later converted into an international treaty-based organization in 2012 at the Rio+20 Summit in Brazil.

Headquarter: It is headquartered in Seoul, Republic of Korea

Key Functions: GGGI works to produce three major outcomes: adoption and implementation of green growth plans; provision of research for policymakers; and private sector engagement in the implementation of the national green growth plans. The organization uses three approaches to achieve these outcomes: Green Growth Planning & Implementation (GGP&I), Knowledge Development & Management (KDM), and Public-Private Cooperation (PPC).

Funding: Funds are given by Contributing members. Contributing members are defined as Member countries that make a multi-year financial contribution of core funding of no less than USD 15 million over three years. Participating members are defined as Member countries that are not contributing members.

India specific trivia:

GGGI has been working in India to promote green growth and sustainable development since 2013.

GGGI has worked at national, state, and city levels to develop and implement green growth strategies that reconcile short-term priorities with long-term vision of higher economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion

At the state level, GGGI worked closely with the governments of Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh (HP), and Punjab to develop comprehensive green growth strategies together with each.

GGGI also supported each of the three state governments in adopting integrated analytical approaches to assess green growth challenges and prioritize opportunities across key sectors, including energy, water, agriculture, and forestry

Building on these strategies, in 2015, GGGI supported the state governments in implementing specific green growth opportunities by formulating detailed project proposals, policy implementation roadmaps, and capacity building initiatives.

 

KIMO (Local Authorities International Environmental Organisation)

Established When and by Whom: KIMO was founded in August 1990 by four municipalities and from this modest start has grown in size to represent over 70 members in Belgium, Denmark, The Faroe Islands, Germany, The Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Headquarter: Esbjerg, Denmark

Key Functions:

• KIMO is committed to the development of sustainable coastal communities by:
• Preventing pollution of the seas and coastal waters of North Western Europe and preserving, improving and enhancing them for future generations
• Protecting coastal communities from the impacts of marine pollution and climate change.
• Representing its member local authorities and associated members at an international and national level.

 

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Established When and by Whom:   It was first established in 1988 by two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and later endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly.

Headquarter: Geneva, Switzerland

Key Functions:

• The IPCC produces reports that support the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
• IPCC reports cover all relevant information to understand the risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation.
• The IPCC does not carry out its own original research.
• Thousands of scientists and other experts contribute on a voluntary basis.
• The 2007 Nobel Peace Prize was shared, in two equal parts, between the IPCC and an American Environmentalist.

The aims of the IPCC are to assess scientific information relevant to:

1. Human-induced climate change,
2. The impacts of human-induced climate change,
3. Options for adaptation and mitigation.

Funding: The IPCC receives funding through the IPCC Trust Fund, established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).

India specific trivia: India will have its own climate change models to project the impact of global warming over the decades and these will form part of the forthcoming Sixth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Reports that is expected to be available in 2020.

 

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

Established When and by Whom: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental organisation.

Founded in 1948, today IUCN the largest professional global conservation network. IUCN has more than 1,200 member organizations including 200+ government and 900+ non-government organizations.

Headquarter: The Union’s headquarters are located in Gland, near Geneva, in Switzerland.

Key Functions: Conserving biodiversity is central to the mission of IUCN. The main areas of function are:

1. Science  – the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™.
2. Action – hundreds of conservation projects all over the world.
3. Influence – through the collective strength of more than 1,200 government and non-governmental Member organizations.

Funding:  Funded by governments, bilateral and multilateral agencies, foundations, member organisations and corporations.

More about the IUCN

Governance by a Council elected by member organizations every four years at the IUCN World Conservation Congress.

Observer Status at the United Nations General Assembly.

India specific trivia:

• India became a State Member of IUCN in 1969, through the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
• The IUCN India Country Office was established in 2007 in New Delhi.
• IUCN India works with Members and Commissions to reduce ecosystem and species loss by providing the necessary tools and knowledge to value, conserve and use biodiversity sustainability; enhance governance and policy for better management of ecosystems and habitats, including protected areas; and address challenges related to poverty alleviation, food security and climate change.

