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Q.2) What was the objective of the creation of All-India Services by the makers of our Constitution? But there are inherent issues in the All-India Services where the officers are formally appointed by the Union but work in the State cadres under the control of the respective State. (15 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/the-rope-of-federalism-and-an-unwanted-tug-of-war/article34784553.ece In the intro, mention Article in the Constitution dealing with the All India Services and its creation. In the body mention the purpose of creation of All-India Services such as uniformity and high standard and securing administrative unity etc. In the next part mention the issues of control of the State and… Continue reading Q.2) What was the objective of the creation of All-India Services by the makers of our Constitution? But there are inherent issues in the All-India Services where the officers are formally appointed by the Union but work in the State cadres under the control of the respective State. (15 marks)

Q.1) How Japanese revolution was markedly different from its Western Counterparts? In your opinion, what are the lessons that India can draw from Japanese revolution. (15 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduce your answer with writing “what is Industrial Revolution”. In main body first talk about Japanese revolution and how it was different from other western revolutions English, German, French etc. In second part, write your opinion what are various lessons that India can learn from Japanese revolution so to become a developed nation… Continue reading Q.1) How Japanese revolution was markedly different from its Western Counterparts? In your opinion, what are the lessons that India can draw from Japanese revolution. (15 marks)

Q.4) Today we live in the world of social media. In this age the question of individual privacy has gained utmost importance. Various social media platforms has declared individual privacy as the centre of their policies and has focused on end to end encryption. This focus on privacy at times exploited anti-social elements to arrange funds for their activities or promote their agenda beyond the eyes of law enforcement agencies. Consequently there is a tussle between sovereign governments on one hand and social media platforms on other. For social media platforms the end user is all that matters and their privacy is of utmost important. While, for government to perform its sovereign functions some knowledge of peoples activities on social media platforms is must. (a). What are the Ethical issues involved in this case? (b). In your opinion what should be focused- individual privacy or sovereign functions? (c). What do you think should be the main provision of Government’s social media policy? (20 marks

Q.3) Financial capital is just one of the multiple capitals a successful company must possess. This brings sustainability into the focus. In light of this, discuss the factors that are forcing the companies to factor in the sustainability in their business models. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s comments” https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/the-sustainability-heat-on-companies/2268494/ In the intro, mention Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR) by SEBI to be mandatory for the top 1000 companies from the next year. In the body discuss three undercurrents that is compelling the companies to consider the impact of their operation on the climate, these three undercurrents are investors’ pull, regulatory push… Continue reading Q.3) Financial capital is just one of the multiple capitals a successful company must possess. This brings sustainability into the focus. In light of this, discuss the factors that are forcing the companies to factor in the sustainability in their business models. (10 marks)

Q.2) In discussions on reforms, or debates about public expenditure, there is an excessive focus on the Union government. However, on reforms and public expenditures, we also need to focus on scrutinising the states. Comment. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s comments” https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/reforms-and-public-expenditures-lets-not-forget-to-scrutinise-states-7351650/ In the intro, mention the importance of scrutiny of three arms i.e. executive, legislature and judiciary. In the body, mention how actions of the centre are rigorously scrutinised for example attention given to recommendations of the Union Finance Commission, scrutiny of the expenditure of the union, and the acts passed by the union… Continue reading Q.2) In discussions on reforms, or debates about public expenditure, there is an excessive focus on the Union government. However, on reforms and public expenditures, we also need to focus on scrutinising the states. Comment. (10 marks)

Q.1) “Path that India followed since 1947 has strong impression of its struggle for Independence” Comment (10 marks)

“Mentor’s comments” Introduce answer with the Your understanding of the statement. In main body, depict how various political-ideological features acquired by India during freedom struggle had decisive impact on post independence development path/ policies. Conclude your answer by pointing out the deepness of this impact that even various challenges that India faced after Independence could… Continue reading Q.1) “Path that India followed since 1947 has strong impression of its struggle for Independence” Comment (10 marks)

Q.3) What is genomic sequencing and how it could help in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic? Suggest the steps India need to take to use genomic sequencing in curbing the pandemic. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/bring-genomic-sequencing-into-the-pandemic-fight/article34764517.ece In the intro, mention that mutations in virus make any efforts at containing pandemic a difficult task. In the body explain the importance of genomic sequencing and how it could help in detecting the changes in virus and its implications for containing the pandemic and its spread. Mention the setting up of… Continue reading Q.3) What is genomic sequencing and how it could help in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic? Suggest the steps India need to take to use genomic sequencing in curbing the pandemic. (10 marks)

Q.2) “Reactive content moderation efforts are simply inadequate without a serious review of the business model that underpins much of the drivers of disinformation and misinformation on the social media platforms.” Critically examine. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/human-rights-supreme-court-of-india-free-speech-unhrc-7350022/ In the intro, mention the UNHRC report ‘‘Disinformation and Freedom of Opinion and Expression”. In the body, discuss the threat posed by social media in the form of misinformation and disinformation. Next, mention how these issues stem from the business models of these social media companies and mention the need for a… Continue reading Q.2) “Reactive content moderation efforts are simply inadequate without a serious review of the business model that underpins much of the drivers of disinformation and misinformation on the social media platforms.” Critically examine. (10 marks)

Q4.) “When life has commitment towards human values such as Compassion and non violence, then life flows in proper direction”. Illustrate the importance of human values in the light of the above statement. (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduction – what do you mean by flow of life in right direction. Body – explain how compassion and non- violence led to life in that proper direction. You can use determinants of proper life like – happiness, peaceful, purposeful, life in line with Dharma, service to weaker etc. Conclusion – conclude highlighting… Continue reading Q4.) “When life has commitment towards human values such as Compassion and non violence, then life flows in proper direction”. Illustrate the importance of human values in the light of the above statement. (10 Marks)

