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[30th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: SSTC is more than a diplomatic phrase
PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2021] If the last few decades were of Asia’s growth story, the next few are expected to be of Africa’s.” In the light of this statement, examine India’s influence in Africa in recent years. Linkage: South-South Cooperation is the foundation of India–Africa engagement. India’s role in Africa through capacity building (ITEC), concessional… Continue reading [30th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: SSTC is more than a diplomatic phrase
An anti-terror role that defies logic
Introduction The global fight against terrorism is rooted in credibility, trust, and collective responsibility. Yet, the United Nations’ recent decision to entrust Pakistan with leadership positions in the Taliban Sanctions Committee and as Vice-Chair of the UNSC Counter-Terrorism Committee has sparked disbelief. For a country long accused of sheltering terrorists, from Osama bin Laden to… Continue reading An anti-terror role that defies logic
More Women employed in agriculture, but half of them are unpaid
Introduction Women-led development is increasingly recognised as a structural game-changer for India’s economic ambitions. Nowhere is this more urgent than in agriculture, which not only sustains livelihoods but also employs the largest share of India’s female workforce. However, while women’s participation in farming has risen sharply due to men shifting to non-farm jobs, their contributions… Continue reading More Women employed in agriculture, but half of them are unpaid
Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA) Project
Why in the News? Scientists are planning the Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA) Project on the Moon to bypass seismic noise, atmosphere, and frequency limits faced by Earth-based detectors like Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). What are Gravitational Waves? Overview: Gravitational waves are ripples in the spacetime continuum created when massive objects such as black… Continue reading Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA) Project
[pib] Siphon-Based Thermal Desalination System
Why in the News? Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have developed a siphon-based thermal desalination system that overcomes siltation issues, offering a low-cost and scalable solution. About Siphon-Based Thermal Desalination System: Overview: Developed by Indian Institute of Science (IISc) researchers to overcome the inefficiencies of conventional solar stills. Purpose: Designed as a… Continue reading [pib] Siphon-Based Thermal Desalination System
Kokrajhar-Gelephu and Banarhat-Samtse Railway Lines to Bhutan
Why in the News? India and Bhutan have launched their first-ever rail links, connecting Kokrajhar–Gelephu (69 km, Assam–Bhutan) and Banarhat–Samtse (20 km, West Bengal–Bhutan). About India–Bhutan Railway Connectivity: Overview: Agreements were signed during PM Modi’s visit to Bhutan (March 2024) and formalised in 2025. Projects: Kokrajhar–Gelephu line: 6 stations, multiple bridges, viaducts, designed for Vande… Continue reading Kokrajhar-Gelephu and Banarhat-Samtse Railway Lines to Bhutan
Bihar adds 2 more Wetlands to Ramsar List
Why in the News? India has added two new wetlands in Bihar, Gokul Jalashay (Buxar district) and Udaipur Jheel (West Champaran district), to the global Ramsar list of Wetlands of International Importance. Important Facts: With this, India’s Ramsar sites rise to 93, consolidating its top rank in Asia and third in the world, after the… Continue reading Bihar adds 2 more Wetlands to Ramsar List
What is Wassenaar Arrangement?
Why in the News? Protests erupted over Microsoft after allegations that its cloud services (Azure) are aiding Israeli military operations, harming Palestinian civilians, raising concerns under the Wassenaar Arrangement. What is Wassenaar Arrangement? Establishment: Created in 1996 as a successor to the Cold War-era COCOM (Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls). Name Origin: Named after… Continue reading What is Wassenaar Arrangement?