 

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Established When and by Whom: It was founded as a result of the UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm Conference) in 1972

Headquarter: Nairobi, Kenya

Key Functions:

• It coordinates UN’s environmental activities, assisting developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices.
• Its activities cover a wide range of issues regarding the atmosphere, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, environmental governance and green economy.
• UNEP has also been active in funding and implementing environment related development projects
• UNEP has aided in the formulation of guidelines and treaties on issues such as the international trade in potentially harmful chemicals, transboundary air pollution, and contamination of international waterways
• UNEP is also one of several Implementing Agencies for the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol
• The International Cyanide Management Code, a program of best practice for the chemical’s use at gold mining operations, was developed under UNEP’s aegis.

Funding:  The three main sources of funding of UN Environment are the UN Regular Budget, the Environment Fund, the core funding that enables UN Environment to implement its global and regional work, and Earmarked Contributions.

India specific trivia: UN Environment has sponsored the development of solar loan programs, with attractive return rates, to buffer the initial deployment costs and entice consumers to consider and purchase solar PV systems.

The most famous example is the solar loan program sponsored by UN Environment helped 100,000 people finance solar power systems in India.

Success in India’s solar program has led to similar projects in other parts of the developing world like Tunisia, Morocco, Indonesia and Mexico.

 

World Nature Organization (WNO)

Established When and by Whom:  WNO initiative was born in 2010 by states which are threatened by rising sea levels. The WNO Treaty officially entered into force on 1st May 2014.

Location : Geneva

Key Functions:

• It is an intergovernmental organisation which promotes global environmental protection.
• WNO acts as a centre of competence for environmental protection, green technologies and sustainability, and as a mediator and initiator, making available experience of practical applications and strategies, offering support on all issues related to responsible conduct as regards the natural environment and its resources and assisting States to benefit from efficient development and from scientific and technology transfer.
• The World Nature Organization  promotes sustainable conduct as regards the natural environment, together with new, environments-friendly technologies, green economies and renewable energies.

India specific trivia: India is not a member

World Food Programme

Established When and by Whom:  The WFP was formally established in 1963 by the FAO and the United Nations General Assembly.

Headquarter: Rome

Key Functions:

• The WFP strives to eradicate hunger and malnutrition, with the ultimate goal in mind of eliminating the need for food aid itself.
• WFP’s efforts focus on emergency assistance, relief and rehabilitation, development aid and special operations.
• WFP food aid is also directed to fight micronutrient deficiencies, reduce child mortality, improve maternal health, and combat disease, including HIV and AIDS.
• WFP has coordinated the five-year Purchase for Progress (P4P) pilot project which assists smallholder farmers by offering them opportunities to access agricultural markets and to become competitive players in the marketplace.

Funding:  The WFP operations are funded by voluntary donations from world governments, corporations and private donors

India specific trivia: The World Food Programme has been working in India for over 50 years. In line with the developments in India, WFP has realigned its focus from a food aid provider to a catalytic partner to the Government of India, strengthening food-based social safety nets.

 

International Whaling Organization

Established When and by Whom:  The IWC was set up under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling which was signed in Washington DC on 2nd December 1946.

Headquarter:

Key Functions:

• The preamble to the Convention states that its purpose is to provide for the proper conservation of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly development of the whaling industry.
• An integral part of the Convention is its legally binding ‘Schedule.’  The Schedule sets out specific measures that the IWC has collectively decided are necessary in order to regulate whaling and conserve whale stocks.
• These measures include catch limits (which may be zero as it the case for commercial whaling) by species and area, designating specified areas as whale sanctuaries, protection of calves and females accompanied by calves, and restrictions on hunting methods. Unlike the Convention, the Schedule can be amended and updated when the Commission meets (a change requires at least three quarters majority agreement).
• There are a number of reasons why changes to the Schedule may be necessary.  These include new information from the Scientific Committee, and variations in the requirements of aboriginal subsistence whalers.
• The Commission also co-ordinates and, in several cases, funds conservation work on many species of cetacean. In addition to research, this includes building an international entanglement response capacity, working to prevent ship strikes, and establishment of Conservation Management Plans for key species and populations.
• The Commission has also adopted a Strategic Plan for Whalewatching to facilitate the further development of this activity in a way which is responsible and consistent with international best practice.

