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Type: Schemes

  • Direct Benefits Transfers

    [pib] PM-KISAN Scheme Completes Two Years

    PIBSchemes | Agriculture | Mains Paper 2: Government Scheme/Policies

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: PM-KISAN

    Mains level: Cash support schemes for farmers

    The PM-Kisan scheme, launched with an aim to ensure a life of dignity and prosperity for farmers has completed two years of successful implementation.

    PM-KISAN

    • Under this programme, vulnerable landholding farmer families, having cultivable land upto 2 hectares, will be provided direct income support at the rate of Rs. 6,000 per year.
    • This income support will be transferred directly into the bank accounts of beneficiary farmers, in three equal instalments of Rs. 2,000 each.
    • This programme will be entirely funded by the Government of India.

    Note: Aadhaar was made optional for availing the first instalment (December 2018 – March 2019). But now it is mandatory.

    Exclusion categories

    The following categories of beneficiaries of higher economic status shall not be eligible for benefit under the scheme.

    1. All Institutional Landholders
    2. Farmer families in which one or more of its members belong to the following categories
    • Former and present holders of constitutional posts
    • Former and present Ministers/ MP/MLAs/Mayors /Chairpersons of District Panchayats
    • All serving or retired officers and employees of Central/ State Government Ministries (Excluding Multi Tasking Staff /Class IV/Group D employees)
    • All superannuated/retired pensioners whose monthly pension is ₹10,000/-or more (Excluding Multi Tasking Staff / Class IV/Group D employees) of the above category
    • All Persons who paid Income Tax in the last assessment year
    • Professionals like Doctors, Engineers, Lawyers, Chartered Accountants, and Architects registered with Professional bodies and carrying out the profession by undertaking practices.

    Do you know?

    West Bengal is yet to implement the PM-KISAN scheme while the farmers have completed their registrations!

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  • Telecom and Postal Sector – Spectrum Allocation, Call Drops, Predatory Pricing, etc

    Cabinet approves PLI Scheme for telecom

    Schemes | Economics | Mains Paper 3: Effects Of Liberalization On The Economy, Changes In Industrial Policy and their effects on Industrial Growth

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: PLI scheme and various sectors

    Mains level: Make in India promotions

    The Union Cabinet has approved the production-linked incentive scheme for the telecom sector with an outlay of ₹12,195 crores over five years.

    Why such a scheme?

    • The scheme aims to make India a global hub for manufacturing telecom equipment.
    • The sector is expected to lead to an incremental production of about ₹2.4 lakh crore, with exports of about ₹2 lakh crore over five years and bring in investments of more than ₹3,000 crores.

    PLI Scheme

    • The PLI scheme aims to boost domestic manufacturing and cut down on imports by providing cash incentives on incremental sales from products manufactured in the country.
    • Besides inviting foreign companies to set shop in India, the scheme aims to encourage local companies to set up or expand, existing manufacturing units.

    UPSC can directly as the sectors included in the PLI scheme. Earlier it was only meant for Electronics manufacturing (particularly mobile phones).

    Benefits for MSMEs

    • For inclusion of MSMEs in the scheme, the minimum investment threshold has been kept at ₹10 crores, while for others it is ₹100 crore.
    • For MSMEs, a 1% higher incentive is also proposed in the first three years.

    Employment generation

    • The scheme was also likely to generate 40,000 direct and indirect employment opportunities and generate tax revenue of ₹17,000 crores from telecom equipment manufacturing.

    Which equipments?

    • The telecom manufacturing would include core transmission equipment, 4G/5G Radio Access Network and wireless equipment, access and Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), IoT access devices, other wireless equipment.

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  • Mother and Child Health – Immunization Program, BPBB, PMJSY, PMMSY, etc.

    [pib] National Creche Scheme

    PIBSchemes | Governance | Mains Paper 2: Government Scheme/Policies

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: Creche scheme

    Mains level: Maternity benefits act

    The Union Minister of Women and Child Development have given information about the National Creche Scheme to the Lok Sabha.

    Try this PYQ:

    Q.Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017?

    1. Pregnant women are entitled to three months pre-delivery and three months post-delivery paid leave.
    2. Enterprises with creches must allow the mother a minimum of six crèche visits daily.
    3. Women with two children get reduced entitlements.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below.

