CJI assures ‘complete transparency’ in Collegium System

Why in the News? Recently, CJI B.R. Gavai affirmed that the collegium system will ensure merit, transparency, and inclusive representation, and will not be swayed by external pressures. What is the Collegium System? About: The Collegium System is the process by which judges are appointed and transferred in the Supreme Court and High Courts of… Continue reading

Oil Exploration in the Andaman Basin

Why in the News? The Union Minister for Petroleum has revealed that India is on the brink of a Guyana-like oil discovery in the Andaman Sea Do you know? Guyana, now a major oil-producing nation, has seen 47% average real GDP growth since 2022, driven by offshore oil. About the Oil Exploration in Andaman… Continue reading

[pib] SAKSHAM-3000

Why in the News? The Ministry of Communications has launched SAKSHAM-3000, a 25.6 Tbps indigenous switch-cum-router, to boost India’s data, cloud, and telecom infrastructure, marking a major leap in advanced networking technology. What is SAKSHAM-3000? Overview: It is a high-speed switch-cum-router developed by the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) to strengthen India’s digital infrastructure.… Continue reading

Who are the Girmitiyas?

Why in the News? PM Narendra Modi, while speaking in Trinidad and Tobago, paid tribute to the Girmitiyas—19th-century indentured Indian labourers who helped shape Indo-Caribbean culture. About Girmitiyas: Overview: The word “Girmitiya” comes from “agreement,” which was pronounced as “girmit” by Indian labourers who signed contracts to work abroad. Origin of the Labourers: Most Girmitiyas… Continue reading

National Sports Policy, 2025

Why in the News? The Union Cabinet recently approved the National Sports Policy, 2025. About the National Sports Policy, 2025: It is a comprehensive policy approved by the Union Cabinet to transform India into a leading sporting nation. It replaces the earlier 2001 policy and aligns with the vision of Viksit Bharat @2047 and the… Continue reading

[4th July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Socialism, Secularism are the spirit of the Constitution

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2024] Discuss India as a secular state and compare with the secular principles of the US Constitution. Linkage: This question directly addresses India’s secular character. The article explicitly defines Indian secularism not as “mere religious neutrality but the positive assurance that the state will treat all religions equally, protect the rights of… Continue reading

Careful curation: On Bihar’s Special Intensive Revision of electoral rolls

Why in the News? The Election Commission of India (ECI) is currently carrying out a Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of the voter list in Bihar. This has caused political and social concerns because the ECI is focusing only on verifying “ordinary residents” and has given a very short deadline ending on July 31 for this… Continue reading

170th Anniversary of Santhal Revolt

Why in the News? Jharkhand on observed ‘Hul’ Diwas to commemorate the rebellion’s 170th anniversary of Santhal Revolt which was held on June 30, 1855. About the Santhal Revolt: Overview: The Santhal Hul (Revolt) began on June 30, 1855, in present-day Jharkhand, and is observed annually as Hul Diwas. The ‘Hul’: It means revolution, symbolising… Continue reading

Child Adoption in India

Why in the News? In a major step toward digital adoption reform, Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) has confirmed that digitally certified adoption orders sent by e-mail are now legally valid under current rules. Child Adoption in India: Legal Framework and Process Adoption in India is governed by multiple laws, depending on the religion and… Continue reading

Species in news: Garcinia kusumae

Why in the News? Researchers in Assam have discovered a new tree species, Garcinia kusumae, locally called thoikora, adding to the Garcinia genus in a notable botanical find. About Garcinia kusumae: Species Identity: Garcinia kusumae is a newly discovered evergreen tree species that is endemic to Assam, India. Genus and Local Name: It belongs to… Continue reading

Biomarkers of Healthy Aging, Resilience, Adversity, and Transitions (BHARAT)

Why in the News? IISc Bengaluru has launched BHARAT (Biomarkers of Healthy Aging, Resilience, Adversity, and Transitions), a pioneering study exploring the biology, lifestyle, and environment behind Aging. About the BHARAT Project: Scientific Launch: It is a nationwide research initiative by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru. Primary Goal: It aims to build India’s… Continue reading

Endocrine Disruptors in Plastic Waste

Why in the News? Microplastics and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are infiltrating the human body, affecting everything from reproduction to cancer risk, metabolism, and child development. About Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: What They Are: Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals interfere with the body’s hormone system, affecting growth, reproduction, mood, and metabolism. How They Work: They mimic or block natural hormones like… Continue reading

[3rd July 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Rephasing global development finance

PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2014] Some of the International funding agencies have special terms for economic participation stipulating a substantial component of the aid to be used for sourcing equipment from the leading countries. Discuss on merits of such terms and if, there exists a strong case not to accept such conditions in the Indian context.… Continue reading

Under fire: The state must enforce compliance of regulations in the fireworks industry

Why in the News? A tragic pattern keeps repeating in Tamil Nadu’s firecracker industry, especially in Virudhunagar district, where frequent explosions continue to injure and kill workers. In the first half of 2025 alone, eight accidents have taken 26 lives—adding to a steady trend of 52 deaths in 2024 and 79 in 2023. What causes… Continue reading

Custodial deaths: police convictions remain zero in T.N. and beyond

Why in the News? The custodial death of Ajith Kumar in Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu, has once again sparked widespread anger across the country over police brutality and the lack of accountability in such cases. Note: Custodial death refers to the death of a person while in police or judicial custody, due to torture,… Continue reading

Dalai Lama and His Reincarnation

Why in the News? Turning 90 on July 6, 2025, the 14th Dalai Lama gave his clearest message yet that the Dalai Lama lineage will continue, challenging China’s stance. Who is the Dalai Lama? Spiritual Head: The Dalai Lama leads the Gelug (Yellow Hat) school, the most influential tradition in Tibetan Buddhism. Meaning: The title… Continue reading

New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG)

Why in the News? With focus shifting to COP30, climate finance is in the spotlight as the Fourth International Financing for Development Conference (FfD4) works to finalise the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) — a more ambitious target to replace the unmet $100 billion annual pledge. About New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG): Overview: It is… Continue reading

Places in News: Kariyachalli Island

Why in the News? The Tamil Nadu government, with World Bank support, has launched a ₹50 crore restoration project for the sinking Kariyachalli Island. About Kariyachalli Island: Overview: Kariyachalli Island is one of the 21 uninhabited islands in the Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park. Geographic Location: It lies 4 km south of Sippikulam and… Continue reading

Why Tigers keep migrating?

Why in the News? India’s tiger population is undergoing a major eastward expansion, as young male tigers from central India’s source reserves (like Kanha and Bandhavgarh) disperse into eastern forests (Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal) in search of territory and mates. Recent Incidents of Tiger Migration: Bandhavgarh (MP) → Palamu (Jharkhand) → Purulia (WB) →… Continue reading

[pib] Indian Scientists created high-performance Supercapacitor Material

Why in the News? Scientists from Bengaluru, in collaboration with Aligarh Muslim University, have developed an advanced material that significantly improves supercapacitor performance. What are Supercapacitors? Fast-Charging Energy Devices: Supercapacitors are special tools that store and release energy very quickly, much faster than regular batteries. Used in Modern Technology: They are found in phones, electric… Continue reading

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