Funding:  Financial contributions from member governments form the IWC’s core income, but additional voluntary donations to support particular work programmes are generously made by non-governmental organisations (NGOs), industry bodies, and also by member governments.

India specific trivia: India is a Member

Bio-carbon Fund initiative

Established When and by Whom:  The BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes (ISFL) is a multilateral fund, supported by donor governments and managed by the World Bank. It is has been operational from 2013.

Headquarter: USA

Key Functions:

• It seeks to promote reduced greenhouse gas emissions from the land sector, from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD+), and from sustainable agriculture, as well as smarter land-use planning, policies and practices.
• The initiative will be managed by the BioCarbon Fund, a public-private program housed within the World Bank that mobilizes finance for activities that sequester or conserve carbon emissions in forest and agricultural systems.
• The new Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes seeks to scale up land-management practices across large landscapes, including improved livestock management, climate-smart agriculture, and sustainable forest management, with a focus on protecting forests and greening and securing supply chains.
• It will engage a broader range of actors, including the private sector, initially through a portfolio of four to six programs in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

Funding: Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States together committed $280 million – up to $135 million from Norway, $120 million from the U.K, and $25 million from the U.S. – as part of their efforts to slow climate change.

 

Arctic Council

Established When and by Whom: The Arctic Council was founded on the initiative of the Government of Finland in September 1989 where officials from the 8 Arctic Countries met in Rovaniemi, Finland, to discuss cooperative measures to protect the Arctic environment.

Headquarter: The location of the Secretariat was rotated biennially with the Chairmanship of the Arctic Council.

Key Functions:

The Arctic Council is an intergovernmental forum promoting cooperation, coordination, and interaction among the Arctic States, Arctic indigenous communities and other Arctic inhabitants on common Arctic issues, in particular on issues of sustainable development and environmental protection in the Arctic.

The main focus areas of the Arctic Council are:

1. The Environment and climate change
2. Bio-diversity
3. Oceans
4. The indigenous Arctic peoples

Funding: By member states

India specific trivia: India is an Observer State.

Indus River System

Indus	Ancient name → Sindhu Origin → Bokharchu Glacier, Near Mansarovar In Tibet, Called Singi Khamban / Lion’s mouth Enters In India through Ladakh, flows only in J &K Enters Pak through hair pin bend of Nanga Parbat Finally Discharges in Arabian Sea Flows approx. ( 709 / 2880 ) Km in India India uses 20 % of its water by Indo  Pak water treaty of 1960
Shyok	Originates from Rimo Glacier Known as river of death flows through Ladakh in India A tributary of the Indus River
Jhelum	Ancient name → Vitasta Origin → Verinag Spring (Kashmir) Tributary of Indus, flows only in J &K Flows Northward to Wular Lake Cut through gorge in Pir- Panjal range to reach Muzzafarabad (POK)