    (a) 1 and 2 only

    (b) 2 only

    (c) 3 only

    (d) 1, 2 and 3

    National Creche Scheme

    • The Ministry of WCD implements the NCS for the children of working mothers as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme through States/ UTs with effect from 01.01.2017.
    • It aims to provide daycare facilities to children (age group of 6 months to 6 years) of working mothers.

    The Scheme provides an integrated package of the following services:

    • Daycare facilities including sleeping facilities.
    • Early stimulation for children below 3 years and pre-school education for 3 to 6 years old children
    • Supplementary nutrition (to be locally sourced)
    • Growth monitoring
    • Health check-up and immunization

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  • Air Pollution

    [pib] Scheme for Management of Crop Residues

    PIBSchemes | Enviro & Biodiversity | Mains Paper 3: Conservation, Environmental Pollution & Degradation, Eia

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: Air pollution

    Mains level: Alternatives solutions for stubble burning

    The Scheme on ‘Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization for In-Situ Management of Crop Residue in the States of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and NCT of Delhi’ has been extended for the year 2021-22.

    We can cite the example of this scheme for crop residue management as an effective solution against stubble burning.

    Management of Crop Residues

    • In pursuance this, a central sector scheme (100% funded by centre) was launched in 2018 Budget to support the efforts of the governments of Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and the NCT of Delhi to address air pollution.
    • It aimed to subsidize the machinery required for in-situ management of crop residue.

    Various objectives of the scheme:

    • Protecting the environment from air pollution and preventing loss of nutrients and soil micro-organisms caused by burning of crop residue;
    • Promoting in-situ management of crop residue by retention and incorporation into the soil through the use of appropriate mechanization inputs and
    • Creating awareness among stakeholders for effective utilization and management of crop residue

    Outcomes of the scheme

    • The residue burning events in 2020 in Punjab, Haryana and UP together have reduced by -30% as compared to 2016.
    • In Punjab the reduction is -22.7%, Haryana – 63.8% and UP – 52.01%.

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  • Textile Sector – Cotton, Jute, Wool, Silk, Handloom, etc.

    [pib] Hathkargha Samvardhan Sahayata (HSS) Yojana

    Schemes | Economics | Mains Paper 3: Effects Of Liberalization On The Economy, Changes In Industrial Policy and their effects on Industrial Growth

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: HSS scheme

    Mains level: Textile sector of India

    The Ministry of Textiles introduced the technology up-gradation scheme called Hathkargha Samvardhan Sahayata (HSS) Yojana.

    Much recently, in the budget, the Mega Investment Textiles Parks (MITRA) Scheme was launched.

    HSS Yojana

    • This scheme is introduced as an up-gradation scheme under National Handloom Development Programme (NHDP) and Comprehensive Handloom Cluster Development Scheme (CHCDS) in 2015-16.
    • It aims to provide upgraded looms/accessories to handloom weavers to improve the quality of the fabric and enhance productivity.
    • Under the scheme, the Union Govt bears 90% of the cost of looms/accessories.
    • It is designed for all the weavers, including SC/ST/OBC and women.
    • The performance of this scheme will be evaluated by independent third-party agencies.

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  • Start-up Ecosystem In India

    [pib] Startup India Seed Fund Scheme

    Schemes | Economics | Mains Paper 3: Mobilization Of Resources

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: Seed Funding

    Mains level: Startup promotions in India

    Startup India Seed Fund Scheme (SISFS) has been approved for the period of next four years starting from 2021-22.

    Seed Fund Scheme

    • The scheme aims to provide financial assistance to startups for proof of concept, prototype development, product trials, market entry and commercialization.
    • 945 Crore corpus will be divided over the next 4 years for providing seed funding to eligible startups through eligible incubators across India.
    • The scheme is expected to support about 3600 startups.

    Q.Discuss various inherent non-policy challenges to Start-ups in India.(150W)

    What is Seed Funding?

    • Seed funding or seed-stage funding is a very early investment which aims at helping a business grow and generating its own capital.
    • Also referred to as seed money or seed capital, investors often get an equity stake in exchange for the capital invested.
    • The investors can themselves be the founders and use their savings as seed money for their new company — also known as bootstrapping.