Q.3) What are the different types of vaccines developed for the Covid-19 in the world? Explain the working of mRNA vaccines. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” In the intro mention how Covid-19 has brought into focus the importance of vaccines. In the body, mention four types of vaccines such as whole virus vaccine, viral vector vaccines, protein subunit and mRNA vaccine. In the next part, explain the working of mRNA vaccines and how it is different from the other… Continue reading Q.3) What are the different types of vaccines developed for the Covid-19 in the world? Explain the working of mRNA vaccines. (10 marks)

Q.2) The idea of a global democratic coalition that is based more broadly than the geographic West has gained ground in recent years. This offers India an opportunity to expand the global dimension of India’s growing partnerships with the US and Europe. Comment (10 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/g-7-virtual-meet-united-kingdom-india-and-the-west-relations-7348541/ In the intro, mention the deterioration of relations with China and India’s growing tilt towards the West. In the body, mention how changing geopolitical circumstances such as the rise of China and the perceived US decline offers India an opportunity to expand partnership which include a strong bilateral strategic cooperation with the… Continue reading Q.2) The idea of a global democratic coalition that is based more broadly than the geographic West has gained ground in recent years. This offers India an opportunity to expand the global dimension of India’s growing partnerships with the US and Europe. Comment (10 marks)

Q.1) Several foreigners made India their homeland and participated in various movements. Analyze their role in the Indian struggle for freedom. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduce your answer with nature of foreign rule in India. Body- Write about how several foreigners who were aware about the real nature of British rule and moved my the suffering of Indian masses joined Indian struggle for freedom and contributed to it in various capacity. Conclude with writeup that depict long lasting… Continue reading Q.1) Several foreigners made India their homeland and participated in various movements. Analyze their role in the Indian struggle for freedom. (10 marks)

Q.3) The digital payment boom in India is indicative of a larger paradigm shift in the ease of access to financial services. In light of this, examine the role played by JAM trinity in increasing financial inclusion in India. (10 marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” –https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/digital-payment-boom-financial-inclusion-covid-pandemic-7344673/ -In the intro, mention that India surpassed China in terms of number of digital payments.  -In the body mention factors such as government policies, pandemic induced behavioral changes and innovations in fintech as some of the factors. In the next part, mention how JAM trinity helped in furthering the financial inclusion.  –… Continue reading Q.3) The digital payment boom in India is indicative of a larger paradigm shift in the ease of access to financial services. In light of this, examine the role played by JAM trinity in increasing financial inclusion in India. (10 marks)

Q. 2) The fiscal and economic cost associated with frequent elections in India are enormous. Is simultaneous elections a solution? What are the concerns with it? (10 Marks)

  “Mentor’s Comments” –https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/why-simultaneous-polls-is-an-idea-whose-time-has-come-7344586/ -In the intro, mention that the idea of simultaneous polls was first mooted in 1983. -In Body write about various costs in term of lost time, cost overruns due to MCC, costs to the political parties, loss of leadership, cost due to poor or no delivery of welfare services etc. In… Continue reading Q. 2) The fiscal and economic cost associated with frequent elections in India are enormous. Is simultaneous elections a solution? What are the concerns with it? (10 Marks)

Q.1) “The 19th century reforms movements were not just socio-religious movements rather they affected every aspect of Indian life” Elucidate. What were their limitations? (15 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” Introduce your answer with a brief write-up about the 19th century reforms movements. In body first talk about briefly their socio-religious nature than elaborate how it affected the every aspect of Indian life. Then write the limitations of the movements. Conclude with arguments depicting effect of these movements on Indian freedom struggle.

Q.4) India is world’s largest democracy. In democracy, elections provide an opportunity to ascertain the popular will in regard to the governance of the country. Election is the act of choosing an individual usually for holding public office through free will of the people in a representative democracy. India opted for universal adult franchise. There were many questions raised about efficacy of this that how illiterate people will be able to use vote which is a rational exercise. There was fear that corrupt practices along with misuse of money and muscle power will crave in which will be used to manipulate and sway the popular will in election. Over the years this fear has been proven right by increase number of criminal in politics, issue of capturing of huge amount of illegal money during election and rising cost of elections India .The growing greed for power has turned a sacrosanct activity into a showcase for power and a festival of corruption. In one such case of ongoing election in state assembly it was found that an EVM used for election is found in car of one political party’s member after election is over in the constituency xyz. This has raised issues rigging of election and question on impartiality of election commission of India. Other parties in state has taken this issue to social media and demanding re-election in the entire state which is a costly exercise. There are election scheduled for other states assembly in next month. (a). What are the Ethical issues involved in the above case? (b). Should india reconsider its decision of universal adult franchise and give voting right based on some qualification which include paying taxes , literacy etc. (c). What steps you would suggest so that election again become a festival of democracy in spirit and letter. (20 Marks)

Q.3) How the challenge of taming the inflation for RBI is different during the second covid wave as compared to the first? How RBI dealt with the ‘impossible trinity’ during the two waves? (10 Marks)

“Mentor’s Comments” https://www.livemint.com/opinion/columns/prices-profits-and-the-pandemic-what-rbi-could-do-11622657858665.html In the intro, mention the important role played by the central bank during both the waves to soften the blows of pandemic for economy. In the body, mention the difference in inflationary pressure this time as the global recovery due to asymmetric global recovery which resulted in the rising prices globally. Next… Continue reading Q.3) How the challenge of taming the inflation for RBI is different during the second covid wave as compared to the first? How RBI dealt with the ‘impossible trinity’ during the two waves? (10 Marks)

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