Chenab	Ancient name → Akshani / Iskmati Origin → Bara Lacha Pass (Himachal) Known as chandra-bhaga in Himachal Chandra River → Water flowing south from the pass Bhaga River     → Water Flowing north from the pass Flows Northward & parallel to Pir –Panjal Range for some distance Cut through gorge in Pir – Panjal & Turns southward Largest tributary of Indus, Flows through Himachal & J & K Famous Projects → Duhasti, Baglihar & Salal hydroelectric project
Ravi	Ancient name → Purushni Origin → Kullu hills near Rohtang Pass (Himachal) Tributary of Chenab Smallest of 5 rivers Flows through Indo – Pak boundary Flows northward b/w Pir – Panjal & Dhauladhar Ranges Cut a gorge through Dhauladhar range & flows southward
Beas	Ancient name → Vipasha Origin → Beas kund near Rohtang Pass, Himachal Tributary of Satluj Only river flowing entirely in India Runs southward, Cut a deep gorge in Dhauladhar & turns west to meet Satluj near Harike (Punjab) Famous Project → Pong Dam
Sutluj	Ancient name → Shatadru Origin → Rakas lake, Tibet, near Mansarovar Enter Himachal at Shipki La Pass Collects water from Ravi, Chenab, Jhelum & Beas to join Indus near Mithalkot (Pak) Famous Projects → Naptha Jhakri Project & Bhakra Nagal Dam with Govind Sagar Reservoir

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Ganga River System

• Origin → As Bhagirathi from Gangotri Glacier (Uttarkashi – Uttarakhand)
• Alakananda unites with Bhagirathi at Devprayag, Uttarakhand → Henceforth known as Ganga
• Passing through Rishikesh, it debounches in plains of Haridwar
• From Haridwar, it flows Southward to reach Allahabad where it joins Yamuna
• Near Rajmahal Hills, it turns southeast & bifurcate at Farraka into Hoogly (Kolkata) & Padma (BD)
• At Bangladesh, Ganga merges with Brahmputra (Known as Jamuna in Bangladesh) at Goalundo Ghats
• Mixture is known as Padma River

• Then it merges with Meghna & finally falls in Bay of Bengal
• Meghna → Known as Barack river in India 

• Major tributaries → Yamuna, Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, Son & Punpun

Ghaghara	Origin → Bharchachungar Glacier (Rakas lake) near Mansarovar Joins Ganga at Chhapr. Known as Manchu or Karnali in Nepal. Known as Saryu or Ghaghra in UP Perennial river Major tributaries → Sarda & Rakti
Gandak	Origin → Sino – Nepal Boundary (Dhaulagiri range) Known as Kalyani in Nepal Major River of Nepal Joins Ganga at Sonpur, Bihar
Kosi	Origin → Gosainath peak (Tibet) Merges with river Ganga at Bhagalpur (Bihar) Consists of 7 streams & known as Saptakoshi in Nepal Main stream → Arun, Tamur & Sun Koshi Formerly Known as Sorrow of Bihar Major Projects → Kusha Dam
Son	Origin → Amarkantak Plateau (Near north of origin of Narmada) Flows through Kaimur Range to meet Ganga at Patna
Gomti	Originates from Gomat Taal / Fulhaar jheel – Pilibhit A tributary of Ganga
Yamuna	Origin → Yamunotri Glacier (Uttarkashi – Uttarakhand) Largest Tributary of Ganga After cutting deep gorge across Shivalik, it enters into plains near Tajewala Flows southward up to Agra & then turns southeast to meet Ganga at Allahabad Famous tributaries → Chambal, Sind, Betwa & Ken
Betwa	Major Tributaries → Tributary of Yamuna, rises from Vindhya range, MP Major Projects       → Matatila dam & Rajghat dam
Ken	Rises from Kaimur hills in Satna (Madhya Pradesh), a tributary of Yamuna Famous for its Shajar stone &  Raneh waterfalls
Chambal	Origin → Vindhya Range (Mhow, MP) Passes through Kota & Dhaulpur (Rajasthan) Merge with Yamuna at Etawah (UP) forms boundary between Rajasthan & MP Major tributaries       → Kali Sindh, Parvati & Banas Main Power Projects → Gandhisagar, Rana Pratap Sagar & Jawahar Sagar
Banas	Originate from eastern slopes of Aravali Tributary of Chambal
Damodar	Origin → Eastern part of Chhota Nagpur Plateu Meets Hoogli at Falta Power Projects → Talaiya, Maithan, Barakar & Panchet