World’s highest bridge opens to traffic in ChinaÂ
Why in the News? The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge in Guizhou province, China, is now the world’s tallest bridge, standing 625 m above the Beipan River. About Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge: Height: Rises 625 m above the Beipan River, surpassing the previous record-holder, the Beipanjiang Bridge (565 m). Connectivity: Links the Liuzhi Special District and… Continue reading World’s highest bridge opens to traffic in ChinaÂ
[29th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: An Engel’s pause in an AI-shaped world
PYQ Relevance [UPSC 2023] Introduce the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI). How does AI help clinical diagnosis? Do you perceive any threat to privacy of the individual in the use of AI in the healthcare? Linkage: This question reflects the exact dilemma discussed in the Engels’ pause analogy—AI promises higher productivity (e.g., clinical diagnosis, efficiency)… Continue reading [29th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: An Engel’s pause in an AI-shaped world
What an empty plate of food should symbolise
Introduction Globally, nearly one-third of all food produced is lost or wasted, undermining both food security and climate action. For India, the cost of post-harvest losses is about â‚ą1.5 trillion every year, almost 3.7% of its agricultural GDP. Beyond economics, this wastage squanders nutrition, water, energy, and labour, aggravating the climate crisis. The problem is… Continue reading What an empty plate of food should symbolise
Analysing Indian State’s macro-fiscal health
Introduction India’s federal system depends heavily on States for delivering core welfare, infrastructure, and development. For much of the 2000s, reforms and tax buoyancy allowed States to report surpluses, better spending, and healthier balance sheets. However, the COVID-19 pandemic marked a turning point: revenues plummeted while emergency spending skyrocketed, forcing States into unprecedented borrowing. The… Continue reading Analysing Indian State’s macro-fiscal health
Cold Desert named India’s 13th UNESCO Biosphere Reserve
Why in the News? UNESCO added India’s Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR) to the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) under the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) programme. With this, India now has 13 UNESCO-recognized biosphere reserves out of 18 designated nationally. What are UNESCO Biosphere Reserves? Overview: Sites integrating biodiversity conservation + cultural heritage… Continue reading Cold Desert named India’s 13th UNESCO Biosphere Reserve
National Security Act of 1980
Why in the News? Climate activist Sonam Wangchuk, leading the demand for statehood and Sixth Schedule protections for Ladakh, was detained under the National Security Act (NSA) in Leh. About the National Security Act, 1980: Enactment: Passed on 23 September 1980; applicable across India (earlier not in Jammu & Kashmir). Constitutional Basis: Rooted in Article… Continue reading National Security Act of 1980
India’s first space observatory AstroSat completes 10 years
Why in the News? AstroSat, India’s first multi-wavelength space observatory has completed 10 years on September 28, 2025, boosting India’s role in multi-messenger astronomy. What is Multi-Messenger Astronomy? Overview: A modern approach that uses different cosmic messengers to study the universe, not just light. Messengers: Light (photons): Radio, visible, UV, X-ray, gamma rays. Gravitational waves:… Continue reading India’s first space observatory AstroSat completes 10 years
[pib] Who was Rani Rashmoni (1793-1861)?
Why in the News? The Prime Minister has paid tribute to Rani Rashmoni on her birth anniversary on 28th September. Who was Rani Rashmoni (1793–1861)? Overview: A prominent zamindar, businesswoman, philanthropist, and social reformer from 19th-century Bengal. Birth: Born on 28 September 1793 in Halisahar, Bengal. Marriage: Married at the age of 11 to Raja… Continue reading [pib] Who was Rani Rashmoni (1793-1861)?
[pib] The Indian Ports Act, 2025
Why in the News? The Indian Ports Act, 2025 enacted in August, repealing the age-old Indian Ports Act of 1908 seeks to establish a more modern legal and institutional framework for India’s port sector. About Indian Ports Act, 2025: Overview: Enacted in August 2025, replacing the Indian Ports Act of 1908 to modernize India’s port… Continue reading [pib] The Indian Ports Act, 2025
Ganga River is drying faster than in 1,300 years: Report
Why in the News? A recent study by researchers from IIT Gandhinagar and the University of Arizona warns that the Ganga River is drying at a rate unseen in more than a millennium. About Drying of the Ganga River: New Study Findings Overview: Reconstructed streamflow since 700 AD using tree-ring records (Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas)… Continue reading Ganga River is drying faster than in 1,300 years: Report
[27th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Incentives for shipbuilding must include longterm offtake possibilities
PYQ Relevance: [UPSC 2013] Adoption of PPP model for infrastructure development of the country has not been free from criticism. Critically discuss the pros and cons of the PPP model. Linkage: India’s shipbuilding revival package too hinges on state support plus private shipowner participation, much like PPP projects, where delays, cost overruns, and weak ancillary… Continue reading [27th September 2025] The Hindu Op-ed: Incentives for shipbuilding must include longterm offtake possibilities