    Why Seed Funding matters?

    • It is a fact that starting a new business and lifting it up off the ground is a huge ask for most entrepreneurs and it only gets tougher with capital constraints.
    • Seed funding helps get things started before the business earns any revenue.
    • It is an effective solution for startups and growing businesses as it provides the much-needed early monetary support.
    • It can cover everything from infrastructure costs, marketing and development costs as well as the cost of initial hiring. Investment is the fuel of any business and seed funding is the first drop of this fuel.
    • As seed money becomes much-needed cash reserve or working capital, not having it is one of the main reasons for failure.

    Various options for Seed Funding

    • Crowdfunding
    • Corporate seed funds
    • Incubators Accelerators
    • Angel investors
    • Personal Savings
    • VC Funding
    • Angel Funds or Angel Networks

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  • Mother and Child Health – Immunization Program, BPBB, PMJSY, PMMSY, etc.

    Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)

    Schemes | Governance | Mains Paper 2: Government Scheme/Policies

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: PMMVY

    Mains level: Maternity healthcare

    The government’s maternity benefit scheme, or Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana, has crossed 1.75 crores, eligible women, till the financial year 2020, the Centre informed Parliament.

    PMMVY

    • The PMMVY is a maternity benefit program introduced in 2017 and is implemented by the Ministry of Women and Child Development.
    • It is a conditional cash transfer scheme for pregnant and lactating women of 19 years of age or above for the first live birth.
    • It provides partial wage compensation to women for wage-loss during childbirth and childcare and to provide conditions for safe delivery and good nutrition and feeding practices.
    • Under the scheme, pregnant women and lactating mothers receive ₹5,000 on the birth of their first child in three instalments, after fulfilling certain conditionalities.
    • In 2013, the scheme was brought under the National Food Security Act, 2013 to implement the provision of cash maternity benefit stated in the Act.
    • The direct benefit cash transfer is to help expectant mothers meet enhanced nutritional requirements as well as to partially compensate them for wage loss during their pregnancy.

    Eligibility Conditions and Conditionalities

    The first transfer (at pregnancy trimester) of ₹1,000 requires the mother to:

    • Register pregnancy at the Anganwadi Centre (AWC) whenever she comes to know about her conception
    • Attend at least one prenatal care session and taking Iron-folic acid tablets and TT1 (tetanus toxoid injection), and
    • Attend at least one counselling session at the AWC or healthcare centre.

    The second transfer (six months of conception) of ₹2,000 requires the mother to:

    • Attend at least one prenatal care session and TT2

    The third transfer (three and a half months after delivery) of ₹2,000 requires the mother to:

    • Register the birth
    • Immunize the child with OPV and BCG at birth, at six weeks and at 10 weeks
    • Attend at least two growth monitoring sessions within three months of delivery

    Additionally, the scheme requires the mother to:

    • Exclusively breastfeed for six months and introduce complementary feeding as certified by the mother
    • Immunize the child with OPV and DPT
    • Attend at least two counselling sessions on growth monitoring and infant and child nutrition and feeding between the third and sixth months after delivery

    Before judging this factual information, take this PYQ form 2019:

    Q.Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017?

    1. Pregnant women are entitled to three months pre-delivery and three months post-delivery paid leave.
    2. Enterprises with creches must allow the mother a minimum of six crèche visits daily.
    3. Women with two children get reduced entitlements.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below.

    (a) 1 and 2 only

    (b) 2 only

    (c) 3 only

    (d) 1, 2 and 3

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  • Urban Transformation – Smart Cities, AMRUT, etc.

    Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban) to revive urban water bodies

    Schemes | Governance | Mains Paper 1: Urbanization, Their Problems & Remedies

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: Jal Jeevan Mission

    Mains level: Drinking water scarcity in Urban India

    The urban water supply mission under the Jal Jeevan Mission announced in the Budget would include rejuvenation of water bodies as well as 20% of supply from reused water.

    Access to safe drinking water has been a grave problem for India, especially in rural areas where lack of usable water has resulted in decades-old sanitation and health problems.