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Brahmaputra River System

• Origin → Chemayungdung Glacier (Kailash Range, Tibet)
• In Tibet, known as TSANG – PO
• In China, known as YARLUNG ZANBO

• Forms grand canyon in Tibet
• Turns southward near Namcha – Barwa
• Enters Arunachal Pradesh as Dihang River at Sadiya, emerging from the mountains
• Joined by Dibang river from the north & Lohit river from the south → Known as Brahamputra
• Turns at Dhubri to enter into Bangladesh
• After joining Teesta, known as Jamuna in BD
• Joins Ganga & Megna → Merges to BOB.
• Forms many river island of which Majuli is world 2^nd largest one

• Major tributaries → Dihang, Lohit, Subansiri, Teesta, Meghna (Barack in Assam), Manas 

Teesta	Major tributary of Brahmaputra Rises from Sikkim Known as lifeline of Sikkim
Lohit	Tributary of Brahmaputra Flows through Arunachal Pradesh Along with river Dihang merges into Brahmaputra, at Sadia town (Arunachal Pradesh)

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Peninsular Rivers India – Flowing East to West

Luni	Desertic river, also known as the Sagarmati Rises from the western slopes of the Aravalli Range near Ajmer Ends in the marshy lands of Rann of Kutch in Gujarat Inspite of high salinity, it is a major river in region Serves as a primary source of irrigation
Sabarmati	Rises from Dhebar lake in Aravalli Range of the Udaipur (Rajasthan) Flow Route: Udaipur → Gulf of Khambat → Arabian Sea via Estuary
Mahi	Rises from Vindhya range (MP) flows through MP, Rajasthan & Gujrat & drains in Gulf of Cambay Famous Projects → Banswara Dam & Kadana dam

Narmada	Origin → Amarkantak, Shahdol, MP Also known as Rewa River Flows through rift valley of Vindhya & Satpura Flow Route: MP → Bharuch (Gujrat) → Gulf of Khambat (Gujrat) → Arabian Sea via Estuary Longest among all east to west flowing rivers Known as Life line of MP Forms Duandhar falls at Jabalpur Only tributary → Hiran River Aliabet → Largest Island in Estuary Famous projects →Sardar Sarovar Dam, Maheshwar Dam, Indira Gandhi Sagar Dam
Tawa	Rises in the Satpura Range of Betul (MP) Narmada’s longest tributary
Tapi	Origin → Mahadev hills, Satpura range, Betul district, MP Flow Route: MP   → Maharashtra → Gulf of Khambat or Cambay → Arabian Sea via Estuary Famous projects → Kakrapar Dam & Ukai Dam
Periyar	Rises from Western Ghats in Kerala Flows towards west & drains in Arabian Sea via an estuary

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Peninsular Rivers India – Flowing West to East

Mahanadi	Origin → Dandakaranya Hills, Raipur Flow Route: Chhattisgarh → Orissa → EGs → BOB Famous Project : Hirakund Dam
Godavari	Origin → Triambakeshwar Plateau, Nashik, WGs Largest Peninsular River Known as Dakshina / Vriddha Ganga Flow Route: Nashik  → Andhra Pradesh → BOB Famous Tributaries → Penganga, Sabri, Wardha & Indravati Famous Projects     →  Poochampad,  Jayakwadi, Polavaram
Penganga	Rises from Ajanta hills (Maharashtra) a tributary of River Wardha which finally merges into Godavari

Krishna	Origin → Mahabaleshwar, Maharashtra, WGs Flow Route: Maharashtra → Andhra Pradesh → BOB Famous Projects → Koyna, Tugrabhdra, Srisailam & Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
Tungabhadra	a major tributary of Krishna Rises from Western Ghats
Bhima	Rises from Balaghat range (Maharashtra) Tributary of Krishna
Kaveri	Origin → Brahamgiri hills, Karnataka, WGs Flow Route: Karnataka → Kaveripatnam (TN) →BOB Perrenial River Forms Shivasundaram Waterfalls Famous projects → Krishnaraja sagar & Mettur
Penner	Rises from Karnataka Flows b/w Krishna & Kaveri Drains into BOB
Vaigai	Rises from Palni hills (TN) A seasonal river flows through TN Drains in Gulf of Mannar

