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Subject: Agriculture

  • Elaborate the scope and significance of supply chain management of agricultural commodities in India.

    The agricultural supply chain refers to activities involved in moving agricultural produce from farm to consumers.

    Scope of Supply Chain Management of Agricultural Commodities

    Post-Harvest Management- Handling, cleaning, grading, drying to reduce losses.

    Storage & Warehousing – Scientific storage, packhouses, warehouses, silos.

    Cold Chain for Perishables – Pre-cooling, refrigerated transport, cold storages.

    Transportation & Logistics – Efficient transport, aggregation, multimodal connectivity. Eg- Kisan Rail.

    Organised Retail & Export Integration: Connecting farmers with supermarkets, processors, exporters, and e-commerce channels. Eg- e-NAM

    Value Addition & Processing – packaging, branding, food processing.

    Export & Quality Compliance – Eg- SPS standards, AGMARK, FSSAI certification

    Significance of Supply Chain Management

    Reduces Post-Harvest Losses: India loses nearly (FAO).

    Enhances Farmer Income due to reduced intermediaries. Eg- FPOs increase farmer income by 20-25% (SFAC).

    Price Stability: Better logistics reduce volatility and transaction costs.

    Boosts Agri-Exports due to better quality products & cold chain infrastructure. Eg- $53 billion in 2022-23.

    Promotes Crop Diversification: Encourages high-value crops like horticulture, dairy, spices, and fisheries.

    Strengthens Food & Nutritional Security: Efficient supply chains ensure timely availability and safe, hygienic food across regions.

    Supports Rural Employment & Agri-Processing: Creates jobs in storage, logistics, milling, packaging, and retail.

    Challenges to Agricultural Supply Chain Management

    High Post-Harvest Losses: 6-18% losses due to poor handling, storage gaps, and weak cold chain.

    Inadequate Infrastructure: Limited cold storages, packhouses, rural warehouses, and multimodal logistics.

    Fragmented Supply Chains: Small landholdings (0.74 Hectare) and inefficient APMCs

    Low Digital Adoption: Eg- only around 1500 APMCs integrated with APMCs

    Strengthening supply chain management is key to ‘Doubling Farmers Income’. This can be done through

    Expand modern storage

    Promote FPO-led aggregation

    Reform APMC laws

    Promote value addition and FPIs.

    Develop export-oriented supply chains with SPS labs and certification.

    Enhance multimodal logistics

  • Consider the following statements

    Consider the following statements :
    1. The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices recommends the Minimum Support Prices for 32 crops.
    2. The Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution has launched the National Food Security Mission.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

  • Consider the following statements

    Consider the following statements :
    1. Sweet orange plant is propagated by grafting technique
    2. Jasmine plant is propagated by layering technique.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

  • Consider the following statements

    Consider the following statements:
    1. The Union Government fixes the Statutory Minimum Price of sugarcane for each sugar season
    2. Sugar and sugarcane are essential commodities under the Essential Commodities Act
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • Consider the following statements

    Consider the following statements:
    1. Maize can be used for the production of starch.
    2. Oil extracted from maize can be a feedstock for biodiesel.
    3. Alcoholic beverages can be produced by using maize.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • Consider the following pairs

    Consider the following pairs:
    Region : Well-known for the production of
    1. Kinnaur : Arecanut
    2. Mewat : Mango
    3. Coromondal : Soyabean
    Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

  • Consider the following

    Consider the following:

    1. Areca nut
    2. Barley
    3. Coffee
    4. Finger millet
    5. Groundnut
    6. Sesamum
    7. Turmeric

    The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affair, has announced the Minimum Support Prick for which of the above?

  • Consider the following statements

    Consider the following statements:

    1. Agricultural soils release nitrogen oxides into environment.
    2. Cattle release ammonia into environment.
    3. Poultry industry releases reactive nitrogen compounds into environment.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • Consider the following statements

    Consider the following statements:
    1. In the case of all cereals, pulses and oil-seeds, the procurement at Minimum Support
    Price (MSP) is unlimited in any State/UT of India.
    2. In the case of cereals and pulses, the MSP is fixed in any State/UT at a level to which
    the market price will never rise.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  • Consider the following activities

    Consider the following activities:
    1. Spreading finely ground basalt rock on farmlands extensively
    2. Increasing the alkalinity of oceans by adding lime
    3. Capturing carbon dioxide released by various industries and pumping it into abandoned subterranean mines in the form of carbonated waters
    How many of the above activities are often considered and discussed for carbon capture and sequestration?