    Jal Jeevan Mission

    • Jal Jeevan Mission, a central government initiative under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, aims to ensure access of piped water for every household in India.
    • The mission’s goal is to provide to all households in rural India safe and adequate water through individual household tap connections by 2024.
    • The Har Ghar Nal Se Jal programme was announced by FM in Budget 2019-20 speech.
    • This programme forms a crucial part of the Jal Jeevan Mission.
    • The programme aims to implement source sustainability measures as mandatory elements, such as recharge and reuse through greywater management, water conservation, and rainwater harvesting.

    Urban component of the mission

    • The mission is meant to create a people’s movement for water, making it everyone’s priority.
    • There are an estimated gap of 2.68 crore urban household tap connections that the Mission would seek to bridge in all 4,378 statutory towns.
    • The Mission would also aim to bridge the gap of 2.64 crore sewer connections in the 500 cities under the existing Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT).
    • The mission would include rejuvenation of water bodies to boost the sustainable freshwater supply and the creation of green spaces.

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  • Textile Sector – Cotton, Jute, Wool, Silk, Handloom, etc.

    [pib] Mega Investment Textiles Parks (MITRA) Scheme

    PIBSchemes | Economics | Mains Paper 3: Indian Economy

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: MITRA scheme

    Mains level: Textile sector of India

    The Finance Minister has proposed setting up of a scheme of Mega Investment Textiles Parks (MITRA) Scheme in her budget speech.

    Do not get confused over Sahakar Mitra Scheme and this one.

    MITRA Scheme

    • MITRA aims to enable the textile industry to become globally competitive, attract large investments, and boost employment generation and exports.
    • It will create world-class infrastructure with plug and play facilities to enable create global champions in exports.
    • It will be launched in addition to the Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI).
    • It will give our domestic manufacturers a level-playing field in the international textiles market & pave the way for India to become a global champion of textiles exports across all segments”.

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  • Health Sector – UHC, National Health Policy, Family Planning, Health Insurance, etc.

    Ayushman Bharat for CAPFs

    Schemes | Governance | Mains Paper 2: Health & Education

    Note4Students

    From UPSC perspective, the following things are important:

    Prelims level: Ayushman Bharat

    Mains level: Universal health coverage

    Union Home Minister has rolled out the ‘Ayushman CAPF’ scheme, extending the benefit of the central health insurance programme to the personnel of all Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) in the country.

    Who are the CAPFs?

    • The CAPFs refers to uniform nomenclature of five security forces in India under the authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs.
    • Their role is to defend the national interest mainly against the internal threats.
    • They are the Border Security Force (BSF), Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)

    Ayushman CAPF

    • Under this scheme, around 28 lakh personnel of CAPF, Assam Rifles and National Security Guard (NSG) and their families will be covered by ‘Ayushman Bharat: PM Jan Arogya Yojana’ (AB PM-JAY).
    • For the CAPF, the existing health coverage was not comprehensive as compared to other military forces.

    Do you know?

    The goal of universal health coverage (UHC) as stated in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs no. 3) is one of the most significant commitments to equitable quality healthcare for all.

    About Ayushman Bharat

    • PM-JAY aims to provide free access to healthcare for 40% of people in the country.
    • It is a centrally sponsored scheme and is jointly funded by both the union government and the states.
    • It was launched in September 2018 by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
    • The ministry has later established the National Health Authority as an organization to administer the program.

    Key features:

    • Providing health coverage for 10 crores households or 50 crores Indians.
    • It provides a cover of 5 lakh per family per year for medical treatment in empanelled hospitals, both public and private.
    • Offering cashless payment and paperless recordkeeping through the hospital or doctor’s office.
    • Using criteria from the Socio-Economic and Caste Census 2011 to determine eligibility for benefits.
    • There is no restriction on family size, age or gender.
    • All previous medical conditions are covered under the scheme.
    • It covers 3 days of pre-hospitalization and 15 days of post-hospitalization, including diagnostic care and expenses on medicines.
    • The scheme is portable and a beneficiary can avail medical treatment at any PM-JAY empanelled hospital outside their state and anywhere in the country.

    Note these features. They cannot be memorized all of sudden but can be recognized if a tricky MCQ comes in the prelims.

    Must read:

    [Burning Issue] Ayushmaan Bharat

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