Different forms of traditional theatre

Bhavai

• It is a traditional theatre form of Gujarat and Rajasthan.
• Kutch and Kathiawar are the main centres of this theatre form.
• It is a synthesis of devotional and romantic sentiments.
• It consists of dance to narrate series of small plays known as Vesha or Swanga.
• It is accompanied by semi-classical music.
• Bhungal, tabla, pakhaawaj, rabaah, sarangi, manjeera etc.

Nautanki

• Nautanki is popular in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It is an offshoot of Swang.
• It is mentioned in Abu Fazl’s Ain-e-Akbari.
• The theme is based on historical, social and folk tales, delivered through dance and music.
• Kanpur, Lucknow, and Hathras are the most popular centres of this theatre form.
• Dialogues are delivered in a lyrical fashion accompanied by drum beats called Nagara.

 

Rasleela

• It is a theatre form popular in Uttar Pradesh.
• It depicts the legends of Lord Krishna.
• In this theatre form, dialogues are in pros combined with songs and scenes from the pranks of Krishna.

Bhand Pather

• It is a traditional theatre form of Kashmir.
• It consists of unique combinations of dance, drama, and acting.
• Surnai, Nagara, and dhol are the instruments used in this theatre form.
• It is mainly performed by the farming community, reflecting their ideas and way of living.

Swang

• It is a popular theatre form of Punjab and Haryana.
• It is mainly a musical drama sung through verses.
• Ektara, Harmonium, Sarangi, Dholak, and Kharta are the instruments used in it.
• Rohtak and Haathras are the two important style in this theatre form.

Maach

• Maach is a theatre form of the region of Malwa in Madhya Pradesh.
• The term Maach is used for the stage as well as the play.
• It is based on mythological themes and later romantic folks tales were also included.
• Songs are given importance between the dialogues in this theatre form.
• Dialogues in this form are called Bol and Ryhm in narration is termed as Vanag.
• Tune of the theatre is known as Rangat.

Ankia Naat

• It is a theatre form present in the state of Assam.
• It was started by Shankaradeva and his disciple Mahadeva in the 16th century A.D.
• Cultural glimpses of Assam, West Bengal, Odisha, Mathura, and Brindavan can be seen this theatre form.
• The narration begins with a story in Sanskrit and later switch to Brajboli or Assamese.
• the narrator called as Suthradhar is accompanied by a group of musicians known as Gayan-Bayan Mandali who play the ‘Khol’ and cymbals.
• Use of Masks to depict special expression is one of the unique features of this theatre form.

Dashavatar

• It is the most developed theatre form of Konkan and Goa.
• The ten incarnation of Lord Vishnu– the god of preservation and creativity are personified by the performers.
• Apart from makeup, performers wear a mask of wood and papier mache.

Krishnanattam

• It is a folk theatre form of Kerala.
• It came into existence in the 17th century under the patronage of Calicut king Manavada.
• It narrates the birth, childhood pranks and various deeds depicting victory of good over evil by Sri Krishna.
• It is performed for eight consecutive days.
• Different plays are Avataram, Kaliamandana, Rasa Krida, Kamasavadha, Swayamvaram, Bhanayudham, Vivida Vadham, and Swargarohana.

Yakshagana

• It is the oldest theatre form popular in Karnataka.
• It emerged in the Vijayanagara empire and was performed by Jakkula Varu community.
• It is a descriptive dance drama.
• It is presented from dusk to dawn.
• The stories are drawn from Ramayana, Mahabharata and other epics from both Hindu and Jain tradition.

