Part 1 | An Introduction

Agriculture and the Indian Economy: Agriculture plays a vital role in India’s economy. 54.6% of the population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities (census 2011) and it contributes 17.4% to the country’s Gross Value Added. Besides, agriculture is an important source of raw material for industrial production and serves as a huge market for… Continue reading

Part 3 | Irrigation Application Methods

Irrigation water is generally applied to crops by: Flooding on the field surface Applying beneath the soil surface Spraying under pressure Applying in drops in the crop root zone The application method must ensure a uniform distribution of water along the cropped field as well as in the root zone of the crop with high… Continue reading

Part 2 | Multipurpose River Valley Projects

Multipurpose River Valley Projects Dams were traditionally built to impound rivers and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate agricultural fields. Today, dams are built not just for irrigation but for: electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial uses, flood control, recreation, inland navigation, fish breeding etc. Hence dams are now referred to… Continue reading

Part 1 | Sources and Methods of Irrigation

The monsoonal rainfall in India is concentrated only in four months and more than 50% of the net sown area is rainfed only. Irrigation is thus essential to overcome spatial and temporal variation of rainfall. Archaeological and historical records show that from ancient times we have been constructing sophisticated hydraulic structures like dams built of… Continue reading

Part 3 | Characteristics of Soil, Classification of Indian Soils

Soil Characteristics Knowing a soil’s water, mineral, and organic components and their proportions can help us determine its productivity and what the best use for that soil may be. Several soil properties that can be readily tested or examined are used to describe and differentiate soil types. The most important properties are discussed below: 1.… Continue reading

Part 2 | Factors Responsible for the Formation of Soil, Soil Profile

The major factors responsible for the formation of soil: The major factors affecting the formation of soil are relief, parent material, climate, vegetation and other life-forms and time. Besides these, human activities also influence it to a large extent. 1. Parent Material The parent material of soil may be deposited by streams or derived from… Continue reading

Part 1 | Formation of Soil

Before we discuss the various soil types and their distribution in India, it is imperative that we first go through the basics. Let’s begin with what soil is and how it is formed: What is soil? Soil is the loose material of the earth’s surface in which the terrestrial plants grow. It is usually formed… Continue reading

The Post-Monsoon Season/Autumn (Oct – Dec)

India’s Climatic Calendar – The Autumn Season The months of October-November form a period of transition from the hot rainy season to the dry winter conditions. Surface Air Circulation during the Autumn Period. Source The withdrawal of the south-west monsoon and the onset of north-east monsoon are both gradual phenomenon. They take place almost at… Continue reading

The Pre-Monsoon Season/ Summer Season (Mar – May)

India’s Climatic Calendar – The Summer Season Temperature Conditions during this season: As the sun shifts northward towards the Tropic of Cancer after the vernal Equinox, the whole India experiences an increase in temperature. In most parts of India, temperatures recorded are between 30°-32°C. North India: April, May and June are the months of summer… Continue reading

24 Aug 2017 | Target Mains: GS Questions With Official Answers

GS paper 1: Arts and Culture Q.1) Ancient and medieval water management system of India has enormous potential to short out the water crisis in modern India. GS Paper 2: International relations Q.2) Trump warning to Pakistan has provided opportunity to India to play a pivotal role in Afganistan. Discuss What should India do to… Continue reading

24 Aug 2017 | GS 4 | Explain how ethics contributes to social and human well-being.

GS paper 4: Ethics and Integrity Q.4) Explain how ethics contributes to social and human well-being.

24 Aug 2017 | GS 3 | Recently Government has approved framework for merger of Public sector banks. In the light of the above statement critically examine whether there is need for consolidation of banks in India.

GS Paper 3: Indian Economy Q.3) Recently Government has approved framework for merger of Public sector banks. In the light of the above statement critically examine whether there is need for consolidation of banks in India. Source: http://indianexpress.com/article/business/banking-and-finance/cabinet-approves-framework-for-consolidation-of-public-sector-banks-arun-jaitley-4810012/ http://importantbankingnews.blogspot.in/2014/07/pros-and-cons-of-bank-mergers.html

24 Aug 2017 | GS 2 | Trump warning to Pakistan has provided opportunity to India to play a pivotal role in Afganistan. Discuss What should India do to step up its engagement with Afghanistan?

GS Paper 2: International relations Q.2) Trump warning to Pakistan has provided opportunity to India to play a pivotal role in Afganistan. Discuss What should India do to step up its engagement with Afghanistan? Source: http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/ql10Yy7AfTG2s46WaehyTM/Why-India-should-buy-into-Donald-Trumps-Afghanistan-war.html http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/the-trump-discontinuity-us-president-policy-on-afghanistan-4810529/

24 Aug 2017 | GS 1 | Ancient and medieval water management system of India has enormous potential to short out the water crisis in modern India.

GS paper 1: Arts and Culture Q.1) Ancient and medieval water management system of India has enormous potential to short out the water crisis in modern India.

23 Aug 2017 | Target Mains: GS Questions With Official Answers

GS paper 1: Indian history Q.1) Swaraj or self-rule, before the arrival of Mahatma Gandhi was put to multiple interpretations. Comment. GS paper 2: Polity and Governance Q.2) Critically examine the performance of Swatch Bharat Abhiyaan. Source: https://www.civilsdaily.com/op-ed-snap-more-than-toilets/ GS paper 3: Indian Economy Q.3) Discuss the reasons behind India’s trade deficit with China. What needs… Continue reading

23 Aug 2017 | GS 4 | What does ethics seek to promote in human life? Why is it all the more important in public administration?

GS paper 4 Ethics and integrity Q.4) What does ethics seek to promote in human life? Why is it all the more important in public administration?

23 Aug 2017 | GS 3 | Discuss the reasons behind India’s trade deficit with China. What needs to be done to improve the situation?

GS paper 3: Indian Economy Q.3) Discuss the reasons behind India’s trade deficit with China. What needs to be done to improve the situation? Source: http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/EMSMafHwiaxZT49y1G6ECP/Fixing-the-trade-deficit-with-China-wont-be-easy.html

23 Aug 2017 | GS 2 | Critically examine the performance of Swatch Bharat Abhiyaan?

GS paper 2 Polity and Governance Q.2) Critically examine the performance of Swatch Bharat Abhiyaan. Source: https://www.civilsdaily.com/op-ed-snap-more-than-toilets/

23 Aug 2017 | GS 1 | Swaraj or self-rule, before the arrival of Mahatma Gandhi was put to multiple interpretations. Comment.

GS paper 1 Indian history Q.1) Swaraj or self-rule, before the arrival of Mahatma Gandhi was put to multiple interpretations. Comment.

[Official Answers] 22 Aug 2017 | Target Mains: GS Questions With Official Answers

GS PAPER 1: SOCIOLOGY Q.1) While Regionalism is a major problem in Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and almost all of India’s neighbours, India has been able to maintain relative peace regarding regional violence, except Kashmir. Discuss why? Model answer: When the interests of a region or state are asserted against the interests of the country as… Continue reading

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