Therukooth

• Therukooth is a popular folk drama of Tamil Nadu.
• Therukooth means “street play”.
• It is performed during the annual temple festival of Mariamman(Rain God) for a rich harvest.
• It plays various themes and one the theme is based on Draupathi in Hindu epic Mahabharata.
• It is a combination of song, music, dance, and drama.
• Harmonium, drums, and cymbals are the instrument used in it.

Koodiyattam

• It is Sanskritic theatre tradition of Kerala.
• Chakyaar(actor), Nambiar(instrumentalist) and Nangyaar( those taking woman’s role) are the main characters of Koodiyattam.
• The main protagonists are Suthradhar(narrator) and the Vidushak(jesters). Dialogues are delivered by Vidushak alone.
• Hand gestures and eye movements are the features of this theatre form.

Villu Paatu

• It is a musical theatre popular in Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
• Villu Paatu means bow-song.
• In this, using a bow-shaped instrument, the stories of Ramayana are narrated.

Mudiyettu

• Mudiyettu is a traditional folk theatre of Kerala.
• It is performed in the month of Vrichigam. ie November-December.
• It is performed only in Kali Temple as a presentation to Goddess.
• It is a part of Bhadrakali cult. It depicts the triumph of Goddess Bhadrakali over the asura Darika.
• Mudiyettu is performed by Marar and Karuppu community.
• Shiva, Narada, Darika, Danavendra, Bhadrakali, Kooli, and Koimbidar are the seven charaters of Mudiyettu.
• In 2010, Mudiyettu was inscribed in the UNESCO’s Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity after Koodiyattam

Some of the other important theatre forms are Kala of Vaishnaite tradition, Bhuta in Karnataka, Daskathia in Odisha, Garodas in Gujarat, Jatras in Eastern India, Kariyila in Himachal Pradesh, Powda in Maharashtra, Burra Katha in Andhra Pradesh, Bayalata in Karnataka and Kuruvanji in Tamil Nadu.

Dear students,

We understand that the UPSC exam is a generalist exam. It’s more important to cover more issues than to cover one issue in more depth. Hence, through Samachar Manthan, we are trying to maintain a fine balance of covering many important news items and having a detailed discussion on selected topics which require the same. On daily basis a news gets repeated multiple times. Scattered knowledge is not adequately useful when you have to write a 200 words answer within 6-7 minutes. To handle this, Samachar manthan covers such issues in a comprehensive and consolidated manner which is the smart strategy.

Benefits of Samachar Manthan

• Packed 3 – 3.5 hours Weekly videos will focus on news and its importance from both prelims and mains perspective.
• This program will also help you understand how to utilize current affairs in all your prelims and mains papers.
• This ideology makes this course the best utilization of your time.
• Detailed coverage would mean analysis from all the angles like background or history, features, significance, challenges and way forward. Also, multiple sources like epw, diplomat magazine etc will be referred to in the video lectures.
• Such an approach will help in writing multidimensional answers.
• Also which part of the topic is important from mains and prelims perspective will also be discussed.
• Audio Visual Learning is more impactful than simply glancing through the material. So that you are able to retain information for long also interlink with any new information you get.
• 4 stage structure of Video->Notes->testing->review to perfect your preparation
• The sequence of video->Notes->testing->review is the best way to ensure maximum retention and a rock solid preparation. Each component of the program has been meticulously crafted.

For example this week, we will be covering the following issues;

Economics
[op-ed snap] Slowing down fast: Industrial growth
Renewable Energy Certificates
[op-ed snap] Hard landing: Jet Airways’ temporary halt
[op-ed snap] Capital gains

Enviro & Biodiversity
[pib] Resilient Cities Asia-Pacific (RCAP) Congress
Long Period Average: The IMD yardstick for determining rainfall
Western Disturbances
The Face of Disasters 2019 Report
[op-ed snap] Humanise the law

Governance
India short of 6 lakh doctors, 2 million nurses: U.S. study
Explained: What Supreme Court said on petition to disqualify tainted candidates
[op-ed snap] The ethical act of voting
[op-ed snap] The Lack of a Legal Status for the Model Code of Conduct Leaves Room for Ambiguity
CSIR plans genome sequencing to map population diversity
[op-ed snap] A manifesto for health

International Relations
Bhutan govt to place bill for ratification of BBIN initiative at its upper senate
[op-ed snap] Indian elections, South Asian concerns
External Affairs Ministry sets up Indo-Pacific Wing
China backs “Wuhan spirit” despite differences on BRI
[op-ed snap] A bad deal

Polity
[op-ed snap] Level-playing field matters
How Justice Chandrachud’s dissent on Aadhaar influenced Jamaica ruling
[op-ed snap] Indelicate imbalance
[op-ed snap] Sealed disclosure
[op-ed snap] The legacy of Ambedkar
Voting rights of undertrials and convicts

Science Tech
CSIR plans genome sequencing to map population diversity
Saturn’s moon Titan has 100-m deep methane lakes
Universe’s first molecule detected in space

Security Issues
India successfully test-fires Sub-sonic cruise Missile Nirbhay

Trivia
Explained: History behind Notre Dame- Soul of the French nation

 

And these issues will be covered in detail

• Genome Sequencing
• Wuhan Spirit
• Loc Trade Suspension
• Industrial Growth
• Aviation Sector Concerns

So to be thorough in your preparation and to have an integrated approach, join Samachar Manthan here.

 

Technology and Energy Security

Report name – Technical Cooperation Report

Issuing agency – IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)

 

Report name – Nuclear Technology Review

Issuing agency – IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)

 

Report name – Safety Reports

Issuing agency – ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization)

 

 

Report name – Global Innovation Index

Issuing agency – Cornell University INSEAD and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

 

Report name – World Energy Outlook (WEO)

Issuing agency – International Energy Agency

 

Report name – Southeast Asia Energy Outlook

Issuing agency – International Energy Agency

 

Report name – OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report

Issuing agency – OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries )

 

Report name – World Oil Outlook

Issuing agency – OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)

 

Report name – World Intellectual Property Report (WIPR)

Issuing agency – WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)

 

 

Report name – Global Information Technology Report

Issuing agency – WEF (World Economic Forum)

 

Report name – The Energy Report

Issuing agency – WWF (World Wildlife Fund)

 

Social development

Report name – Global Wage Report

Issuing agency – ILO (International Labour Organization)

 

Report name – World Employment and Social Outlook

Issuing agency – ILO (International Labour Organization)

 

Report name – World Social Protection Report

Issuing agency – ILO (International Labour Organization)

 

Report name – Global Hunger Index

Issuing agency – Welthungerhilfe and Concern Worldwide

 

Report name – World Happiness Report

Issuing agency – Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN)

 

 

Report name – Global Corruption Report (GCR)

Issuing agency – Transparency International

 

 

Report name – Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report

Issuing agency – UN Inter-agency Group

 

 

Report name – The State of the World’s Children reports

Issuing agency – UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund )

 

 

Report name – Report on Regular Resources

Issuing agency – UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund )

 

Report name – The Global Report

Issuing agency – UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees). To read more about UNHCR, click here and here.

 

Report name – State of world population

Issuing agency – UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund)

 

Report name – Global education monitoring Report

Issuing agency – UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)

 

Report name – Global Gender Gap Report

Issuing Agency – World Economic Forum (WEF)

 

 

Report name – Human Capital Report 2016

Issuing agency – World Economic Forum

 

Security Issues

Report name – World Wildlife Crime Report

Issuing agency – UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)

 

 

Report name – World Drug Report

Issuing agency – UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)

 

Report name – Global Report on Trafficking in Persons

Issuing agency – UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)

 

Report name – Reports on Counterfeiting and Organized Crime

Issuing agency – UNICRI (United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute)

 

Report name – Global Money Laundering Report

Issuing agency – FATF (Financial Action Task Force)